1
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Kang B, Yasuno Y, Okamura H, Sakai A, Satoh T, Kuse M, Shinada T. N-Acylcarbazole as a Selective Transamidation Reagent. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bubwoong Kang
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yoko Yasuno
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Hironori Okamura
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Asumi Sakai
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Satoh
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Masaki Kuse
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shinada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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2
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Ta L, Sundén H. Oxidative organocatalytic chemoselective N-acylation of heterocycles with aromatic and conjugated aldehydes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:531-534. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08672e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative organocatalytic acylation of indoles with aldehydes serves as an alternative to sensitive acyl chlorides and coupling agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ta
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology
- Kemivägen 10
- Sweden
| | - Henrik Sundén
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology
- Kemivägen 10
- Sweden
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3
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Wessjohann LA, Morejón MC, Ojeda GM, Rhoden CRB, Rivera DG. Applications of Convertible Isonitriles in the Ligation and Macrocyclization of Multicomponent Reaction-Derived Peptides and Depsipeptides. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6535-45. [PMID: 27390908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Peptide ligation and macrocyclization are among the most relevant approaches in the field of peptide chemistry. Whereas a variety of strategies relying on coupling reagents and native chemical ligation are available, there is a continuous need for efficient peptide ligation and cyclization methods. Herein we report on the utilization of convertible isonitriles as effective synthetic tools for the ligation and macrocyclization of peptides arising from isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions. The strategy relies on the use of convertible isonitriles-derived from Fukuyama amines-and peptide carboxylic acids in Ugi and Passerini reactions to afford N-alkylated peptides and depsipeptides, respectively, followed by conversion of the C-terminal amide onto either N-peptidoacyl indoles or pyrroles. Such activated peptides proved efficient in the ligation to peptidic, lipidic and fluorescently labeled amines and in macrocyclization protocols. As a result, a wide set of N-substituted peptides (with methyl, glycosyl and amino acids as N-substituents), cyclic N-methylated peptides and a depsipeptide were produced in good yields using conditions that involve either classical heating or microwave irradiation. This report improves the repertoire of peptide covalent modification methods by exploiting the synthetic potential of multicomponent reactions and convertible isonitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Micjel C Morejón
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Gerardo M Ojeda
- Center for Natural Products Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana , Zapata y G, 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Cristiano R B Rhoden
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Daniel G Rivera
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry , Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
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4
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Spallarossa M, Wang Q, Riva R, Zhu J. Synthesis of Vinyl Isocyanides and Development of a Convertible Isonitrile. Org Lett 2016; 18:1622-5. [PMID: 26981872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of isocyanomethylenetriphenylphosphorane, generated in situ from the corresponding phosphonium salt, with a diverse set of aldehydes afforded vinyl isocyanides in good to high yields. Excellent E-selectivity was observed for aliphatic aldehydes and 2,6-disubstituted aromatic aldehydes, whereas Z-olefins were formed predominantly with ortho-substituted aryl aldehydes. (Z)-1-Bromo-2-(2-isocyanovinyl)benzene (5l) was found to be a truly universal isonitrile since, after Ugi reaction, the resulting secondary amide unit (RNHCO-) is convertible under both acidic and basic conditions. The application of 5l in the synthesis of polyheterocycles is also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Spallarossa
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova , Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Renata Riva
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova , Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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5
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George DT, Kuenstner EJ, Pronin SV. A Concise Approach to Paxilline Indole Diterpenes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15410-3. [PMID: 26593869 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic approach to paxilline indole diterpenes is described. The route to the pentacyclic core relies on a new regioselective alkenylation of ketones and a tandem radical addition-aldol reaction sequence to access vicinal quaternary stereocenters. Emindole SB, the simplest member of the family, is synthesized in 11 steps from commercially available material to demonstrate the application of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T George
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Eric J Kuenstner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sergey V Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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6
