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Ritter F, Morris LJ, McCabe KN, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Okuda J. Deaggregation of Zinc Dihydride by Lewis Acids Including Carbon Dioxide in the Presence of Nitrogen Donors. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15583-15592. [PMID: 34591456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Thermally sensitive polymeric zinc dihydride [ZnH2]n can conveniently be prepared by the reaction of ZnEt2 with [AlH3(NEt3)]. When reacted with CO2 (1 bar) in the presence of chelating N-donor ligands Ln = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TMPDA), N,N,N',N″,N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDTA), and 1,4,7,10-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (Me4TACD), insertion into the Zn-H bond readily occurred. Depending on the denticity n, formates [(Ln)Zn(OCHO)2] were isolated and structurally characterized, either as a molecule (Ln = TMEDA, TMPDA, PMDTA) or a charge-separated ion pair [(Ln)Zn(OCHO)][OCHO] (Ln = Me4TACD). The reaction of [ZnH2]n with the mild Lewis acid BPh3 in the presence of chelating N-donor ligands Ln gave a series of hydridotriphenylborates, either as a contact ion pair [(L2)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] (L2 = TMEDA, TMPDA) or a separated ion pair [(Ln)Zn(H)][HBPh3] (Ln = PMDTA, Me4TACD). In the crystal, the contact ion pair [(TMEDA)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] showed a bent Zn-H-B bridge indicative of a delocalized Zn-H-B interaction. In contrast, a linear Zn-H-B bridge for [(TMPDA)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] was observed, suggesting a contact ion pair. In THF solution, both complexes show an exchange with free BPh3 as well as [HBPh3]-. DFT calculations suggest the presence of [HBPh3]- anion with a highly polarized B-H bond that interacts with the Lewis acidic zinc hydride cation [(L2)Zn(H)]+. The hydridotriphenylborates [(Ln)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] underwent CO2 insertion to give (formato)zinc (formoxy)triphenylborate complexes [(Ln)Zn(OCHO)][(OCHO)BPh3] (Ln = TMPDA, PMDTA, Me4TACD). For Ln = TMEDA, a dinuclear complex [(Ln)2Zn2(μ-OCHO)3][(OCHO)BPh3] was isolated. Hydridotriphenylborates [(Ln)Zn(H)(HBPh3)] catalyzed the hydrosilylation of CO2 (1 bar) by nBuMe2SiH in THF at 70 °C to give formoxysilane and (methoxy)silane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Ritter
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Louis J Morris
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Karl N McCabe
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas P Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Ballmann G, Martin J, Langer J, Färber C, Harder S. Low‐Coordinate Monomeric Zinc Hydride Complexes with Encapsulating Dipyrromethene Ligands and Reactivity with B(C
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3. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201900179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Ballmann
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Johannes Martin
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Christian Färber
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Lemmerz LE, Mukherjee D, Spaniol TP, Wong A, Ménard G, Maron L, Okuda J. Cationic magnesium hydride [MgH]+ stabilized by an NNNN-type macrocycle. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3199-3202. [PMID: 30801600 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00490d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A magnesium hydride cation [(L)MgH]+ supported by a macrocyclic ligand (L = Me4TACD; 1,4,7,10-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) has been shown to react with Lewis acids as well as with unsaturated substrates including pyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara E. Lemmerz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Anthony Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - Gabriel Ménard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | | | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
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Rit A, Wiegand A, Mukherjee D, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Zinc Dihydride and Mixed Halo Hydrides Supported by an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201701425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Rit
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Ann‐Kristin Wiegand
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
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Lemmerz LE, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. 1,4-Dihydropyridyl complexes of magnesium: synthesis by pyridine insertion into the magnesium–silicon bond of triphenylsilyls and catalytic pyridine hydrofunctionalization. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12553-12561. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01466c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium triphenylsilyl complexes [Mg(SiPh3)2(THF)2] and [(Me3TACD)Mg(SiPh3)] ((Me3TACD)H = 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) serve as precursors for 1,4-dihydropyridyl complexes of magnesium which are active in the hydroboration of pyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. E. Lemmerz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - T. P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
| | - J. Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52056 Aachen
- Germany
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Stuhl C, Katzenmayer MM, Maichle-Mössmer C, Anwander R. Donor-stabilised molecular Mg/Al-bimetallic hydrides. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15173-15180. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03343a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low-molecular organometallic hydride complexes of the type [(do)xMg{(μ2-H)(AlMe3)}2] form in ethereal solvents and display inherent reactivity of existing magnesium hydrido bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Stuhl
- Insitut für Anorganische Chemie
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen (EKUT)
- Germany
| | | | | | - Reiner Anwander
- Insitut für Anorganische Chemie
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen (EKUT)
- Germany
