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Barbosa da Cruz D, Helms J, Aquino LR, Stiel L, Cougourdan L, Broussard C, Chafey P, Riès-Kautt M, Meziani F, Toti F, Gaussem P, Anglés-Cano E. DNA-bound elastase of neutrophil extracellular traps degrades plasminogen, reduces plasmin formation, and decreases fibrinolysis: proof of concept in septic shock plasma. FASEB J 2019; 33:14270-14280. [PMID: 31682515 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901363rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Activation of platelets and neutrophils in septic shock results in the formation of microvascular clots containing an intricate scaffold of fibrin with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) DNA. NETs contain multiple components that might impact endogenous fibrinolysis, resulting in failure to lyse clots in the microcirculation and residual systemic microthrombosis. We propose herein that the reservoir of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) on NETs may directly interfere with the fibrinolytic mechanism via a plasminogen proteolytic pathway. To investigate this mechanism, we constructed fibrin-NETs matrices by seeding and activating neutrophils onto a fibrin surface and monitored plasminogen activation or degradation. We demonstrate that the elastase activity of HNE-DNA complexes is protected from inhibition by plasma antiproteases and sustains its ability to degrade plasminogen. Using mass spectrometry proteomic analysis, we identified plasminogen fragments composed of kringle (K) domains (K1+2+3, k1+2+3+4) and the serine protease (SP) region (K5-SP). We further demonstrate that patients with septic shock with disseminated intravascular coagulation have circulating HNE-DNA complexes, HNE-derived plasminogen fragments, a low plasminogen concentration, and a reduced capacity to generate plasmin onto fibrin. In conclusion, we show that NETs bearing active HNE-DNA complexes reduce plasminogen into fragments, thus impairing fibrinolysis by decreasing the local plasminogen concentration, plasminogen binding to fibrin, and localized plasmin formation.-Barbosa da Cruz, D., Helms, J., Aquino, L. R., Stiel, L., Cougourdan, L., Broussard, C., Chafey, P., Riès-Kautt, M., Meziani, F., Toti, F., Gaussem, P., Anglés-Cano, E. DNA-bound elastase of neutrophil extracellular traps degrades plasminogen, reduces plasmin formation, and decreases fibrinolysis: proof of concept in septic shock plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Barbosa da Cruz
- Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S 1140, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Julie Helms
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lluvia Ramírez Aquino
- Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S 1140, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laure Stiel
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Regenerative Nanomedicine, INSERM UMR_S 1260, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lucas Cougourdan
- Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S 1140, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cedric Broussard
- Plateforme Protéomique 3P5, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut Cochin, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Chafey
- Plateforme Protéomique 3P5, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut Cochin, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Madeleine Riès-Kautt
- Plateforme Protéomique 3P5, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Institut Cochin, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ferhat Meziani
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Regenerative Nanomedicine, INSERM UMR_S 1260, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Florence Toti
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, INSERM UMR_S 1260, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascale Gaussem
- Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S 1140, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Eduardo Anglés-Cano
- Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S 1140, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Pietrocola G, Nobile G, Gianotti V, Zapotoczna M, Foster TJ, Geoghegan JA, Speziale P. Molecular Interactions of Human Plasminogen with Fibronectin-binding Protein B (FnBPB), a Fibrinogen/Fibronectin-binding Protein from Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:18148-62. [PMID: 27387503 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.731125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal bacterium that has the ability to cause superficial and deep-seated infections. Like several other invasive pathogens, S. aureus can capture plasminogen from the human host where it can be converted to plasmin by host plasminogen activators or by endogenously expressed staphylokinase. This study demonstrates that sortase-anchored cell wall-associated proteins are responsible for capturing the bulk of bound plasminogen. Two cell wall-associated proteins, the fibrinogen- and fibronectin-binding proteins A and B, were found to bind plasminogen, and one of them, FnBPB, was studied in detail. Plasminogen captured on the surface of S. aureus- or Lactococcus lactis-expressing FnBPB could be activated to the potent serine protease plasmin by staphylokinase and tissue plasminogen activator. Plasminogen bound to recombinant FnBPB with a KD of 0.532 μm as determined by surface plasmon resonance. Plasminogen binding did not to occur by the same mechanism through which FnBPB binds to fibrinogen. Indeed, FnBPB could bind both ligands simultaneously indicating that their binding sites do not overlap. The N3 subdomain of FnBPB contains the full plasminogen-binding site, and this includes, at least in part, two conserved patches of surface-located lysine residues that were recognized by kringle 4 of the host protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampiero Pietrocola
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy and
| | - Giulia Nobile
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy and
| | - Valentina Gianotti
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy and
| | - Marta Zapotoczna
- the Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Timothy J Foster
- the Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Joan A Geoghegan
- the Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Pietro Speziale
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy and
