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Szymańska M, Majerz I. Prototropy, Intramolecular Interactions, Electron Delocalization, and Physicochemical Properties of 1,8-dihydroxy-9-anthrone-DFT-D3 Study of Substituent Effects. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010344. [PMID: 36615539 PMCID: PMC9822037 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
1,8-dihydroxy-9-anthrone are tricyclic compounds with a ketone group in the middle ring and two hydroxyl groups substituted in the side-aromatic rings what results in formation of two intramolecular hydrogen bonds in which the oxygen atom from the ketone group is the proton acceptor. 1,8-dihydroxy-9-anthrones in which intramolecular proton transfer between C10 and CO in the middle ring occurs, can exist in a tautomeric keto-enol equilibrium. For anthralin, the most important representative of this group, this equilibrium has been studied previously, but it has not been studied for its derivatives. Substituents in the middle ring change the geometry of 1,8-dihydroxy-9-anthrones so they are also expected to affect the keto-enol equilibrium. It is also important to study the effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonds on the structure of both tautomeric forms. It was found that the nature of the substituent in the middle ring could affect the antioxidant properties of the investigated compound.
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Marrero-Carballo R, Tun-Rosado F, Mena-Rejón GJ, Cáceres-Castillo D, Barroso J, Murillo F, Merino G, Quijano-Quiñones RF. The base-catalyzed keto-enol tautomerism of chrysophanol anthrone. A DFT investigation of the base-catalyzed reaction. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2019.1581937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Marrero-Carballo
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Fernando Tun-Rosado
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Gonzalo J. Mena-Rejón
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - David Cáceres-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Jorge Barroso
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Mérida, México
| | - Fernando Murillo
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Mérida, México
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Mérida, México
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Korth HG, Mulder P. Anthrone and related hydroxyarenes: tautomerization and hydrogen bonding. J Org Chem 2013; 78:7674-82. [PMID: 23815684 DOI: 10.1021/jo401243b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The keto-enolization of hydroxyl-substituted naphthols and 9-anthrols has been investigated by means of CBS-QB3 calculations. An excellent agreement between experiment and theory is found for the energetics for the anthrone (5) ⇌ anthrol (6) equilibrium, with an enthalpy of tautomerization, Δ(t)H, of 3.8 kcal mol(-1). In contrast, 1-naphthol is the preferred tautomer with a Δ(t)H = -9.0 kcal mol(-1). Substitution of the hydrogens at the adjacent carbons by hydroxyl groups leads to the formation of strong intramolecular hydrogen bonds within a six-membered ring in the enones and the enols. Due to the difference in the intramolecular hydrogen bond enthalpy, Δ(HB)H(intra), the equilibrium shifts further to the enone. Thus, for 1,8-dihydroxy-anthrone (anthralin, dithranol) Δ(t)H increases to 12.7 kcal mol(-1) with an enol/enone ratio of 10(-10). The solvent effect on the 5 ⇌ 6 equilibrium has been quantified by considering the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bond(s), leading to an acidity parameter α₂(H) for anthrol of 0.42. It is shown that the hydrogen bond donating ability of bulk methanol is greatly attenuated through the formation of cyclic oligomers. The benzylic and phenolic bond dissociation enthalpies for anthrone up to anthralin suggest some antioxidant potency but the precise (radical) mechanism of action remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Gert Korth
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
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Schätzle MA, Husain SM, Ferlaino S, Müller M. Tautomers of Anthrahydroquinones: Enzymatic Reduction and Implications for Chrysophanol, Monodictyphenone, and Related Xanthone Biosyntheses. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:14742-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja307151x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Schätzle
- Institut
für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Syed Masood Husain
- Institut
für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Ferlaino
- Institut
für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Müller
- Institut
für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Tsaplev YB, Vasil’ev RF. Polychrome luminescence and photochromic transformations in anthrone solutions. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s0018143906030076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Photoinduced Chemiluminescence in 9-Anthrone Solution. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10733-005-0044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Fujii T, Tanaka N, Kodaira K, Kawai Y, Yamashita H, Anpo M. Effect of transition metals on photoinduced proton transfer from anthrone to 9-anthrol in glasses prepared by the sol–gel method. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(99)00093-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Fujii T, Mishima S, Tanaka N, Kawauchi O, Kodaira K, Nishikiori H, Kawai Y. Absorption and fluorescence spectra of 9-anthrol and its chemical species in solution. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 1997. [DOI: 10.1163/156856797x00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Redmond R, Scaiano J. Re-examination of the photochemistry of anthrone in solution: evidence for highly reactive self-quenching. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(89)87119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Netto-Ferreira J, Weir D, Scaiano J. Effect of ring structure on the photoreactivity of benzophenone-like molecules: a laser photolysis study of 10,10-dimethylanthrone and dibenzosuberone. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(89)87016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fujii T, Hirano M, Uno Y, Suzuki S, Hirakawa K. The Influence of Molecular Conformation on the Electronic Relaxation Processes. Complex Formation in the Ground State and Triple Fluorescences of 6-Acetoxyspiro[aceanthyrylene- 2(1H),9′(10′H)-anthracene]-10′-one. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1987. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.60.4209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Scaiano J, Lee CW, Chow YL, Buono-Core GE. Laser flash studies of the photochemistry of anthrone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0047-2670(82)87038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Geiger W. 1,8-Dihydroxyanthron und zwei isomere 1,1′,8,8′-Tetrahydroxy-10,10′-bianthrone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19741070920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mauser H, Gauglitz G. Absorptionsspektroskopische Methode zur kinetischen Untersuchung der Photooxidation von Anthron. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1973. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19731060626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Inoue H, Nakamura T, Igarashi T. The Dichroic Spectra of Hydroxy Derivatives of Naphthalene, Anthracene, and Phenanthrene in Polyvinylalcohol Sheets. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1971. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.44.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Haller R, Hänsel W. [Keto-enol tautomerism in heterocyclic beta-ketocarbonic acid esters. 8. Influence of the solvent and basic catalysators on the equilibrium and restoration velocity]. ARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE UND BERICHTE DER DEUTSCHEN PHARMAZEUTISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT 1971; 304:140-7. [PMID: 5280214 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19713040210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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