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Santorella E, Balsbaugh JL, Ge S, Saboori P, Baker D, Pachter JS. Proteomic interrogation of the meninges reveals the molecular identities of structural components and regional distinctions along the CNS axis. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:74. [PMID: 37858244 PMCID: PMC10588166 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00473-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The meninges surround the brain and spinal cord, affording physical protection while also serving as a niche of neuroimmune activity. Though possessing stromal qualities, its complex cellular and extracellular makeup has yet to be elaborated, and it remains unclear whether the meninges vary along the neuroaxis. Hence, studies were carried-out to elucidate the protein composition and structural organization of brain and spinal cord meninges in normal, adult Biozzi ABH mice. First, shotgun, bottom-up proteomics was carried-out. Prominent proteins at both brain and spinal levels included Type II collagen and Type II keratins, representing extracellular matrix (ECM) and cytoskeletal categories, respectively. While the vast majority of total proteins detected was shared between both meningeal locales, more were uniquely detected in brain than in spine. This pattern was also seen when total proteins were subdivided by cellular compartment, except in the case of the ECM category where brain and spinal meninges each had near equal number of unique proteins, and Type V and type III collagen registered exclusively in the spine. Quantitative analysis revealed differential expression of several collagens and cytoskeletal proteins between brain and spinal meninges. High-resolution immunofluorescence and immunogold-scanning electronmicroscopy on sections from whole brain and spinal cord - still encased within bone -identified major proteins detected by proteomics, and highlighted their association with cellular and extracellular elements of variously shaped arachnoid trabeculae. Western blotting aligned with the proteomic and immunohistological analyses, reinforcing differential appearance of proteins in brain vs spinal meninges. Results could reflect regional distinctions in meninges that govern protective and/or neuroimmune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Santorella
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jeremy L Balsbaugh
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Center for Open Research Resources & Equipment, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Shujun Ge
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Parisa Saboori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manhattan College, Bronx, NY, 10071, USA
| | - David Baker
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, England
| | - Joel S Pachter
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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2
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Schumacher D, Curaj A, Staudt M, Simsekyilmaz S, Kanzler I, Boor P, Klinkhammer BM, Li X, Bucur O, Kaabi A, Xu Y, Zheng H, Nilcham P, Schuh A, Rusu M, Liehn EA. Endogenous Modulation of Extracellular Matrix Collagen during Scar Formation after Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314571. [PMID: 36498897 PMCID: PMC9741070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is remains the leading cause of death in developed countries. Recent data show that the composition of the extracellular matrix might differ despite similar heart function and infarction sizes. Because collagen is the main component of the extracellular matrix, we hypothesized that changes in inflammatory cell recruitment influence the synthesis of different collagen subtypes in myofibroblasts, thus changing the composition of the scar. We found that neutrophils sustain the proliferation of fibroblasts, remodeling, differentiation, migration and inflammation, predominantly by IL-1 and PPARγ pathways (n = 3). They also significantly inhibit the mRNA expression of fibrillar collagen, maintaining a reduced stiffness in isolated myofibroblasts (n = 4-5). Reducing the neutrophil infiltration in CCR1-/- resulted in increased mRNA expression of collagen 11, moderate expression of collagen 19 and low expression of collagen 13 and 26 in the scar 4 weeks post infarction compared with other groups (n = 3). Mononuclear cells increased the synthesis of all collagen subtypes and upregulated the NF-kB, angiotensin II and PPARδ pathways (n = 3). They increased the synthesis of collagen subtypes 1, 3, 5, 16 and 23 but reduced the expression of collagens 5 and 16 (n = 3). CCR2-/- scar tissue showed higher levels of collagen 13 (n = 3), in association with a significant reduction in stiffness (n = 4-5). Upregulation of the inflammation-related genes in myofibroblasts mostly modulated the fibrillar collagen subtypes, with less effect on the FACIT, network-forming and globular subtypes (n = 3). The upregulation of proliferation and differentiation genes in myofibroblasts seemed to be associated only with the fibrillar collagen subtype, whereas angiogenesis-related genes are associated with fibrillar, network-forming and multiplexin subtypes. In conclusion, although we intend for our findings to deepen the understanding of the mechanism of healing after myocardial infarction and scar formation, the process of collagen synthesis is highly complex, and further intensive investigation is needed to put together all the missing puzzle pieces in this still incipient knowledge process.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schumacher
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Adelina Curaj
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mareike Staudt
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sakine Simsekyilmaz
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Isabella Kanzler
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute for Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Xiaofeng Li
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Octavian Bucur
- “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, 1 Boston Place, Ste 2600, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Adnan Kaabi
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yichen Xu
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Huabo Zheng
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Pakhwan Nilcham
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Schuh
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mihaela Rusu
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (E.A.L.); Tel.: +49-241-80-35984 (M.R.); +45-6550-4015 (E.A.L.)
| | - Elisa A. Liehn
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- National Heart Center Singapore, 5 Hospital Dr., Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (E.A.L.); Tel.: +49-241-80-35984 (M.R.); +45-6550-4015 (E.A.L.)
