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Mainwaring E, Patel R, Desai C, Acharya R, Raveshia D, Shah S, Panesar H, Patel N, Singh R. Five historical innovations that have shaped modern cardiothoracic surgery. J Perioper Pract 2024; 34:282-292. [PMID: 38149619 DOI: 10.1177/17504589231212967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Throughout history, many innovations have contributed to the development of modern cardiothoracic surgery, improving patient outcomes and expanding the range of treatment options available to patients. This article explores five key historical innovations that have shaped modern cardiothoracic surgery: cardiopulmonary bypass, surgical pacemakers, video assisted thoracic surgery, robotic surgery and mechanical circulatory support. We will review the development, impact and significance of each innovation, highlighting their contributions to the field of cardiothoracic surgery and their ongoing relevance in contemporary and perioperative practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Mainwaring
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ravi Patel
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Shrewsbury and Telford Trust, The Princess Royal Hospital, Telford, UK
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, UK
| | - Chaitya Desai
- Department of Urology, Walsall Manor Hospital, Walsall Healthcare NHS Trust, Walsall, UK
| | - Radhika Acharya
- Department of Intensive Care, Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Dimit Raveshia
- Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Saumil Shah
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Princess Royal Hospital, Telford, UK
| | - Harrypal Panesar
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Princess Royal Hospital, Telford, UK
| | | | - Rohit Singh
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, UK
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Lengyel BC, Chinnadurai P, Corr SJ, Lumsden AB, Bavare CS. Robot-assisted vascular surgery: literature review, clinical applications, and future perspectives. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:328. [PMID: 39174843 PMCID: PMC11341614 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-024-02087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Although robot-assisted surgical procedures using the da Vinci robotic system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA) have been performed in more than 13 million procedures worldwide over the last two decades, the vascular surgical community has yet to fully embrace this approach (Intuitive Surgical Investor Presentation Q3 (2023) https://investor.intuitivesurgical.com/static-files/dd0f7e46-db67-4f10-90d9-d826df00554e . Accessed February 22, 2024). In the meantime, endovascular procedures revolutionized vascular care, serving as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery. In the pursuit of a percutaneous approach, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and fewer perioperative complications, the long-term durability of open surgical vascular reconstruction has been compromised (in Lancet 365:2179-2186, 2005; Patel in Lancet 388:2366-2374, 2016; Wanhainen in Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 57:8-93, 2019). The underlying question is whether the robotic-assisted laparoscopic vascular surgical approaches could deliver the robustness and longevity of open vascular surgical reconstruction, but with a minimally invasive delivery system. In the meantime, other surgical specialties have embraced robot-assisted laparoscopic technology and mastered the essential vascular skillsets along with minimally invasive robotic surgery. For example, surgical procedures such as renal transplantation, lung transplantation, and portal vein reconstruction are routinely being performed with robotic assistance that includes major vascular anastomoses (Emerson in J Heart Lung Transplant 43:158-161, 2024; Fei in J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 9, 2023; Tzvetanov in Transplantation 106:479-488, 2022; Slagter in Int J Surg 99, 2022). Handling and dissection of major vascular structures come with the inherent risk of vascular injury, perhaps the most feared complication during such robotic procedures, possibly requiring emergent vascular surgical consultation. In this review article, we describe the impact of a minimally invasive, robotic approach covering the following topics: a brief history of robotic surgery, components and benefits of the robotic system as compared to laparoscopy, current literature on "vascular" applications of the robotic system, evolving training pathways and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs C Lengyel
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ponraj Chinnadurai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stuart J Corr
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alan B Lumsden
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Charudatta S Bavare
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Willard R, Scheinerman J, Pupovac S, Patel NC. The Current State of Hybrid Coronary Revascularization. Ann Thorac Surg 2024; 118:318-328. [PMID: 38677447 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) combines a minimally invasive surgical approach with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease. Despite decades of use, widespread acceptance has been limited. In this review, we conduct a comparative assessment of HCR in relation to traditional coronary artery bypass graft surgery and multivessel PCI. Although large-scale randomized data are still lacking, numerous studies have demonstrated that HCR may offer benefits regarding resource utilization and short-term morbidity while delivering comparable mid- and long-term survival compared with traditional bypass surgery. Compared with PCI, HCR may offer similar periprocedural morbidity while mitigating the need for repeat revascularization by providing a surgical arterial bypass graft to the left anterior descending artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Willard
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, New York, New York
| | - Joshua Scheinerman
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Stevan Pupovac
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, North Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, New York, New York
| | - Nirav C Patel
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, New York, New York.
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Giroletti L, Graniero A, Agnino A. Robotic-Assisted Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Surgical Technique. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2435. [PMID: 38673708 PMCID: PMC11051288 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in robotic-assisted coronary artery revascularization in Europe. Two different types of surgery can be performed using a robotic platform: RA-MIDCAB, in which the mammary artery is harvested endoscopically with robotic assistance and off-pump bypass graft is achieved under direct vision through mini thoracotomy, and TE-CAB, completely robotically performed. We started the robotic cardiac surgery program for mitral valve disease in our hospital, Humanitas Gavazzeni (Bergamo, Italy), in 2019; and in 2021, we addressed our experience with RA-MIDCAB. After a learning curve period, we have developed our technique to optimize the benefits offered by the robotic platform, tailoring strategy to individual patients, based on preoperative radiological images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giroletti
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Robotic and Minimally-Invasive Cardiac Surgery, Humanitas Gavazzeni-Castelli, 24125 Bergamo, Italy; (A.G.); (A.A.)
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Yusuf MM, Bansal V, Gunasekaran S, Kaliyamoorthy D, Kumar AM. Total arterial revascularization using robot assisted minimally invasive coronary artery bypass: an Indian experience. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 40:42-49. [PMID: 38125327 PMCID: PMC10728025 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-023-01593-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the early outcomes of Total Arterial Revascularization using Robot Assisted Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass at our center between June 2019 and January 2023. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of 195 patients who underwent Total Arterial Coronary Revascularization through Robot Assisted Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass procedure (RA-CABG) during the period of June 2019 and January 2023 in a quaternary care center in India. Primary outcome variables were in-hospital and 30-day mortality. Secondary outcome variables included duration of surgery, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, in-hospital stay and perioperative morbidity. The entire patient population was divided into two groups for a subgroup analysis based on when the surgery was conducted i.e. the years since the robotic program was begun at our institution with 81 patients in group I (2019-2021), and 114 patients in group II (2022-2023). Results 195 patients [88.7% male, mean age of 61.34 ± 9.58 years] underwent RA-CABG during the 5-year period (2019-2023) by a single experienced surgeon and his team. Conversion to larger thoracic incisions was required in 5 cases (2.59%). In-hospital and 30-day mortality was 1.02% each. The average length of ICU stay and hospital stay were 2.82 ± 1.17 days and 5.84 ± 1.71 days respectively. The duration of ICU stay correlated with the number of internal mammary artery grafts procured (p = 0.0022). Median duration of follow-up was 11 months. Overall mortality was 3.62% and cardiac related mortality was 2.07%, and 5 patients (2.59%) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Results of the sub-group analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of number of internal mammary artery grafts procured (p = 0.010), need for transfusions (p = 0.00031), ICU stay (p = 0.0005) and in-hospital stay (p = 0.0006). Conclusions Total Arterial Coronary Revascularization through RA-CABG is a viable procedure in select patients. An experienced surgeon and team are required. Further studies in the form of randomized trials with long term follow-up are required to establish the overall utility, effectiveness and benefits to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Varun Bansal
- Apollo Heart Institute, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110076 India
| | | | | | - Aishwarya Mahesh Kumar
- Apollo Heart Institute, Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road, Chennai, 600006 India
- Department of Medical Services, Apollo Hospital, Greams Road, Chennai, India
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Purmessur R, Wijesena T, Ali J. Minimal-Access Coronary Revascularization: Past, Present, and Future. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:326. [PMID: 37623339 PMCID: PMC10455416 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10080326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Minimal-access cardiac surgery appears to be the future. It is increasingly desired by cardiologists and demanded by patients who perceive superiority. Minimal-access coronary artery revascularisation has been increasingly adopted throughout the world. Here, we review the history of minimal-access coronary revascularization and see that it is almost as old as the history of cardiac surgery. Modern minimal-access coronary revascularization takes a variety of forms-namely minimal-access direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB), hybrid coronary revascularisation (HCR), and totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting (TECAB). It is noteworthy that there is significant variation in the nomenclature and approaches for minimal-access coronary surgery, and this truly presents a challenge for comparing the different methods. However, these approaches are increasing in frequency, and proponents demonstrate clear advantages for their patients. The challenge that remains, as for all areas of surgery, is demonstrating the superiority of these techniques over tried and tested open techniques, which is very difficult. There is a paucity of randomised controlled trials to help answer this question, and the future of minimal-access coronary revascularisation, to some extent, is dependent on such trials. Thankfully, some are underway, and the results are eagerly anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushmi Purmessur
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0AY, UK
| | - Tharushi Wijesena
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0AY, UK
| | - Jason Ali
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0AY, UK
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Badhwar V, Wei LM, Geirsson A, Dearani JA, Grossi EA, Guy TS, Balkhy HH, Gillnov AM, Sutter FP, Melnitchouk S, Bonatti J, Murphy DA, Chitwood WR. Contemporary robotic cardiac surgical training. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 165:779-783. [PMID: 34862051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Badhwar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WVa.