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3
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Agarwal V, Talens S, Grandits AM, Blom AM. A Novel Interaction between Complement Inhibitor C4b-binding Protein and Plasminogen That Enhances Plasminogen Activation. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:18333-42. [PMID: 26067271 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.619494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement, coagulation, and fibrinolytic systems are crucial for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. To date numerous interactions and cross-talks have been identified between these cascades. In line with this, here we propose a novel, hitherto unknown interaction between the complement inhibitor C4b-binding protein (C4BP) and plasminogen of the fibrinolytic pathway. Binding of C4BP to Streptococcus pneumoniae is a known virulence mechanism of this pathogen and it was increased in the presence of plasminogen. Interestingly, the acute phase variant of C4BP lacking the β-chain and protein S binds plasminogen much stronger than the main isoform containing the β-chain and protein S. Indeed, the complement control protein (CCP) 8 domain of C4BP, which would otherwise be sterically hindered by the β-chain, primarily mediates this interaction. Moreover, the lysine-binding sites in plasminogen kringle domains facilitate the C4BP-plasminogen interaction. Furthermore, C4BP readily forms complexes with plasminogen in fluid phase and such complexes are present in human serum and plasma. Importantly, whereas the presence of plasminogen did not affect the factor I cofactor activity of C4BP, the activation of plasminogen by urokinase-type plasminogen activator to active plasmin was significantly augmented in the presence of C4BP. Taken together, our data demonstrate a novel interaction between two proteins of the complement and fibrinolytic system. Most complexes might be formed during the acute phase of inflammation and have an effect on the homeostasis at the site of injury or acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Agarwal
- From the Medical Protein Chemistry, Translational Medicine, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Simone Talens
- From the Medical Protein Chemistry, Translational Medicine, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Alexander M Grandits
- From the Medical Protein Chemistry, Translational Medicine, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna M Blom
- From the Medical Protein Chemistry, Translational Medicine, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
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Fulde M, Bernardo-García N, Rohde M, Nachtigall N, Frank R, Preissner KT, Klett J, Morreale A, Chhatwal GS, Hermoso JA, Bergmann S. Pneumococcal phosphoglycerate kinase interacts with plasminogen and its tissue activator. Thromb Haemost 2013; 111:401-16. [PMID: 24196407 DOI: 10.1160/th13-05-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is not only a commensal of the nasopharyngeal epithelium, but may also cause life-threatening diseases. Immune-electron microscopy studies revealed that the bacterial glycolytic enzyme, phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), is localised on the pneumococcal surface of both capsulated and non-capsulated strains and colocalises with plasminogen. Since pneumococci may concentrate host plasminogen (PLG) together with its activators on the bacterial cell surface to facilitate the formation of plasmin, the involvement of PGK in this process was studied. Specific binding of human or murine PLG to strain-independent PGK was documented, and surface plasmon resonance analyses indicated a high affinity interaction with the kringle domains 1-4 of PLG. Crystal structure determination of pneumococcal PGK together with peptide array analysis revealed localisation of PLG-binding site in the N-terminal region and provided structural motifs for the interaction with PLG. Based on structural analysis data, a potential interaction of PGK with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was proposed and experimentally confirmed by binding studies, plasmin activity assays and thrombus degradation analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S Bergmann
- Simone Bergmann, PhD, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany, Tel.: +49 531 391 5818, Fax: +49 531 391 5854, E-mail:
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5
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Alam SR, Newby DE, Henriksen PA. Role of the endogenous elastase inhibitor, elafin, in cardiovascular injury. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 83:695-704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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SCM, a novel M-like protein from Streptococcus canis, binds (mini)-plasminogen with high affinity and facilitates bacterial transmigration. Biochem J 2011; 434:523-35. [PMID: 21210764 DOI: 10.1042/bj20101121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus canis is an important zoonotic pathogen capable of causing serious invasive diseases in domestic animals and humans. In the present paper we report the binding of human plasminogen to S. canis and the recruitment of proteolytically active plasmin on its surface. The binding receptor for plasminogen was identified as a novel M-like protein designated SCM (S. canis M-like protein). SPR (surface plasmon resonance) analyses, radioactive dot-blot analyses and heterologous expression on the surface of Streptococcus gordonii confirmed the plasminogen-binding capability of SCM. The binding domain was located within the N-terminus of SCM, which specifically bound to the C-terminal part of plasminogen (mini-plasminogen) comprising kringle domain 5 and the catalytic domain. In the presence of urokinase, SCM mediated plasminogen activation on the bacterial surface that was inhibited by serine protease inhibitors and lysine amino acid analogues. Surface-bound plasmin effectively degraded purified fibrinogen as well as fibrin clots, resulting in the dissolution of fibrin thrombi. Electron microscopic illustration and time-lapse imaging demonstrated bacterial transmigration through fibrinous thrombi. The present study has led, for the first time, to the identification of SCM as a novel receptor for (mini)-plasminogen mediating the fibrinolytic activity of S. canis.