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3
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Faisal SM, Comba A, Varela ML, Argento AE, Brumley E, Abel C, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR. The complex interactions between the cellular and non-cellular components of the brain tumor microenvironmental landscape and their therapeutic implications. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1005069. [PMID: 36276147 PMCID: PMC9583158 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1005069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive high-grade glial tumor, is resistant to therapy and has a poor prognosis due to its universal recurrence rate. GBM cells interact with the non-cellular components in the tumor microenvironment (TME), facilitating their rapid growth, evolution, and invasion into the normal brain. Herein we discuss the complexity of the interactions between the cellular and non-cellular components of the TME and advances in the field as a whole. While the stroma of non-central nervous system (CNS) tissues is abundant in fibrillary collagens, laminins, and fibronectin, the normal brain extracellular matrix (ECM) predominantly includes proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans, with fibrillary components typically found only in association with the vasculature. However, recent studies have found that in GBMs, the microenvironment evolves into a more complex array of components, with upregulated collagen gene expression and aligned fibrillary ECM networks. The interactions of glioma cells with the ECM and the degradation of matrix barriers are crucial for both single-cell and collective invasion into neighboring brain tissue. ECM-regulated mechanisms also contribute to immune exclusion, resulting in a major challenge to immunotherapy delivery and efficacy. Glioma cells chemically and physically control the function of their environment, co-opting complex signaling networks for their own benefit, resulting in radio- and chemo-resistance, tumor recurrence, and cancer progression. Targeting these interactions is an attractive strategy for overcoming therapy resistance, and we will discuss recent advances in preclinical studies, current clinical trials, and potential future clinical applications. In this review, we also provide a comprehensive discussion of the complexities of the interconnected cellular and non-cellular components of the microenvironmental landscape of brain tumors to guide the development of safe and effective therapeutic strategies against brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed M. Faisal
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Andrea Comba
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria L. Varela
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Anna E. Argento
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Emily Brumley
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Clifford Abel
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Pedro R. Lowenstein,
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4
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Zhang J, Liu J, Zhang H, Wang J, Hua H, Jiang Y. The role of network-forming collagens in cancer progression. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:833-842. [PMID: 35322886 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Collagens are the main components of extracellular matrix in the tumor microenvironment. Both fibrillar and nonfibrillar collagens are involved in tumor progression. The nonfibrillar network-forming collagens such as type IV and type VIII collagens are frequently overexpressed in various types of human cancers, which promotes tumor cell proliferation, adhesion, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. Studies on the roles of these collagens have shed light on the mechanisms underpinning the effects of this protein family. Future research has to explicit the role of network-forming collagens with respect to cancer progression and treatment. Herein, we review the regulation of network-forming collagens expression in cancer; the roles of network-forming collagens in tumor invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis; and the clinical significance of network-forming collagens expression in cancer patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieya Liu
- Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Hui Hua
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Wu H, Zhang R, Hu B, He Y, Zhang Y, Cai L, Wang L, Wang G, Hou H, Qiu X. A porous hydrogel scaffold mimicking the extracellular matrix with swim bladder derived collagen for renal tissue regeneration. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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6
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Jandl K, Mutgan AC, Eller K, Schaefer L, Kwapiszewska G. The basement membrane in the cross-roads between the lung and kidney. Matrix Biol 2021; 105:31-52. [PMID: 34839001 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The basement membrane (BM) is a specialized layer of extracellular matrix components that plays a central role in maintaining lung and kidney functions. Although the composition of the BM is usually tissue specific, the lung and the kidney preferentially use similar BM components. Unsurprisingly, diseases with BM defects often have severe pulmonary or renal manifestations, sometimes both. Excessive remodeling of the BM, which is a hallmark of both inflammatory and fibrosing diseases in the lung and the kidney, can lead to the release of BM-derived matrikines, proteolytic fragments with distinct biological functions. These matrikines can then influence disease activity at the site of liberation. However, they are also released to the circulation, where they can directly affect the vascular endothelium or target other organs, leading to extrapulmonary or extrarenal manifestations. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of the composition and function of the BM and its matrikines in health and disease, both in the lung and in the kidney. By comparison, we will highlight, why the BM and its matrikines may be central in establishing a renal-pulmonary interaction axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Jandl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; Otto Loewi Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ayse Ceren Mutgan
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; Otto Loewi Research Center, Department of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Eller
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria; Otto Loewi Research Center, Department of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Giessen, Germany..