| | - Lawrence M Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WVa
| | - Arnar Geirsson
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Yale-New Haven Health System, New Haven, Conn
| | - Joseph A Dearani
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Eugene A Grossi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University, New York, NY
| | - T Sloane Guy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Husam H Balkhy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - A Marc Gillnov
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Francis P Sutter
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Main Line Health Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, Pa
| | - Serguei Melnitchouk
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - Johannes Bonatti
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | | | - W Randolph Chitwood
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
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8
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Landolfo KP. Commentary: "The road less traveled…". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 165:784-785. [PMID: 34922764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Landolfo
- Mayo School of Medicine and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla.
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Dokollari A, Sicouri S, Ramlawi B, Bonacchi M, Erten O, Sutter F, Torregrossa G. Urgent robotic hybrid coronary revascularization in patient with high STS score. A case report. J Card Surg 2022; 37:5599-5602. [PMID: 36378875 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.17201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) outcomes in patients with a high society of thoracic surgery (STS) score in urgent settings remain hindered. PRESENTATION OF CASE A high-risk female patient presented with dyspnea and low ejection fraction (EF = 15%) and was diagnosed with pulmonary edema post myocardial infarction. She was medically stabilized with intraaortic balloon pump and the heart-team decided to intervene with off-pump robotic hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR). The patient had the planned with left internal mammary artery (LITA) anastomosis to the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and the postoperative recovery was uneventful and patients discharged after few days at home. DISCUSSION CABG has proven to be superior to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) even when guided by fractional flow rate and using the last generation stents according to fractional flow reserve versus angiography for multivessel evaluation 3 clinical trial. In moderate SYNTAX score patients that have been historically (SYNTAX trial) treated with multivessels PCI, robotic CABG has been shown to offer the advantage of LITA-LAD in combination with stent for non-LAD territory. CONCLUSION High-risk, fragile patients, with low EF and high STS score that undergo urgent CABG can benefit from heart-team collaboration, and HCR is an important tool in the armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Dokollari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Center, Mainline Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Serge Sicouri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Basel Ramlawi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Center, Mainline Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Massimo Bonacchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Ozgun Erten
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francis Sutter
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Center, Mainline Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gianluca Torregrossa
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Center, Mainline Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA
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Chitwood WR. Historical evolution of robot-assisted cardiac surgery: a 25-year journey. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 11:564-582. [PMID: 36483613 PMCID: PMC9723535 DOI: 10.21037/acs-2022-rmvs-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Many patients and surgeons today favor the least invasive access to an operative site. The adoption of robot-assisted cardiac surgery has been slow, but now has come to fruition. The development of modern surgical robots took surgeons close collaboration with mechanical, electrical, and optical engineers. Moreover, the necessary project funding required entrepreneurs, federal grants, and venture capital. Non-robotic minimally invasive cardiac surgery paved the way to the application of surgical robots by making changes in operative approaches, instruments, visioning modalities, cardiopulmonary perfusion techniques, and especially surgeons' attitudes. In this article, the serial development of robot-assisted cardiac surgery is detailed from the beginning and through clinical application. Included are references to the historical and most recent clinical series that have given us the evidence that robot-assisted cardiac surgery is safe and provides excellent outcomes. To this end, in many institutions these procedures now have become a new standard of care. This evolution reflects Sir Isaac Newton's famous 1676 quote when referring to Rene Descartes, "If have seen further [sic] than others, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants".
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Affiliation(s)
- W Randolph Chitwood
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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11
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Robotic Thymectomy: An Update. CURRENT SURGERY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40137-022-00323-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Peev MP, Nisivaco S, Torregrossa G, Arastu A, Shahul S, Balkhy HH. Robotic Off-Pump Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass in Patients With Low Ejection Fraction. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2022; 17:50-55. [PMID: 35225062 DOI: 10.1177/15569845211073929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Robotic totally endoscopic coronary bypass (R-TECAB) has been shown to be a safe and effective technique with excellent outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of R-TECAB in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and to report our midterm outcomes with up to 7-year follow-up. Methods: All patients undergoing R-TECAB at our institution between July 2013 and July 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 100 patients were identified with low LVEF defined as ≤40%. The preoperative characteristics, perioperative and postoperative outcomes, as well as the midterm results were reviewed. Results: The mean LVEF was 31%, and 62% of all patients had preexisting congestive heart failure. Of the cohort, 59% had 3-vessel disease and 6% underwent previous cardiac surgery. Multivessel TECAB was performed in 54%. Hybrid coronary revascularization occurred in 36 individuals. Two patients required cardiopulmonary bypass, and 35% were extubated in the operating room. No sternotomy conversions were required. One patient underwent reoperation for bleeding. No perioperative stroke, myocardial infarction, or mortality occurred. The left internal mammary artery graft patency was 97% at a mean of 1.6 months in the staged hybrid percutaneous coronary intervention group. At midterm follow-up the cardiac-related mortality was 5%. Heart transplant or left ventricular assist device was required in 4 patients, and 1 patient experienced a myocardial infarction. Freedom from major adverse cardiac events was 89%. Conclusions: Off-pump TECAB can be successfully performed in patients with low LVEF in the setting of an experienced and dedicated robotic cardiac surgery team. Our data demonstrate the feasibility of the technique with excellent perioperative and midterm outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav P Peev
- Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiac Surgery, 12246University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Gianluca Torregrossa
- Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiac Surgery, 12246University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Sajid Shahul
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Husam H Balkhy
- Department of Surgery, Section of Cardiac Surgery, 12246University of Chicago, IL, USA
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Multi-Spectrum Robotic Cardiac Surgery: Early Outcomes. JTCVS Tech 2022; 13:74-82. [PMID: 35711214 PMCID: PMC9195635 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The robotic cardiac surgery program at our current institution began in 2013 with an experienced and dedicated team. This review analyzes early outcomes in the first 1103 patients. Methods We reviewed all robotic procedures between July 2013 and February 2021. Primary outcomes were mortality and perioperative morbidity. Our robotic approach is totally endoscopic for all cases: off-pump for coronary and epicardial procedures, and on-pump with the endoballoon for mitral valve and other intracardiac procedures. Results There were 1103 robotic-assisted cardiac surgeries over 7 years. A total of 585 (53%) were off-pump totally endoscopic coronary artery bypasses, 399 (36%) intracardiac cases (including isolated and concomitant mitral valve procedures, isolated tricuspid valve repair, CryoMaze, atrial or ventricular septal defect repair, benign cardiac tumor, septal myectomy, partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, and aortic valve replacement); 80 (7%) epicardial electrophysiology-related procedures (epicardial atrial fibrillation ablation, left atrial appendage ligation, lead placement, and ventricular tachycardia ablation); and 39 (4%) other epicardial procedures (pericardiectomy, unroofing myocardial bridge). Mortality was 1.2% (observed/expected ratio, 0.7). In the totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass and intracardiac groups, mortality was 1.0% (observed/expected, 0.6) and 1.5% (observed/expected, 0.87), respectively. There were 8 conversions to sternotomy (0.7%) and 24 (2.2%) take-backs for bleeding. Mean hospital and intensive care unit lengths of stay were 2.74 ± 1.26 days and 1.28 ± 0.57 days, respectively. Conclusions This experience demonstrates that a robotic endoscopic approach can safely be used in a multitude of cardiac surgical procedures both on- and off-pump with excellent early outcomes. An experienced surgeon and team are necessary. Longer-term follow-up is warranted.