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Stephens DE, Nguyen VT, Chhetri B, Clark ER, Arman HD, Larionov OV. Organocatalytic Synthesis of Methylene-Bridged N-Heterobiaryls. Org Lett 2016; 18:5808-5811. [PMID: 27808520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A one-step synthesis of 1,1'- and 2,2'-methylene-bridged N-heterobiaryls directly from the corresponding N-heterocycles in a reaction with methylmagnesium chloride in the presence of catalytic amounts of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine under thermal and microwave conditions is reported. The split-and-merge methylenation of 2,2'-N-heterobiaryls and the direct ortho-alkylation of quinoline and isoquinoline with Grignard reagents have also been developed. Mechanistic studies identified several intermediates and provided insight into the formation and roles of magnesium hydride species in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Stephens
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Vu T Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Bhuwan Chhetri
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Emily R Clark
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Hadi D Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Oleg V Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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Gantman MG, Tarkhanova IG, Kolyagin YG. Non-innocent ligands in copper complexes catalyzed oxidation of thiols. J Sulphur Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2016.1193179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail G. Gantman
- Chemical Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Yuri G. Kolyagin
- Chemical Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Kreider-Mueller A, Quinlivan PJ, Rauch M, Owen JS, Parkin G. Synthesis, structure and reactivity of [TmBut]ZnH, a monomeric terminal zinc hydride compound in a sulfur-rich coordination environment: access to a heterobimetallic compound. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:2358-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08915h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The zinc hydride complex, [TmBut]ZnH, undergoes insertion of CO2 and facile protolytic cleavage, of which the latter provides access to heterobimetallic [TmBut]ZnMo(CO)3Cp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Rauch
- Department of Chemistry
- Columbia University
- New York
- USA
| | | | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry
- Columbia University
- New York
- USA
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Armstrong DR, Harris CMM, Kennedy AR, Liggat JJ, McLellan R, Mulvey RE, Urquhart MDT, Robertson SD. Developing Lithium Chemistry of 1,2-Dihydropyridines: From Kinetic Intermediates to Isolable Characterized Compounds. Chemistry 2015; 21:14410-20. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Rit A, Zanardi A, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Okuda J. Ein kationischer Zinkhydridcluster, stabilisiert durch ein N-heterocyclisches Carben: Synthese, Reaktivität und Hydrosilylierungskatalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rit A, Zanardi A, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Okuda J. A Cationic Zinc Hydride Cluster Stabilized by an N-Heterocyclic Carbene: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Hydrosilylation Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13273-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Intemann J, Sirsch P, Harder S. Comparison of Hydrogen Elimination from Molecular Zinc and Magnesium Hydride Clusters. Chemistry 2014; 20:11204-13. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Intemann J, Lutz M, Harder S. Multinuclear Magnesium Hydride Clusters: Selective Reduction and Catalytic Hydroboration of Pyridines. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500469h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Intemann
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Lutz
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular
Research, Crystal
and Structural Chemistry, Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Leich V, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Okuda J. Hydrosilylation catalysis by an earth alkaline metal silyl: synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of bis(triphenylsilyl)calcium. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2311-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49308c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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McSkimming A, Colbran SB. The coordination chemistry of organo-hydride donors: new prospects for efficient multi-electron reduction. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5439-88. [PMID: 23507957 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35466k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In biological reduction processes the dihydronicotinamides NAD(P)H often transfer hydride to an unsaturated substrate bound within an enzyme active site. In many cases, metal ions in the active site bind, polarize and thereby activate the substrate to direct attack by hydride from NAD(P)H cofactor. This review looks more widely at the metal coordination chemistry of organic donors of hydride ion--organo-hydrides--such as dihydronicotinamides, other dihydropyridines including Hantzsch's ester and dihydroacridine derivatives, those derived from five-membered heterocycles including the benzimidazolines and benzoxazolines, and all-aliphatic hydride donors such as hexadiene and hexadienyl anion derivatives. The hydride donor properties--hydricities--of organo-hydrides and how these are affected by metal ions are discussed. The coordination chemistry of organo-hydrides is critically surveyed and the use of metal-organo-hydride systems in electrochemically-, photochemically- and chemically-driven reductions of unsaturated organic and inorganic (e.g. carbon dioxide) substrates is highlighted. The sustainable electrocatalytic, photochemical or chemical regeneration of organo-hydrides such as NAD(P)H, including for driving enzyme-catalysed reactions, is summarised and opportunities for development are indicated. Finally, new prospects are identified for metal-organo-hydride systems as catalysts for organic transformations involving 'hydride-borrowing' and for sustainable multi-electron reductions of unsaturated organic and inorganic substrates directly driven by electricity or light or by renewable reductants such as formate/formic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex McSkimming
