Nephrogenic adenoma of the bladder in children

Sodium hyaluronate in treatment of diffuse nephrogenic adenoma of the bladder in a child

Nephrogenic adenoma is a rare, benign lesion of the bladder, occurring as an epithelial response to chronic infection or trauma, probably arising from nephrogenic metaplasia. In contrast to nephrogenic adenomas in adults, who present with this tumor in the entire ureteral tract, it has been observed exclusively in the bladder of children thus far. We report and discuss here the case of a 12-year-old boy with diffuse calculus-producing nephrogenic adenoma successfully treated with sodium hyaluronate.

A case series of nephrogenic adenoma of the urethra and bladder in children: review of this rare diagnosis, its natural history and management, with reference to the literature

Nephrogenic adenoma (NA) is a rare benign tumour of the urinary tract and is found most commonly in the bladder. Here are presented four cases of paediatric NA, two bladder and two urethral. Their diagnostic and management features in the context of differential diagnosis and natural history are discussed. A 3-year-old girl presented with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and haematuria. She had undergone a previous hemi-nephro-ureterectomy. An ultrasound scan suggested a large bladder tumour, which was biopsied cystoscopically, and histology confirmed an NA. She then underwent open resection of the tumour. A 4-year-old girl presented with recurrent UTIs and a history of previous bilateral duplex ureterostomies and subsequent trans-uretero-ureterostomy with ureteric re-implantation. A cystoscopy showed a papillary tumour, which was confirmed as NA on histology. An 11-year-old boy presented with haematuria and dysuria and no other relevant history. At urethroscopy a ragged area biopsied in the bulbar urethra showed NA. A 7-year-old boy presented with haematuria and no other relevant history. At urethroscopy an inflamed nodular area was biopsied and nephrogenic adenoma confirmed. In the two bladder cases, but not the urethral cases, a causative factor could be identified. Recurrence was noted in both of the bladder cases. The urethral cases had persistent symptoms suggestive of continuing NA. Treatment consisted of endoscopic and open ablation of the tumours, and endoscopic fulguration of recurrences for the bladder cases, and surveillance for the urethral cases. Only two previous cases of urethral and 25 cases of bladder NA have been reported in children.

Calculus-producing and cytomegalovirus-infected nephrogenic adenoma of the bladder in a prepubertal renal transplant recipient

A 14-year-old prepubertal boy, a renal transplant recipient, was treated for a nephrogenic adenoma. His case is unique in that he is the second youngest renal transplant recipient diagnosed with a nephrogenic adenoma. In addition, the lesion was calculus producing, which has not been previously described, and contained cytomegalovirus inclusions, which has been described only once previously in association with a nephrogenic adenoma in a transplant patient.

Considerazioni su un caso di adenoma nefrogenico della vescica associato a tbc urinaria: Considerations on a case of nephrogenic adenoma of the bladder associated with urinary tuberculosis

A nephrogenic bladder adenoma case is reported in a 64-year-old man with urinary tbc. This association has never been reported in literature. From the pathogenetic point of view, it can be included in Mostofi's hypothesis, which considers chronic phlogosis as the input for urothelial metaplasia.