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Cerny S, Oosterlinck W, Onan B, Singh S, Segers P, Bolcal C, Alhan C, Navarra E, Pettinari M, Van Praet F, De Praetere H, Vojacek J, Cebotaru T, Modi P, Doguet F, Franke U, Ouda A, Melly L, Malapert G, Labrousse L, Gianoli M, Agnino A, Philipsen T, Jansens JL, Folliguet T, Palmen M, Pereda D, Musumeci F, Suwalski P, Cathenis K, Van den Eynde J, Bonatti J. Robotic Cardiac Surgery in Europe: Status 2020. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:827515. [PMID: 35127877 PMCID: PMC8811127 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.827515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background European surgeons were the first worldwide to use robotic techniques in cardiac surgery and major steps in procedure development were taken in Europe. After a hype in the early 2000s case numbers decreased but due to technological improvements renewed interest can be noted. We assessed the current activities and outcomes in robotically assisted cardiac surgery on the European continent. Methods Data were collected in an international anonymized registry of 26 European centers with a robotic cardiac surgery program. Results During a 4-year period (2016–2019), 2,563 procedures were carried out [30.0% female, 58.5 (15.4) years old, EuroSCORE II 1.56 (1.74)], including robotically assisted coronary bypass grafting (n = 1266, 49.4%), robotic mitral or tricuspid valve surgery (n = 945, 36.9%), isolated atrial septal defect closure (n = 225, 8.8%), left atrial myxoma resection (n = 54, 2.1%), and other procedures (n = 73, 2.8%). The number of procedures doubled during the study period (from n = 435 in 2016 to n = 923 in 2019). The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time in pump assisted cases was 148.6 (63.5) min and the myocardial ischemic time was 88.7 (46.1) min. Conversion to larger thoracic incisions was required in 56 cases (2.2%). Perioperative rates of revision for bleeding, stroke, and mortality were 56 (2.2%), 6 (0.2 %), and 27 (1.1%), respectively. Median postoperative hospital length of stay was 6.6 (6.6) days. Conclusion Robotic cardiac surgery case numbers in Europe are growing fast, including a large spectrum of procedures. Conversion rates are low and clinical outcomes are favorable, indicating safe conduct of these high-tech minimally invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wouter Oosterlinck
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Hospital Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Wouter Oosterlinck
| | - Burak Onan
- Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Cardiovascular Surgery Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Patrique Segers
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Cengiz Bolcal
- Gulhane Education ve Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cem Alhan
- Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | - Jan Vojacek
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | | | - Paul Modi
- Liverpool Heart and Chest, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ahmed Ouda
- University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thierry Folliguet
- Henri MONDOR Hospital, Assitance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Piotr Suwalski
- Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jef Van den Eynde
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Hospital Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Jef Van den Eynde
| | - Johannes Bonatti
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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15
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Balkhy HH. Robotic totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting: It's now or never! JTCVS Tech 2021; 10:153-157. [PMID: 34977718 PMCID: PMC8690331 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2021.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Husam H. Balkhy
- Address for reprints: Husam H. Balkhy, MD, FACS, FACC, Section of Cardiac Surgery, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, E-500, Chicago, IL 60637.
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16
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Nellis JR, Daneshmand MA, Gaca JG, Andersen ND, Haney JC, Turek JW. A single center experience with minimally invasive approaches in congenital cardiac surgery. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:5818-5825. [PMID: 34795930 PMCID: PMC8575860 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiac surgery is a technically demanding field with an appreciable learning curve that extends beyond formal training. Minimally invasive congenital cardiac surgery has one of the steepest learning curves. Early complications often discourage surgeons, particularly those at lower volume centers, from pursuing innovative approaches. Over the past three years, we have utilized a number of minimally invasive approaches including pulmonary valve replacement, anomalous aortic origin coronary artery repair, atrial septal defect repair, epicardial lead placement, and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return. Herein we report on our experience performing minimally invasive congenital cardiac surgery, lessons learned, and how our approach has evolved. Methods We performed a single institution, retrospective review, wherein continuous variables were reported as median (interquartile range). Results Between September 2017 and May 2020, minimally invasive approaches were attempted on 49 patients with a median age of 19 years (14–47 years) for nine distinct congenital cardiac diagnoses. Seven patients (14%) required conversion to larger incisions, including four patients or 36% of those undergoing anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery repair. Patients who were converted had a higher body mass index 33.1 (31.7–37.8) than those who were not (24.2, 20.8–29.3) (P=0.009). Conclusions Minimally invasive approaches for congenital cardiac conditions require a team approach. Patients with a body mass index greater than 30 should be counseled on the higher rate of conversion. We no longer perform minimally invasive anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery repair given the high rate of conversions and complications. Surgeons attempting this procedure should do so cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Nellis
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Congenital Heart Surgery Research & Training Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mani A Daneshmand
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Gaca
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas D Andersen
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Congenital Heart Surgery Research & Training Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA.,Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Pediatric & Congenital Heart Center, Duke Children's Hospital, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John C Haney
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joseph W Turek
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Congenital Heart Surgery Research & Training Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA.,Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Pediatric & Congenital Heart Center, Duke Children's Hospital, Durham, NC, USA
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17
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Less invasive multivessel coronary artery bypass grafting techniques have seen a progressive evolution over the last two decades. In their current state, they are easily reproduced and applicable to most patients requiring multivessel revascularization. The purpose of this review is to highlight their importance among a spectrum of evolving therapies and the accruing evidence in their favour. RECENT FINDINGS The first large dual center experience with minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) demonstrated the feasibility of performing multivessel surgical revascularization without the need for sternotomy or cardiopulmonary bypass. Subsequent angiographic studies to assess graft patency showed excellent early results. Studies comparing MICS CABG to conventional CABG demonstrate faster recovery while reducing hospitalization and cost. SUMMARY Multivessel less invasive coronary artery bypass grafting is basically limited to two procedures, MICS CABG and robotically assisted totally endoscopic CABG (TECAB). MICS CABG has evolved as a procedure that preserves the safety and efficacy of conventional CABG while avoiding the associated morbidity. It is reproducible, versatile and holds promise as the procedure of choice for multivessel coronary revascularization in the future. TECAB is likely the pinnacle of minimally invasive coronary surgery, the growth of which is hindered by widespread acceptance and industry involvement.