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Jochmann P, Stephan DW. H2Cleavage, Hydride Formation, and Catalytic Hydrogenation of Imines with Zinc Complexes of C5Me5and N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:9831-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Jochmann P, Stephan DW. H2-Aktivierung, Hydridbildung und katalytische Hydrierung von Iminen mit Zinkkomplexen von C5Me5und N-heterocyclischen Carbenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Rit A, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Okuda J. Molekulares Zinkdihydrid: Stabilisierung durch N-heterocyclische Carbene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Rit A, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Okuda J. Molecular Zinc Dihydride Stabilized by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4664-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bender G, Wiegand T, Eckert H, Fröhlich R, Daniliuc CG, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Ndambuki S, Ziegler T, Kehr G, Erker G. Binding of Molecular Magnesium Hydrides to a Zirconocene-Enyne Template. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8846-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bender G, Wiegand T, Eckert H, Fröhlich R, Daniliuc CG, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Ndambuki S, Ziegler T, Kehr G, Erker G. Binding of Molecular Magnesium Hydrides to a Zirconocene-Enyne Template. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201203372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lichtenberg C, Spaniol TP, Perrin L, Maron L, Okuda J. Reversible 1,4-insertion of pyridine into a highly polar metal-carbon bond: effect of the second metal. Chemistry 2012; 18:6448-52. [PMID: 22517469 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Crispin Lichtenberg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Sattler W, Parkin G. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Mononuclear Organozinc Hydride Complex: Facile Insertion of CO2 into a Zn–H Bond and CO2-Promoted Displacement of Siloxide Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:9708-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2035706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Sattler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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26
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Hill MS, Kociok-Köhn G, MacDougall DJ, Mahon MF, Weetman C. Magnesium hydrides and the dearomatisation of pyridine and quinoline derivatives. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:12500-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11235j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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de Koning AJ, Alberts-Jansen HJ, Boersma J, van der Kerk GJM. Zinc(II)-promoted reduction of ketones by 1-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19800991006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Kahnes M, Görls H, González L, Westerhausen M. Synthesis and Catalytic Reactivity of Bis(alkylzinc)-hydride-di(2-pyridylmethyl)amides. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100153z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Kahnes
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, August-Bebel-Strasse 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, August-Bebel-Strasse 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Leticia González
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, August-Bebel-Strasse 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
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29
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Zhang C, Wang ZX. N,O-chelate aluminum and zinc complexes: synthesis and catalysis in the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Appl Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Huang ZG, Yu L, Dai YM. An ab initiopotential energy surface and vibrational energy levels of ZnH 2. J Comput Chem 2009; 31:986-93. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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31
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Robert D, Voth P, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Rare‐Earth Metal Alkyl and Hydride Complexes Supported by a Linked Anilido–cyclopentadienyl Ligand: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Robert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany, Fax: +49‐241‐80‐92644
| | - Peter Voth
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany, Fax: +49‐241‐80‐92644
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany, Fax: +49‐241‐80‐92644
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany, Fax: +49‐241‐80‐92644
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Haaland A. Kovalente und dative Bindungen zu Hauptgruppenmetallen, eine nützliche Unterscheidung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19891010806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Shayesteh A, Gordon IE, Appadoo DRT, Bernath PF. Infrared emission spectra and equilibrium bond lengths of gaseous ZnH2 and ZnD2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:3132-42. [PMID: 16240024 DOI: 10.1039/b507539d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A detailed analysis of the high resolution infrared emission spectra of gaseous ZnH2 and ZnD2 in the 800-2200 cm(-1) spectral range is presented. The nu3 antisymmetric stretching fundamental bands of 64ZnH2, 66ZnH2, 67ZnH2, 68ZnH2, 64ZnD2, 66ZnD2 and 68ZnD2, as well as several hot bands involving nu1, nu2 and nu3 were rotationally analyzed, and spectroscopic constants were obtained. Rotational l-type doubling and l-type resonance, local perturbations, and Fermi resonances were observed in the vibration-rotation bands of both ZnH2 and ZnD2, and equilibrium vibrational frequencies (omega1, omega2 and omega3) were estimated. Using the rotational constants of the 000, 100, 01(1)0 and 001 vibrational levels, the equilibrium rotational constants (B(e)) of 64ZnH2 and 64ZnD2 were determined to be 3.600 269(31) cm(-1) and 1.801 985(25) cm(-1), respectively, and the associated equilibrium bond lengths (r(e)) are 1.524 13(1) angstroms and 1.523 94(1) angstroms, respectively. The difference between the r(e) values of 64ZnH2 and 64ZnD2 is about 0.01%, and is mainly due to the breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shayesteh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, CanadaN2L 3G1
