Localized esophageal leiomyoma and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

Benign esophageal tumors: introduction, incidence, classification, and clinical features

Benign esophageal tumors comprise a diverse group of disorders that are rare in relation to malignant tumors or other benign conditions. The current article summarizes the literature with regard to the incidence and prevalence of benign tumors of the esophagus and discusses the various methods used to categorize these conditions. Summaries of important clinical features are provided for leiomyomas, esophageal cysts, fibrovascular polyps, papillomas, granular cell tumors and others.

Congenital megaesophagus with hypertrophic osteopathy in a 6-year-old dog

Congenital megaesophagus is often sufficiently debilitating to a young puppy to result in an owner's request for euthanasia. If medically managed, some puppies may develop a functional esophagus and mature normally; in others, the dilation may persist, but nutritional support may be sufficient to allow skeletal maturation. Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy or hypertrophic osteopathy is well recognized in many animal species. Pulmonary neoplasia is most commonly associated with development of the secondary bone changes, but numerous other causes exist. The chronic changes of hypertrophic osteopathy were identified in a 6-year-old German Shepherd that was debilitated by persistent congenital megaesophagus. To the investigators' knowledge, a relationship between long-term esophageal dilatation and hypertrophic osteopathy has only been reported once in a human patient.

Leiomyoma at the site of esophageal atresia repair

Esophageal leiomyomas are rare in the pediatric population. They frequently occur in association with other anomalies, such as Alport's syndrome, osteoarthropathy, and leiomyomas elsewhere in the body. The authors describe the case of a focal esophageal leiomyoma in a 12-month-old girl with a history of long-gap esophageal atresia. The patient initially underwent bouginage of the proximal pouch while awaiting definitive repair. After esophageal repair, the patient required multiple dilatations for anastomotic strictures. A segmental resection of the esophagus was performed because of recurrent strictures. A leiomyoma, arising from the site of the previous esophageal atresia repair, was noted on histologic evaluation. Esophageal leiomyomas have not been reported previously in a child with esophageal atresia. J Pediatr Surg 36:1832-1833.