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18
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Gib MC, Zanirati T, Simas P, Wender OCB, Cavazzola LT. Comparison of the internal thoracic artery flow dissected by video endoscopy or conventional technique. Acta Cir Bras 2021; 36:e360803. [PMID: 34644771 PMCID: PMC8516423 DOI: 10.1590/acb360803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the blood flow in the internal thoracic artery when dissected
endoscopically in a conventional manner, in addition to develop a reliable
experimental training model for the surgical team. Methods: Paired experimental study. Ten pigs were operated and had both internal
thoracic arteries dissected, the right with a conventional technique and the
left by video endoscopy. The main outcomes to be studied were flow, length,
and time of dissection of each vessel. Results: Blood flow measurements were performed with mean heart rate of 100 ± 16 bpm
and mean arterial pressure of 89.7 ± 13 mm Hg. The mean blood flow of
endoscopic dissection of the internal thoracic artery was 170.2 ± 66.3
mL/min and by direct view was 180.8 ± 70.5 (p = 0.26). Thus, there was no
statistically significant difference between the flows, showing no
inferiority between the methods. Conclusions: The minimally invasive dissection of the internal thoracic artery was shown
to be not inferior to the dissection by open technique in relation to the
blood flow in the present experimental model. In addition, the model that we
replicated was shown to be adequate for the development of the learning
curve and improvement of the endoscopic abilities.
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19
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Amabile A, Torregrossa G, Balkhy HH. Robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting: current knowledge and future perspectives. Minerva Cardioangiol 2021; 68:497-510. [PMID: 33155785 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4725.20.05302-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB) and totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting (TECAB) are the two existing strategies for robotic-assisted, surgical myocardial revascularization. In this review, we summarize the wide evidence available in the literature regarding the benefits of these two procedures, and detail the technical skills required to master robotic coronary surgery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Amabile
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA -
| | - Gianluca Torregrossa
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Husam H Balkhy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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20
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Balkhy HH, Nisivaco S, Kitahara H, Torregrossa G, Patel B, Grady K, Coleman C. Robotic off-pump totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass in the current era: report of 544 patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 61:439-446. [PMID: 34392341 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Robotic off-pump totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB) is the least invasive form of surgical coronary revascularization. It has proved to be highly effective and safe. Its benefits are well-established and include fewer complications, shorter hospital stay and quicker return to normal activities. TECAB has undergone 2 decades of technological advancement to include multivessel grafting, a beating-heart approach and successful completion in multiple patient groups in experienced hands. The aim of this report was to examine outcomes of robotic off-pump TECAB at our institution over 7 years. METHODS Data from 544 patients undergoing TECAB between July 2013 and August 2020 were retrospectively examined. The C-Port Flex-A distal anastomotic device was used for the majority of grafts (70%). Yearly follow-up was conducted. Angiographic early patency data were reviewed for patients undergoing hybrid revascularization. RESULTS The mean age was 66 years, with 1.7% mean STS risk. Fifty-six percentage had multivessel TECAB. There was 1 conversion to sternotomy, and 46% extubation in the Operating Room (OR). Mortality was 0.9%. Early graft patency was 97%. At mid-term follow-up at 38 months, cardiac mortality was 2.7% and freedom from major adverse cardiac events was 92.5%. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that robotic beating-heart TECAB in the current era is safe and effective with excellent outcomes and comparable early angiographic patency to standard coronary artery bypass grafting surgery when performed frequently by an experienced team. This procedure was completed in our hands both with and without an anastomotic device. Longer-term studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam H Balkhy
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah Nisivaco
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hiroto Kitahara
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gianluca Torregrossa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brooke Patel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kaitlin Grady
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Charocka Coleman
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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Pasha AK, Lee JZ, Poston RS, Abidov A. Coronary computed tomography angiography following robotic coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: Systematic approach to image analysis and practical considerations. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 67:102507. [PMID: 34276979 PMCID: PMC8271112 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard open chest Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) has evolved over last couple of decades. With advancement in minimally invasive procedures, Robotic CABG (RCABG) is still in its evolution phase. There is dearth of experienced surgeons in this complicated field and lack of data to verify it clinical safety. in this review, we intend to describe the utility of Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) in assessment of graft anatomy and quality, grafting strategy, distal graft anastomosis site evaluation and detection of complications associated with RCABG. CCTA appears to provide valuable information regarding the visualization of grafts, target coronary arteries and other cardiac and non-cardiac structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert S Poston
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, SUNY Down State Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Aiden Abidov
- Department of Medicine/Section of Cardiology, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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22
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Fatehi Hassanabad A, Kang J, Maitland A, Adams C, Kent WDT. Review of Contemporary Techniques for Minimally Invasive Coronary Revascularization. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2021; 16:231-243. [PMID: 34081874 PMCID: PMC8217892 DOI: 10.1177/15569845211010767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Minimally invasive coronary revascularization techniques aim to avoid median sternotomy with its associated complications, while facilitating recovery and maintaining the benefits of surgical revascularization. The 3 most common procedures are minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting, totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass, and hybrid coronary revascularization. For a variety of reasons, including cost and technical difficulty, not many centers are routinely performing minimally invasive coronary revascularization. Nevertheless, many studies have assessed the safety and efficacy of each of these procedures in different clinical contexts. Thus far results have been promising, and with the evolution of procedural techniques, these approaches have the potential to redefine coronary revascularization in the future. This review highlights the current state of minimally invasive coronary revascularization techniques by exploring their benefits, identifying barriers to their adoption, and discussing future potential paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jimmy Kang
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Andrew Maitland
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
| | - Corey Adams
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
| | - William D. T. Kent
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
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23
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Zhang N, Yan P, Feng L, Chu X, Li J, Li J, Guo K, Guo T, Liu X, Yang K. Top 100 most-cited original articles, systematic reviews/meta-analyses in robotic surgery: A scientometric study. Asian J Surg 2021; 45:8-14. [PMID: 33895050 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore and analyze the main features of the top 100 most-cited original articles, systematic reviews (SRs)/meta-analyses (MAs) in the field of robotic surgery, through scientometric analysis. VOSviewer and Excel 2019 were employed to conduct this scientometric study. We found that the majority of original articles (72/100) were published during the 2000s, while the majority of the top 100 most-cited SRs/MAs (91/100) during the 2010s. The USA was the most dominant country (n = 78), Henry Ford Health System was the most productive institution (n = 10), and Menon M was the largest contributing first author (n = 5) of the top 100 most-cited original articles. The USA was the most dominant country (n = 33), University of Padua was the most productive institution (n = 9), and Ficarra V was the largest contributing first author (n = 4) of the top 100 most-cited SRs/MAs. The top 100 most-cited original articles in robotic surgery have focused on the feasibility, outcomes and learning curve of robotic surgery for various neoplasms and cancers. The top 100 most-cited SRs/MAs have focused on the differences between robotic surgery and other types of surgery, with respect to the learning curve, costs, outcomes and experience in treating neoplasms, cancer and other diseases. In the future, the formation of cross-institutional and cross-disciplinary cooperation teams should be promoted and corresponding regulations and standards for specific diseases should be developed to regulate and promote the development of robotic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Peijing Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, China
| | - Lufang Feng
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiajing Chu
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jieyun Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kangle Guo
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tiankang Guo
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xingrong Liu
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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24
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Li CC, Chien TM, Lee MR, Lee HY, Ke HL, Wen SC, Chou YH, Wu WJ. Extraperitoneal Robotic Laparo-Endoscopic Single-Site Plus1-Port Radical Prostatectomy Using the da Vinci Single-Site Platform. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081563. [PMID: 33917705 PMCID: PMC8068145 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, over 80% of radical prostatectomies have been performed with the da Vinci Surgical System. In order to improve the aesthetic outlook and decrease the morbidity of the operation, the new da Vinci Single Port (SP) system was developed in 2018. However, one major problem is the SP system is still not available in most countries. We aim to present our initial experience and show the safety and feasibility of the single-site robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (LESS-RP) using the da Vinci Single-Site platform. From June 2017 to January 2020, 120 patients with localized prostate cancer (stage T1–T3b) at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital were included in this study. We describe our technique and report our initial results of LESS-RP using the da Vinci Si robotic system. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative patient variables were recorded. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-free survival was also analyzed. A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the study. The median age of patients was 68 years (IQR 63–71), with a median body mass index of 25 kg/m2 (IQR 23–27). The median PSA value before operation was 10.7 ng/mL (IQR 7.9–21.1). The median setup time for creat-ing the extraperitoneal space and ports document was 25 min (IQR 18–34). The median robotic console time and operation time were 135 min (IQR 110–161) and 225 min (IQR 197–274), respectively. Median blood loss was 365 mL (IQR 200–600). There were 11 (9.2%) patients who experienced complications (Clavien–Dindo classification Gr II). The me-dian catheter duration was 8 days (IQR 7–9), with a median of 10 days (IQR 7–11) of hospital stay. The PSA free-survival rate was 86% at a median 19 months (IQR 6–28) of follow up. Robotic radical prostatectomy using the da Vinci Single-Site platform system is safe and feasible, with acceptable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chia Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (M.-R.L.); (H.-L.K.); (S.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan;
| | - Tsu-Ming Chien
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (M.-R.L.); (H.-L.K.); (S.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-M.C.); (W.-J.W.); Tel.: +886-7-320-8212 (T.-M.C. & W.-J.W.)