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P. O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319
| | - Lester Andrews
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P. O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319
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Murso A, Stalke D. The C
α
‐Deprotonated Iminophosphorane Ph
2
P(CH
2
Py)(NSiMe
3
) as an
N
,
N
‐Chelating Ligand for Iron and Zinc. Eur J Inorg Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200400318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Murso
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, Fax: (internat.) + 49‐931‐888‐4619
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, Fax: (internat.) + 49‐931‐888‐4619
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36
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Wang X, Andrews L. Solid Mercury Dihydride: Mercurophilic Bonding in Molecular HgH2 Polymers. Inorg Chem 2004; 43:7146-50. [PMID: 15500353 DOI: 10.1021/ic049100m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Atomic mercury subjected to mercury arc irradiation reacts in solid hydrogen to give the linear HgH(2) molecule with strong IR absorptions at 1902 and 773 cm(-1). Annealing leads to HgH(2) dimer and trimer, and warming above 7 K allows the hydrogen matrix to sublime and solid HgH(2) to form. This covalent molecular solid is characterized by strong IR absorptions at 1802 and 673 cm(-1) and by decomposition at 150-170 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, USA
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Hensen K, Lemke A, Stumpf T, Bolte M, Fleischer H, Pulham CR, Gould RO, Harris S. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of (1,4-Dihydropyrid-1-yl)aluminum Complexes. Inorg Chem 1999; 38:4700-4704. [PMID: 11671194 DOI: 10.1021/ic9905695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction between LiAlH(4) and pyridine, 4-methylpyridine, or 3,5-dimethylpyridine results in hydride transfer to the pyridine ring to give tetrakis(pyridine)lithium tetrakis(1,4-dihydropyrid-1-yl)aluminate(III), 1, tetrakis(4-methylpyridine)lithium tetrakis(1,4-dihydro-4-methylpyrid-1-yl)aluminate(III), 2, or tetrakis(3,5-dimethylpyridine)lithium tetrakis(3,5-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyrid-1-yl)aluminate(III), 3, respectively. We claim that 1, instead of lithium tetrakis(1,4-dihydropyrid-1-yl)aluminate(III), is the compound which is known as Lansbury's reagent. Treatment of trimethylamine-alane, AlH(3).NMe(3), with pyridine yields tris(1,4-dihydropyrid-1-yl)(pyridine)aluminum, 4. It could be shown that AlH(3).NMe(3) initially reduces pyridine to 1,2-dihydropyridine, which is subsequently converted into its 1,4-isomer. The X-ray crystal structures of 1-4 were determined. While the differences between Al-N distances within each of the compounds 1-3 are not significant, 4 exhibits two distinctly different types of Al-N bonds, the dative bond between Al and N(pyridine), d(Al-N) = 1.959(2) Å, and the covalent bonds between Al and N(1,4-dihydropyrid-1-yl), d(av)(Al-N) = 1.833 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Hensen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, Scotland, U.K
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38
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Westerhausen M, Wieneke M, Schwarz W. 1,2-bis(dimethylamino) ethan-komplexe von heteroleptischen alkylzink-verbindungen: Zusammenhang zwischen ZnN-abstand und RZnR′-bindungswinkel. J Organomet Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(96)06207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bell NA, Kassyk AL. Preparation of the N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylenediamine complex of hydridozinc chloride. Reactions of zinc hydrides with some organic substrates. Inorganica Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(96)05250-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Westerhausen M, Rademacher B, Schwarz W. 2,2′-Bipyridyl-bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]zink — synthese, spektroskopische charakterisierung und struktur. J Organomet Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(92)80066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Haaland A. Covalent versus Dative Bonds to Main Group Metals, a Useful Distinction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.198909921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 474] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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An ab initio and semiempirical approach to the reaction of zinc hydride with formaldehyde. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0166-1280(88)80451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bell NA, Kassyk AL. Reactions of zinc dihydride with donor molecules containing acidic hydrogen atoms. J Organomet Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(88)80089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Catalyzed hydrometalation of olefins by zinc hydride as a new route to the higher organozinc compounds. Russ Chem Bull 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00956175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Illuminati G, Stegel F. The Formation of Anionic σ-Adducts from Heteroaromatic Compounds: Structures, Rates, and Equilibria. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY VOLUME 34 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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de Koning A, Budzelaar P, van Aarssen B, Boersma J, van der Kerk G. Reaction of magnesium hydride with pyridine. J Organomet Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)86029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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49
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Ashby E, Goel A. Evidence for a single electron transfer mechanism in 1he reduction of aromatic nitrogen heterocycles with main group metal hydrides and dihydropyridyl metal complexes. Tetrahedron Lett 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)92342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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50
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Reaction of magnesium hydride with pyridine: Formation of H3Mg2NC5H6, HMgNC5H6 and Mg(NC5H6)2. J Organomet Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)84579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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