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Zhao J, Pan R, He J, Liu Y, Li DF, He RQ. Eisenia fetida protease-III-1 functions in both fibrinolysis and fibrogenesis. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2007:97654. [PMID: 17641727 PMCID: PMC1906707 DOI: 10.1155/2007/97654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2006] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The fibrinolytic function of earthworm protease-III-1 (Ef P-III-1) has been studied in recent years. Here, we found that Ef P-III-1 acted not only in fibrinogenolysis, but also in fibrogenesis. We have used Ef P-III-1 to hydrolyze fibrinogen, and to activate plasminogen and prothrombin. Based on the N-terminal sequences of the hydrolytic fragments, Ef P-III-1 was showed to specifically recognize the carboxylic sites of arginine and lysine. Analyses by fibrinogenolysis mapping and amino acid sequencing revealed that the isozyme could cleave the alpha, beta, and gamma chains of fibrinogen, showing a high α-fibrinogenase, moderate β-fibrinogenase, and low γ-fibrinogenase activities. Interestingly, Ef P-III-1 activated plasminogen and released active plasmin, suggesting a tPA-like function. Furthermore, Ef P-III-1 showed a factor Xa-like function on prothrombin, producing alpha-thrombin. The function in both activating prothrombin and catalyzing fibrinogenolysis suggests that Ef P-III-1 may play a role in the balance between procoagulation and anticoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Baiao Pharmaceuticals Beijing C.L., Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Da Tun Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100101, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Rong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Baiao Pharmaceuticals Beijing C.L., Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Da Tun Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100101, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Baiao Pharmaceuticals Beijing C.L., Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Da Tun Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100101, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Baiao Pharmaceuticals Beijing C.L., Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Da Tun Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100101, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Dong-Feng Li
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Rong-Qiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Baiao Pharmaceuticals Beijing C.L., Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Da Tun Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100101, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
- *Rong-Qiao He:
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Hayashi M, Matsuzaki Y, Shimonaka M. Impact of plasminogen on an in vitro wound healing model based on a perfusion cell culture system. Mol Cell Biochem 2008; 322:1-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-008-9934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Lichy C, Wagner S, Hacke W, Grau AJ. Thrombolytic properties of leukocytes from peripheral blood in healthy subjects and in patients with acute cerebral ischemia. Thromb Res 2000; 98:29-37. [PMID: 10706931 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(99)00218-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are activated in acute ischemic stroke. Activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes may contribute to thrombolysis by proteolytic degradation of fibrin and by modification of the plasminogen system. We used an in vitro thrombolysis model to investigate (1) thrombolytic properties of leukocytes in young and healthy subjects, (2) to test the hypothesis of increased polymorphonuclear leukocyte-associated thrombolysis in patients with acute cerebral ischemia, and (3) to assess plasminogen-dependent and -independent thrombolytic properties of polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase. Coincubation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with fibrin clots led to increased thrombolysis, a process reaching statistical significance after 8 hours [1x10(7) polymorphonuclear leukocytes/mL; 12.8+/-1.9% (mean+/-SEM), spontaneous clot lysis: 7.3+/-0.7%]. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes inside clots caused more efficient thrombolysis than polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the incubation medium. Spontaneous and polymorphonuclear leukocyte-associated lysis tended to be lower in patients with acute cerebral ischemia (n=9, 24 hours, 9.5+/-1.8% and 12.9+/-2.2%) than in age- and sex-matched control subjects (n=8; 12.2+/-2.0% and 17.4+/-1.9%). In the presence of alpha(2)-antiplasmin, thrombolysis tended to be faster with elastase-digested plasminogen (miniplasminogen) than with native plasminogen. Purified polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase itself had no thrombolytic effect. We conclude that the thrombolytic capacity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from peripheral blood is small and slow and may have been overestimated in previous reports. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte thrombolytic activity may not be increased in acute cerebral ischemia. Miniplasminogen may be an interesting adjunct to plasminogen activators in acute stroke models.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lichy
- Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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