| | - Ming-Ru Lee
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (M.-R.L.); (H.-L.K.); (S.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ying Lee
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (M.-R.L.); (H.-L.K.); (S.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chen Wen
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (M.-R.L.); (H.-L.K.); (S.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Yii-Her Chou
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (M.-R.L.); (H.-L.K.); (S.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (M.-R.L.); (H.-L.K.); (S.-C.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-M.C.); (W.-J.W.); Tel.: +886-7-320-8212 (T.-M.C. & W.-J.W.)
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25
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Cheng N, Zhang H, Yang M, Liu G, Guo Y, Kang W, Gao C, Wang R. Eleven-year outcomes of U-clips in totally robotic coronary artery bypass grafting versus standard hand-sewn running suture in robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2021; 33:27-33. [PMID: 33729469 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing off-pump robotic coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with either interrupted nitinol U-Clips in totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB) or standard running suture anastomosis in robotically assisted direct coronary artery bypass (RADCAB) over a decade. METHODS From January 2007 to December 2017, 280 patients underwent robotic off-pump CABG using the da Vinci S/Si Surgical System in our centre. TECAB with interrupted nitinol U-Clips anastomosis was performed in the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to LAD grafting in 126 patients and RADCAB (n = 154) of the LIMA to LAD was completed with standard running suture. After discharge, patients were contacted through telephone interview and were invited to attend the outpatient clinic every 6 months or 1 year. The graft patency was assessed by coronary angiography or computed tomography angiography. RESULTS All cases were completed without conversion to median sternotomy or cardiopulmonary bypass. A total of 275 single internal mammary artery (IMA) grafts (271 LIMAs, 4 right internal mammary arteries) and 5 bilateral IMA grafts were used as single graft or composite grafts. All the patients were discharged without in-hospital mortality or adverse outcomes. The average follow-up was 89.7 ± 30.4 months (range, 14-143 months). The cumulative survival rates (P = 0.53), the cumulative IMA patency rates (P = 0.83), and the rates of freedom from major adverse cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events (P = 0.41) between TECAB and RADCAB all showed no significant difference in the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Robotic off-pump CABG using IMA grafts is safe and can provide reliable long-term outcomes. Compared with the standard hand-sewn running suture technique in RADCAB, interrupted suture with the nitinol U-Clips in TECAB showed similar long-term clinical results and graft patency in LIMA to LAD bypass grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huajun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guopeng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Kang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Changqing Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Bonatti J, Wallner S, Crailsheim I, Grabenwöger M, Winkler B. Minimally invasive and robotic coronary artery bypass grafting-a 25-year review. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:1922-1944. [PMID: 33841980 PMCID: PMC8024818 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During the mid-1990s cardiac surgery started exploring minimally invasive methods for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and has over a 25-year period developed highly differentiated and less traumatic operations. Instead of the traditional sternotomy mini-incisions on the chest or ports are placed, surgery on the beating heart is applied, sophisticated remote access heart lung machine systems as well as videoscopic units are available, and robotic technology enables completely endoscopic approaches. This review describes these methods, reports on the cumulative intra- and postoperative outcome of these procedures, and gives an integrated view on what less invasive coronary bypass surgery can achieve. A total of 74 patient series published on the topic between 1996 and 2019 were reviewed. Six main versions of minimal access and robotically assisted CABG were applied in 11,135 patients. On average 1.3±0.6 grafts were placed and the operative time was 3 hours 42 min ± 1 hour 15 min. The procedures were carried out with a hospital mortality of 1.0% and a stroke rate of 0.6%. The revision rate for bleeding was 2.5% and a renal failure rate of 0.9% was noted. Wound infections occurred at a rate of 1.2% and postoperative hospital stay was 5.6±2.2 days. It can be concluded that less invasive and robotically assisted versions of coronary bypass grafting are carried out with an adequate safety level while surgical trauma is significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Bonatti
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Vienna Health Network, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie Wallner
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Vienna Health Network, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingo Crailsheim
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Vienna Health Network, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Grabenwöger
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Vienna Health Network, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Research, Vienna, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Winkler
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Vienna Health Network, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Research, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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27
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Kawahira H, Nakamura R, Shimomura Y, Oshiro T, Okazumi S, Lefor AK. A wearable lower extremity support for laparoscopic surgeons: A pilot study. Asian J Endosc Surg 2021; 14:144-148. [PMID: 32643317 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Surgeons have increased physical stress during laparoscopic surgery due to operative site constraints. We developed a wearable device to reduce the physical stress on surgeons' lower extremities. The device mechanically facilitates maintaining a near-upright posture. The surgeon's knees are gently bent by a knee-joint locking mechanism, and fixing and releasing are performed independently on each side. The subjects were one female and two male surgeons, who wore the device during laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair or high anterior resection. Surface electromyogram (EMG) was conducted for both iliopsoas muscles. Control values were determined with the subject not wearing the device. Participants completed a post-procedure questionnaire. With the device, EMG activity had a tendency to decrease in the left iliopsoas muscle (P = .055), but it changed little on the right (P = .406). The post-procedure questionnaire showed an overall positive impression, although subjects reported some difficulty walking. This device decreases EMG activity and may improve a surgeon's work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawahira
- Medical Simulation Center, Jichi Medical Univerisity, Shimotsuke, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nakamura
- Department of Biodesign, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Shimomura
- Division of Design Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Oshiro
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Sakura, Japan
| | - Shinichi Okazumi
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Sakura, Japan
| | - Alan K Lefor
- Medical Simulation Center, Jichi Medical Univerisity, Shimotsuke, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
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Magan AA, Kayani B, Chang JS, Roussot M, Moriarty P, Haddad FS. Artificial intelligence and surgical innovation: lower limb arthroplasty. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2020; 81:1-7. [PMID: 33135934 DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2020.0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The number of patients requiring hip and knee arthroplasty continues to rise each year. Patients are living longer and expecting to remain active into later life following joint replacement. Developments in computer-assisted surgery and robotic technology may optimise surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction following lower limb arthroplasty. The use of artificial intelligence in healthcare is rapidly growing and has gained momentum in lower limb arthroplasty. This article reviews the use of artificial intelligence and surgical innovation in lower limb arthroplasty, with a particular focus on robotic-assisted surgery in total knee arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Magan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK
| | - B Kayani
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J S Chang
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Roussot
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - P Moriarty
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - F S Haddad
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK
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30
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Balkhy HH, Nisivaco S, Tung A, Torregrossa G, Mehta S. Does Intolerance of Single-Lung Ventilation Preclude Robotic Off-Pump Totally Endoscopic Coronary Bypass Surgery? INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2020; 15:456-462. [DOI: 10.1177/1556984520940462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective Robotic off-pump totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB) usually requires isolated single (right) lung ventilation to adequately expose the surgical site. However, in some patients, persistent oxygen desaturation may occur and conversion to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or sternotomy may be necessary. We reviewed the characteristics and clinical outcomes in patients who did not tolerate single-lung ventilation during TECAB surgery. Methods After Institutional Review Board approval we reviewed 440 patients undergoing robotic TECAB at our institution between July 2013 and April 2019. Patients were separated into 2 groups based on their ability to tolerate single-lung ventilation during the procedure. Group 1 included patients able to tolerate single-lung ventilation and Group 2 were patients who required double-lung ventilation to tolerate the procedure. Early and mid-term outcomes were compared. Results Group 2 (121 patients) had higher Society of Thoracic Surgeons scores, higher body mass index, and more triple-vessel disease than Group 1 (319 patients). Group 2 had more bilateral internal mammary artery use, multivessel grafting, and longer operative times. One patient underwent conversion to sternotomy and 5 required CPB (all in Group 1). Intensive care unit and hospital length of stay were longer in Group 2. Observed/expected mortality did not differ between groups (1.06% in Group 2 vs 0.4% in Group 1; P = 0.215). At mid-term follow-up, cardiac-related/overall mortality and freedom from major adverse cardiac events were similar. Conclusions In our cohort, intolerance of single-lung ventilation did not preclude robotic off-pump TECAB. Double-lung ventilation is feasible during the procedure and may prevent conversions to sternotomy or use of CPB, resulting in excellent early and mid-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam H. Balkhy