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Xu Z, Wang Q, Zhu J. Total Syntheses of (-)-Mersicarpine, (-)-Scholarisine G, (+)-Melodinine E, (-)-Leuconoxine, (-)-Leuconolam, (-)-Leuconodine A, (+)-Leuconodine F, and (-)-Leuconodine C: Self-Induced Diastereomeric Anisochronism (SIDA) Phenomenon for Scholarisine G and Leuconodines A and C. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6712-24. [PMID: 25946614 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective total syntheses of title natural products from a common cyclohexenone derivative (S)-18 were reported. Ozonolysis of (S)-18 afforded a stable diketo ester (R)-17 that was subsequently converted to two skeletally different natural products, i.e., (-)-mersicarpine (8) with a [6.5.6.7] fused tetracyclic ring system and (-)-scholarisine G (9) with a [6.5.6.6.5] fused pentacyclic skeleton, respectively. The postcyclization diversification was realized by taking advantage of the facile conversion of (+)-melodinine E (6) to N-acyliminium ion 7, from which a hydroxy group was selectively introduced to the C6, C7, C10 and the central C21 position of diazafenestrane system, leading to (-)-leuconodine A (11), (+)-leuconodine F (12), (-)-scholarisine G (9), (-)-leuconodine C (13), and skeletally different (-)-leuconolam (5). Furthermore, an unprecedented non-natural oxabridged oxadiazafenestrane 68 was formed by oxidation of (+)-melodinine E (6). During the course of this study, a strong self-induced diastereomeric anisochronism (SIDA) phenomenon was observed for scholarisine G (9), leuconodines A (11) and C (13). X-ray structures of both the racemic and the enantiopure natural products 9, 11, and 13 were obtained. The different crystal packing of these two forms nicely explained the chemical shift differences observed in the (1)H NMR spectra of the racemic and the enantio-enriched compounds in an achiral environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengren Xu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Vasudevan N, Kashinath K, Reddy DS. Total Synthesis of Deoxy-solomonamide B by Mimicking Biogenesis. Org Lett 2014; 16:6148-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503011g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Vasudevan
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Division
of Organic Chemistry, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - K. Kashinath
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Division
of Organic Chemistry, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - D. Srinivasa Reddy
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Division
of Organic Chemistry, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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8
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Vamos M, Welsh K, Finlay D, Lee PS, Mace PD, Snipas SJ, Gonzalez ML, Ganji SR, Ardecky RJ, Riedl SJ, Salvesen GS, Vuori K, Reed JC, Cosford NDP. Expedient synthesis of highly potent antagonists of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) with unique selectivity for ML-IAP. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:725-32. [PMID: 23323685 DOI: 10.1021/cb3005512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel, potent antagonists of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) were synthesized in a highly convergent and rapid fashion (≤6 steps) using the Ugi four-component reaction as the key step, thus enabling rapid optimization of binding potency. These IAP antagonists compete with caspases 3, 7, and 9 for inhibition by X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and bind strongly (nanomolar binding constants) to several crucial members of the IAP family of cancer pro-survival proteins to promote apoptosis, with a particularly unique selectivity for melanoma IAP (ML-IAP). Experiments in cell culture revealed powerful cancer cell growth inhibitory activity in multiple (breast, ovarian, and prostate) cell lines with single agent toxicity at low nanomolar levels against SKOV-3 human ovarian carcinoma cells. Administration of the compounds to human foreskin fibroblast cells revealed no general toxicity to normal cells. Furthermore, computational modeling was performed, revealing key contacts between the IAP proteins and antagonists, suggesting a structural basis for the observed potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Vamos
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Kate Welsh
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Darren Finlay
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Pooi San Lee
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Peter D. Mace
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Scott J. Snipas
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Monica L. Gonzalez
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Santhi Reddy Ganji
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Robert J. Ardecky
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Stefan J. Riedl
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Guy S. Salvesen
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Kristiina Vuori
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - John C. Reed
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
| | - Nicholas D. P. Cosford
- Program in Apoptosis and Cell Death and NCI Designated
Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United
States
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9
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Jiao L, Herdtweck E, Bach T. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Regioselective 2-Alkylation of Indoles via a Norbornene-Mediated C–H Activation: Mechanism and Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:14563-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3058138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiao
- Lehrstuhl
für Organische Chemie I and Catalysis
Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching,
Germany
| | - Eberhardt Herdtweck
- Lehrstuhl
für Organische Chemie I and Catalysis
Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching,
Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Lehrstuhl
für Organische Chemie I and Catalysis
Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching,
Germany
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10
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Fuwa H. Total Synthesis of Tetrahydropyran-Containing Natural Products Exploiting Intramolecular Oxa-Conjugate Cyclization. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-12-730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Fuwa H, Ichinokawa N, Noto K, Sasaki M. Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,6-Cis-Substituted Tetrahydropyrans: Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxa-Conjugate Cyclization of α,β-Unsaturated Ester Surrogates. J Org Chem 2011; 77:2588-607. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202179s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Fuwa
- Graduate
School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577,
Japan
| | - Naoki Ichinokawa
- Graduate
School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577,
Japan
| | - Kenkichi Noto
- Graduate
School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577,
Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Graduate
School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577,
Japan
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12
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Danielsson M, Wahlström K, Undén A. Protection of the indole nucleus of tryptophan in solid-phase peptide synthesis with a dipeptide that can be cleaved rapidly at physiological pH. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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A new protecting group for tryptophan in solid-phase peptide synthesis which protects against acid-catalyzed side reactions and facilitates purification by HPLC. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Maki BE, Scheidt KA. Single-flask synthesis of N-acylated indoles by catalytic dehydrogenative coupling with primary alcohols. Org Lett 2009; 11:1651-4. [PMID: 19320508 DOI: 10.1021/ol900306v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Indoles and alcohols can be coupled in a dehydrogenative process catalyzed by tetrapropylammonium perruthenate. This efficient approach to indolylamides proceeds in a single flask under mild conditions. By employing substituted indoles and alkyl, branched, or benzylic alcohols, a variety of indolylamides can be formed. Aryl indolylamides can be functionalized through an additional dehydrogenative coupling to furnish elaborated polycyclic heterocycles similar to biologically active structures previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooks E Maki
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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15
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Shahrisa A, Ghasemi Z, Saraei M. Synthesis of 2,6-bis(1H-indole-6-yl)-4H-pyran-4-onesviaLeimgruber-Batcho indole synthesis. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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16
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Isaacson J, Kobayashi Y. An Ugi Reaction in the Total Synthesis of (−)-Dysibetaine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200805709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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17
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Isaacson J, Kobayashi Y. An Ugi Reaction in the Total Synthesis of (−)-Dysibetaine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1845-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200805709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Gilley CB, Buller MJ, Kobayashi Y. Synthesis of Proteasome Inhibitor Omuralide Featuring Stereocontrolled Ugi Reaction and Novel Convertible Isocyanide. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2009. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.67.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Li K, Tunge JA. Reduction of pyrrolyl- and indolylamides with BH3 x THF: cyclodeoxygenation versus deoxygenation. J Org Chem 2008; 73:8651-3. [PMID: 18841912 DOI: 10.1021/jo801627z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report that borane reductions of acylpyrroles and acylindoles that contain a pendant phenol take two different paths. Acylpyrroles undergo a reductive cyclization to make unusual chromanyl pyrroles. Treatment of related acylindoles under identical conditions results in deoxygenation without cyclization. The results are interpreted in terms of relative rates of cyclization and reduction of intermediate carbenium ions, where cyclization of the indole-stabilized carbenium ion is slower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Li
- Department of Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 2010 Malott Hall, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582, USA
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20
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Scott MS, Lucas AC, Luckhurst CA, Prodger JC, Dixon DJ. Ligand-mediated enantioselective addition of lithium carbazolates to aldehydes. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:1313-27. [PMID: 16557320 DOI: 10.1039/b515356e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of acyclic pyrrole, indole and other N-carbazole carbinols via ligand-mediated addition of lithium carbazolates to aldehydes, together with studies into their catalytic enantioselective synthesis using substoichiometric base and ligand, are reported. The subsequent exploitation of the resulting stereocentre as a controlling element in 1,3-syn- and anti-selective reduction of beta-ketones and elaboration to homoallylic alcohols is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Scott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 1EW
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21
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Abstract
[reaction: see text]. Inter- and intramolecular titanium-mediated coupling reactions of N-acylpyrroles are reported for convenient functionalization of terminal olefins. Comparison with the Kulinkovich reaction of esters and other carboxylic acid derivatives is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg L Epstein
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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22
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Faul MM, Grutsch JL, Kobierski ME, Kopach ME, Krumrich CA, Staszak MA, Udodong U, Vicenzi JT, Sullivan KA. Strategies for the synthesis of N-(azacycloalkyl)bisindolylmaleimides: selective inhibitors of PKCβ. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00973-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Kobayashi K, Yoneda K, Mizumoto T, Umakoshi H, Morikawa O, Konishi H. Synthesis of 3-methoxyquinolines via cyclization of 1-isocyano-2-(2-lithio-2-methoxyethenyl)benzenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)01040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Evans DA, Borg G, Scheidt KA. Remarkably Stable Tetrahedral Intermediates: Carbinols from Nucleophilic Additions toN���Acylpyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20020902)114:17<3320::aid-ange3320>3.0.co;2-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Evans DA, Borg G, Scheidt KA. Remarkably stable tetrahedral intermediates: carbinols from nucleophilic additions to N-acylpyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002; 41:3188-91. [PMID: 12207385 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20020902)41:17<3188::aid-anie3188>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A Evans
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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