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
| | - Sarah Nisivaco
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
| | - Avery Tung
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
| | | | - Sachin Mehta
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
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31
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Wei LM. Commentary: Almost ready for prime time. JTCVS Tech 2020; 3:174-175. [PMID: 34317860 PMCID: PMC8303073 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2020.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence M Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WVa
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32
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Balkhy HH, Amabile A, Torregrossa G. A Shifting Paradigm in Robotic Heart Surgery: From Single-Procedure Approach to Establishing a Robotic Heart Center of Excellence. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2020; 15:187-194. [DOI: 10.1177/1556984520922933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Husam H. Balkhy
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
| | - Andrea Amabile
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
| | - Gianluca Torregrossa
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
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Bonatti J, Wallner S, Winkler B, Grabenwöger M. Robotic totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting: current status and future prospects. Expert Rev Med Devices 2020; 17:33-40. [PMID: 31829047 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2020.1704252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting (TECAB) can only be performed in a reproducible manner using robotic technology. This operation has been developed for more than 20 years seeing three generations of surgical robots. TECAB can be carried out beating heart but also on the arrested heart. Single and multiple grafts can be placed and TECAB can be combined with percutaneous coronary intervention in hybrid procedures.Areas covered: This review outlines indications for the procedure, the surgical technique, and the postoperative care. Intra- and postoperative results as available in the literature are reported. Further areas focus on technological development, training methods, learning curves as well as on cost. Finally, we give an outlook on the potential future of this operation.Expert opinion: Robotic TECAB represents a complex, sophisticated but safe, and over-the-years grown procedure. Even though results seem to be in line with conventional coronary surgery worldwide adoption still has been slow probably due to procedure times, costs and learning curves. Main advantages of TECAB are minimized surgical trauma and subsequent reduction of postoperative healing time. With the current introduction of new robotic devices, a new era of procedure development is on its way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Bonatti
- Department of Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Vienna North Hospital and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie Wallner
- Department of Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Vienna North Hospital and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Winkler
- Department of Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Vienna North Hospital and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, Vienna, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Grabenwöger
- Department of Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Vienna North Hospital and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, Vienna, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
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35
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Di Perna D, Castro M, Gasc Y, Haigron P, Verhoye JP, Anselmi A. Patient-specific access planning in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery. Med Hypotheses 2019; 136:109475. [PMID: 31812012 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimally invasive mitral valve repair or replacement (MIMVR) approaches have been increasingly adopted for the treatment of mitral regurgitation, allowing a shorter recovery time and improving postoperative quality of life. However, inadequate positioning of the right mini thoracotomy access (working port) translates into suboptimal exposure, prolonged operative times and, potentially, reduction in the quality of mitral repair. At present, we are missing tools to further improve the positioning of the working port in order to ameliorate surgical exposure in a patient- specific fashion. METHODS AND EVALUATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that computation of relevant anatomical measurements from preoperative CT scans in patients undergoing MIMVR may provide patient-specific information in order to propose the surgical access that best fits to the patient's morphology. We hypothesized that this may systematize optimal mitral valve exposure, facilitating the procedure and potentially ameliorating the outcomes. We also hypothesized that preoperative simulation of the working port site and surgical instruments' insertion using a three-dimensional virtual model of the patient is feasible and may help in the customization of ports positioning. The hypothesis was evaluated by a multidisciplinary team including cardiac surgeons, experts in medical image processing and biomedical engineers. CT scans of 14 patients undergoing MIMVR were segmented to visualize 3D chest bones and heart structures meshes. The mitral valve annulus is pointed manually by the expert or extracted automatically when contrast-enhanced CT scan was available. The valve plane was then calculated and the optimal incision location analyzed according to a) the perpendicularity and b) the distance between the intercostal spaces and the valve plane. An angle-chart representation for the 4th, 5th and 6th intercostal spaces and a color map illustrating the distance between the skin and the mitral valve were created. We started the development of a simulation tool for preoperative planning using 3D Slicer software. CONCLUSIONS Several patient-specific factors (including the orientation of the mitral valve plane and the morphology of the chest cage) may influence the performance of a MIMVR procedure, but they are not quantitatively considered in the current planning strategy. We suggest that the clinical results of MIMVR can be improved through preoperative virtual simulation and computer-assisted surgery (through determination of working port and surgical instruments insertion positioning). Further research is justified and the development of a software tool for clinical evaluation is warranted to verify the current hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Di Perna
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Miguel Castro
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Yannig Gasc
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Haigron
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | | | - Amedeo Anselmi
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI - UMR 1099, F-35000 Rennes, France
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36
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Bhatt HV, Schuessler ME, Torregrossa G, Fitzgerald MM, Evans AS, Narasimhan S, Ramakrishna H. Robotic Cardiac Surgery Part II: Anesthetic Considerations for Robotic Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019; 34:2484-2491. [PMID: 31812565 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting represents one of the most commonly performed cardiac surgeries worldwide. Recently, interest has increased in providing patients with a less invasive approach to cardiac surgery, such as thoracotomy and endoscopic techniques using robotic technology as an alternative to traditional sternotomy. As the population gets older, the need for additional methods to provide care for sick patients will continue to expand. These advancements will further allow physicians to provide cardiac surgical procedures with less pain and faster recovery for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani V Bhatt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
| | - Martha E Schuessler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Gianluca Torregrossa
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Adam S Evans
- Department of Anesthesiology, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ
| | - Seshasayee Narasimhan
- Division of Cardiology, Manning Base Hospital, Taree, Australia; University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia; University of New United Kingdom, Armidale, Australia
| | - Harish Ramakrishna
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kayani
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK
| | - F S Haddad
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Princess Grace Hospital, and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at UCLH, London, UK
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38
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Ashley CW, Donaldson K, Evans KM, Nielsen B, Everett EN. Surgical Cross-Training With Surgery Naive Learners: Implications for Resident Training. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2019; 76:1469-1475. [PMID: 31303542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While current literature has explored the transferability of laparoscopic surgical skills to robotic surgery, this study looks to investigate the transferability of surgical skills between robotic surgical simulation and simulated traditional laparoscopy. DESIGN Participants completed a survey regarding prior surgery exposure and other confounding factors including previous video game experience and self-assessed hand-eye coordination. Following orientation to the laparoscopic simulator (LS) and robotic surgical simulator (RoSS), participants were timed performing the Balloon Grasp and Ball Drop tasks on the RoSS and the Peg Transfer and Ball Drop tasks on the LS. Participants were then randomized to either the laparoscopic or RoSS arm and timed performing the Ball Drop task 10 times and then reassessed performing the Ball Drop using the unpracticed modality. SETTING Clinical Simulation Laboratory at the University of Vermont PARTICIPANTS: A total of 31 medical students with limited experience in laparoscopic and robotic surgery. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in the demographics or prior surgical and videogame experience between the participants in the laparoscopic and robotic arms of the study (X2 = 0.72, p = 0.75). Timed initial assessment of the RoSS Balloon Grasp (p = 0.84) and Ball Drop (p = 0.79) tasks and the LS Peg Transfer (p = 0.14) and Ball Drop (p = 0.44) tasks were not statistically different between the 2 arms. The simulator modality which was practiced yielded the greatest improvement. The degree of improvement on the unpracticed modality was not statistically different between the groups (p = 0.57), and it was not significantly better than 2 rounds of sequential practice on the practiced modality (LS, p = 0.98 and RoSS, p = 0.55). CONCLUSIONS With practice, both groups increased surgical skill on the unpracticed modality. However, this degree of improvement was equal, suggesting there is no transferability of skills between laparoscopy and robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles W Ashley
- Department of Surgery, Gynecology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Katherine M Evans
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Brian Nielsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. College of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan
| | - Elise N Everett
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.
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Shapira OM, Mahajna A, Aviel G. Commentary: Automatic distal anastomotic connector-Carrying away a small stone towards moving the entire robotic coronary artery bypass grafting mountain. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 159:e61-e62. [PMID: 31668611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oz M Shapira
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Ahmad Mahajna
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gal Aviel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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40
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Kitahara H, McCrorey M, Patel B, Nisivaco S, Balkhy HH. Benefit of Robotic Beating-Heart Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass in Octogenarians. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2019; 14:531-536. [PMID: 31533515 DOI: 10.1177/1556984519876901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An important advantage of robotic beating-heart totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB) is early functional recovery, in which fragile patients like octogenarians (age >80 years) benefit most. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and feasibility of TECAB in octogenarians. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients undergoing TECAB from July 2013 to September 2017 at our institution. Perioperative outcomes of octogenarian patients and that of younger patients were compared. RESULTS Of 308 patients who underwent TECAB, 28 patients (9.1%) were octogenarians (mean age 83.8 ± 3.0 years). Octogenarians had a higher rate of hypertension and atrial fibrillation compared to younger patients. TECAB was successfully performed without conversion to any larger incisions in octogenarians. Mean operative time (299 ± 83 minutes vs 281 ± 89 minutes, P = 0.309) and the rate of multivessel bypass (60.7% vs 58.2%, P = 0.798) were similar between octogenarians and younger patients. New atrial fibrillation was observed more frequently in octogenarians compared to younger patients (35.7% vs 18.6%, P = 0.031). Mean length of hospital stay was similar between the 2 groups (octogenarians: 3.9 ± 1.8 days vs younger patients: 3.5 ± 3.0 days, P = 0.475). Twenty-two octogenarians (78.6%) were discharged directly to home. In-hospital mortality was zero in octogenarians. CONCLUSIONS Robotic beating-heart TECAB had favorable results in octogenarians with acceptable morbidity and mortality and excellent short length of stay similar to younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Kitahara
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
| | | | - Brooke Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
| | - Sarah Nisivaco
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
| | - Husam H Balkhy
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, IL, USA
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van Mulken TJM, Scharmga AMJ, Schols RM, Cau R, Jonis Y, Qiu SS, van der Hulst RRWJ. The journey of creating the first dedicated platform for robot-assisted (super)microsurgery in reconstructive surgery. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00238-019-01563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Harky A, Hussain SMA. Robotic Cardiac Surgery: The Future Gold Standard or An Unnecessary Extravagance? Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 34:XII-XIII. [PMID: 31454191 PMCID: PMC6713378 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2019-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amer Harky
- Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Liverpool United Kingdom Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Syed Mohammad Asim Hussain
- Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Liverpool United Kingdom Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Robotic Multivessel Endoscopic Coronary Bypass: Impact of a Beating-Heart Approach With Connectors. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 108:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Connelly TM, Malik Z, Sehgal R, Byrnes G, Coffey JC, Peirce C. The 100 most influential manuscripts in robotic surgery: a bibliometric analysis. J Robot Surg 2019; 14:155-165. [PMID: 30949890 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-019-00956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Since the first robotic assisted surgery in 1985, the number of procedures performed annually has steadily increased. Bibliometric analysis highlights the key studies that have influenced current practice in a field of interest. We use bibliometric analysis to evaluate the 100 most cited manuscripts on robotic surgery and discuss their content and influence on the evolution of the platform. The terms 'robotic surgery,' 'robot assisted surgery' and 'robot-assisted surgery' were used to search Thomson Reuters Web of Science database for full length, English language manuscripts. The top 100 cited manuscripts were analyzed by manuscript type, surgical specialty, first and last author, institution, year and journal of publication. 14,980 manuscripts were returned. Within the top 100 cited manuscripts, the majority featured urological surgery (n = 28), followed by combined results from multiple surgical subspecialties (n = 15) and colorectal surgery (n = 13). The majority of manuscripts featured case series/reports (n = 42), followed by comparative studies (n = 24). The most cited paper authored by Nelson et al. (432 citations) reviewed technological advances in the field. The year and country with the greatest number of publications were 2009 (n = 15) and the USA (n = 68). The Johns Hopkins University published the most top 100 manuscripts (n = 18). The 100 most cited manuscripts reflect the progression of robotic surgery from a basic instrument-holding platform to today's articulated instruments with 3D technology. From feasibility studies to multicenter trials, this analysis demonstrates how robotic assisted surgery has gained acceptance in urological, colorectal, general, cardiothoracic, orthopedic, maxillofacial and neuro surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara M Connelly
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Zoya Malik
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Rishabh Sehgal
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Gerrard Byrnes
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland
| | - J Calvin Coffey
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Colin Peirce
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Limerick, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Kitahara H, Nisivaco S, Balkhy HH. Graft Patency after Robotically Assisted Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2019; 14:117-123. [DOI: 10.1177/1556984519836896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective With advances in robotic instrumentation and technology, both robotically assisted minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (RMIDCAB) and totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB) have been widely used over the past 20 years. Graft patency is the most important outcome in coronary bypass surgery and is associated with long-term prognosis. In this article we reviewed all experts’ studies in the field of robotic assisted coronary artery bypass and investigated graft patency in patients who underwent RMIDCAB or TECAB. Methods We performed a literature search in PubMed from 1999 to 2018 using the terms “Robotic” and “Coronary bypass” and/or “Minimally invasive” and/or “Totally endoscopic.” Of the articles found, studies investigating graft patency were specifically selected. Results In 33 articles, a total of 4,000 patients underwent robotic assisted coronary artery bypass surgery either by a RMIDCAB (2,396) or by a TECAB (1,604) approach. The graft patency was assessed by invasive angiography or computed tomographic angiography in all studies. The mean graft patency at early (<1 month), midterm (<5 years), and long-term (>5 years) follow-up was 97.7%, 96.1%, and 93.2% in RMIDCAB and 98.8%, 95.8%, and 93.6% in TECAB, respectively. Conclusions The graft patency of robotic assisted coronary artery bypass was equivalent to reported outcomes of the conventional approach. These results should encourage the adoption of robotic approaches in coronary bypass surgery.
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Nonrobotic Total Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Proof-of-Concept Study in 20 Patients. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2019; 13:344-348. [PMID: 30407926 DOI: 10.1097/imi.0000000000000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE At present, minimal invasive direct coronary artery grafting is the least invasive nonrobotic surgical approach to revascularize the left anterior descending artery with the left internal mammary artery. Total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting is performed with the help of a telemanipulator ("robot"). A prospective proof-of-concept study was initiated to investigate a nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting approach. METHODS Twenty patients with significant left anterior descending artery or left main stem lesion were operated on via three or four left thoracic access ports. Under exclusive endoscopic vision, the left internal mammary artery was harvested and anastomosed to the left anterior descending artery manually. Cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest were planned in all cases. RESULTS In 10 patients, the operation was completed successfully as nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting. Reasons for conversions to minimal invasive direct coronary artery grafting or conventional sternotomy were dense pleural adhesions (3 patients), bleeding of the anastomosis (3), diffuse bleeding during left internal mammary artery harvesting (2), identification problems of the target artery (1), or left internal mammary artery failure (1). Postoperative angiography in five primarily successful nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting patients showed patent anastomoses in four cases. One patient was reoperated on for early anastomotic failure in a 1.0-mm target vessel. Until now, a percutaneous coronary intervention of remaining lesions as staged hybrid procedure was performed in three patients (2 nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting, 1 minimal invasive direct coronary artery grafting). CONCLUSIONS With a thoroughly surveyed learning curve, nonrobotic total endoscopic coronary bypass grafting procedure could become an alternative to other available treatment options; however, the value of the procedure has to be further investigated.
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Robotic Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes from the Past two Decades. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2019; 14:5-16. [DOI: 10.1177/1556984519827703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Robotic totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting (TECAB) was introduced in 1998 and has over a period of two decades gradually emerged from single-vessel revascularization to multivessel bypass grafting. Dedicated centers have continuously evolved and further developed this minimally invasive method of coronary bypass surgery. A literature review was conducted to assess intra- and postoperative outcomes of TECAB. PubMed returned 19 comprehensive articles on TECAB. Investigation was focused on perioperative outcome parameters, i.e.: operative time, conversion to larger incision, revision for bleeding, atrial fibrillation, stroke, acute renal failure, and mortality. Outcome from the analysis of 2,397 reported cases showed an average operative time of 291 ± 57 minutes (range 112 to 1,050), conversion rate to larger incisions at 11.5%, and perioperative mortality at 0.8%. Pooled data demonstrated 4.2% operative revision rate due to postoperative hemorrhage, 1.0% stroke incidence, 1.6% acute renal failure, and 13.3% de novo atrial fibrillation. The mean length of hospital stay measured 5.8 ± 1.7 days. Conversion rates and operative times decreased over time. According to data in the literature, coronary bypass surgery carried out in completely endoscopic fashion utilizing robotic assistance can require relatively extensive operative times and conversion rates are somewhat higher than in other robotic cardiac surgery. However, major postoperative events lie in an acceptable range. TECAB remains the surgical revascularization method with the least tissue trauma and represents an opportunity for coronary artery bypass grafting via port access. Rates of major complications are at least similar to conventional surgical access procedures.
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Can complex mitral valve repair be performed with robotics? An institution’s experience utilizing a dedicated team approach in 500 patients†. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 56:470-478. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezz029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOBJECTIVESThe full potential of robotics has not been achieved in terms of addressing the most challenging mitral valve (MV) cases. We outline our technique and report our early results with totally endoscopic robotic MV repair in a wide range of pathologies.METHODSFrom May 2011 to August 2017, a dedicated team attempted totally endoscopic robotic MV repair in 500 MV regurgitation patients. Repair complexity was scored in 3 categories. We analysed our sequential case experience by quartiles.RESULTSPatient mean age was 60.8 years (range 18–88). Aetiologies included: degenerative 382 (76.4%), functional 37 (7.4%), inflammatory 22 (4.4%) and others 59 (11.8%). Mitral annular calcification was present in 64 (12.8%) cases. Simple MV repair (annuloplasty alone or with 1 leaflet segment repair) was performed in 240 (48%) patients, complex (repair involving more than 1 segment on the same leaflet) in 140 (28%) patients and most complex (bileaflet repair or mitral annular calcification excision with atrioventricular groove repair) in 120 (24%) patients. Concomitant procedures included: left appendage closure (94.8%), patent foramen ovale/atrial septal defect (PFO/ASD) closure (19.6%), cryoablation (19.4%), tricuspid repair (6.2%) or hybrid percutaneous coronary revascularization (7.8%). The overall repair rate was 99.4%, with 0.6% early mortality and 1.2% stroke rate (0.2% permanent neurological deficit). Case complexity increased with our experience. Despite an increase in aortic occlusion and perfusion times (median 86.5 and 125 min) and a slight decrease in operating room extubation rate (overall 64%), length of hospital stay (median 4 days) and 30-day readmission rate (overall 3.6%) were not affected by the progressive inclusion of more complex cases.CONCLUSIONSTotally endoscopic robotic MV repair performed by a dedicated team allows one to address the entire spectrum of pathological complexity and provides consistent results.
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De Palo M, Quagliara T, Dachille A, Carrozzo A, Giardinelli F, Mureddu S, Mastro F, Rotunno C, Paparella D. Trials Comparing Percutaneous And Surgical Myocardial Revascularization: A Review. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2019; 14:95-105. [PMID: 30706789 DOI: 10.2174/1574887114666190201102353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemic heart diseases are the major leading cause of death worldwide. Revascularization procedures dramatically reduced the overall risk for death related to acute coronary syndromes. Two kinds of myocardial revascularization can grossly be outlined: percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and surgical coronary artery bypass graft intervention (CABG). The net clinical benefit coming from these two kinds of procedures is still under debate. METHODS We have traced the state-of-the-art background about myocardial revascularization procedures by comparing the most important trials dealing with the evaluation of percutaneous interventions versus a surgical approach to coronary artery diseases. RESULTS Both PCI and CABG have become effective treatments for revascularization of patients suffering from advanced CAD. The advance in technology and procedural techniques made PCI an attractive and, to some extent, more reliable procedure in the context of CAD. However, there are still patients that cannot undergo PCI and have to be rather directed towards CABG. CONCLUSION CABG still remains the best strategy for the treatment of multiple vessel CAD due to improved results in term of survival and freedom from reintervention. Anyway, a systematic, multidisciplinary approach to revascularization is the fundamental behaviour to be chased in order to effectively help the patients in overcoming its diseases. The creation of the "heart team" seems to be a good option for the correct treatment of patients suffering from stable and unstable CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela De Palo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mater Dei Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Quagliara
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Dachille
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Carrozzo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Giardinelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Simone Mureddu
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Florinda Mastro
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Paparella
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care and Research, Santa Maria Hospital, Bari, Italy
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Firstenberg M, Bouchard T, Subichin M. Fifty years of cardiac surgery: Innovation, evolution, and revolution in cardiovascular therapies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijam.ijam_49_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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