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7
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Al-Shaer A, Lyons A, Ishikawa Y, Hudson BG, Boudko SP, Forde NR. Sequence-dependent mechanics of collagen reflect its structural and functional organization. Biophys J 2021; 120:4013-4028. [PMID: 34390685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix mechanics influence diverse cellular functions, yet surprisingly little is known about the mechanical properties of their constituent collagen proteins. In particular, network-forming collagen IV, an integral component of basement membranes, has been far less studied than fibril-forming collagens. A key feature of collagen IV is the presence of interruptions in the triple-helix-defining (Gly-X-Y) sequence along its collagenous domain. Here, we used atomic force microscopy to determine the impact of sequence heterogeneity on the local flexibility of collagen IV and of the fibril-forming collagen III. Our extracted flexibility profile of collagen IV reveals that it possesses highly heterogeneous mechanics, ranging from semiflexible regions as found for fibril-forming collagens to a lengthy region of high flexibility toward its N-terminus. A simple model in which flexibility is dictated only by the presence of interruptions fit the extracted profile reasonably well, providing insight into the alignment of chains and demonstrating that interruptions, particularly when coinciding in multiple chains, significantly enhance local flexibility. To a lesser extent, sequence variations within the triple helix lead to variable flexibility, as seen along the continuously triple-helical collagen III. We found this fibril-forming collagen to possess a high-flexibility region around its matrix-metalloprotease binding site, suggesting a unique mechanical fingerprint of this region that is key for matrix remodeling. Surprisingly, proline content did not correlate with local flexibility in either collagen type. We also found that physiologically relevant changes in pH and chloride concentration did not alter the flexibility of collagen IV, indicating such environmental changes are unlikely to control its compaction during secretion. Although extracellular chloride ions play a role in triggering collagen IV network formation, they do not appear to modulate the structure of its collagenous domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Al-Shaer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aaron Lyons
- Department of Physics, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - Billy G Hudson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sergei P Boudko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biochemistry, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nancy R Forde
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Physics, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
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8
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Zhang B, Xu C, Liu J, Yang J, Gao Q, Ye F. Nidogen-1 expression is associated with overall survival and temozolomide sensitivity in low-grade glioma patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:9085-9107. [PMID: 33735110 PMCID: PMC8034893 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the prognostic significance of nidogen-1 (NID1) in glioma. Oncomine, GEPIA, UALCAN, CCGA database analyses showed that NID1 transcript levels were significantly upregulated in multiple cancer types, including gliomas. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses confirmed that NID1 expression was significantly upregulated in glioma tissues compared to paired adjacent normal brain tissue samples (n=9). NID1 silencing enhanced in vitro apoptosis and the temozolomide sensitivity of U251 and U87-MG glioma cells. Protein-protein interaction network analysis using the STRING and GeneMANIA databases showed that NID1 interacts with several extracellular matrix proteins. TIMER database analysis showed that NID1 expression in low-grade gliomas was associated with tumor infiltration of B cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that low-grade gliomas patients with high NID1 expression were associated with shorter overall survival. However, NID1 expression was not associated with overall survival in glioblastoma multiforme patients. These findings demonstrate that NID1 expression in glioma tissues is associated with overall survival of low-grade glioma patients and temozolomide sensitivity. NID1 is thus a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in low-grade glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinsheng Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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9
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Xiao L, Liao F, Fan Y, Miwa N. Enzyme-digested Colla Corii Asini (E'jiao) accelerates wound healing and prevents ultraviolet A-induced collagen synthesis decline and wrinkle formation in three-dimensional skin equivalents. Hum Cell 2020; 33:1056-1067. [PMID: 32761322 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing delay, collagen synthesis decline and wrinkle formation are the common features of skin aging. The aim of this study is to investigate repressive effects of Colla Corii Asini (CCA) (a traditional Chinese medicine which has been used for anti-aging) on hydrogen peroxide (300 µM, 2 h) and ultraviolet A (UVA) (3.2 mJ/cm2)-induced skin aging in vitro. To simulate the in vivo condition of CCA, CCA was digested by gastrointestinal enzymes and added to human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and three dimensional (3D) skin equivalents at different concentrations. Cell viability assay showed that the enzyme-digested CCA (CCAD) exhibited significant preventive effects on hydrogen peroxide- and UVA-induced cell death. The in vitro scratch assay showed that CCAD was able to prevent hydrogen peroxide-induced wound healing delay in HGF cell sheets. Immunostaining and imaging analysis showed that CCAD could suppress UVA-reduced expression of type IV collagen and elastin in both HGF cells and the 3D skin equivalents. Using a tissue stretching system, wrinkles were formed on UVA-irradiated 3D skin equivalents. Without CCAD-treatment, the wrinkles on the skin were deep, whereas CCAD markedly reduced the depth of wrinkles. In conclusion, CCAD could protect skin cells from oxidative stress and UVA-induced harmful effects, accelerate wound healing, promote synthesis of collagen and elastin, and reduce wrinkles formation. CCAD might be developed as an anti-skin aging reagent in the cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0071, Japan.
| | - Feng Liao
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co. Ltd., Liao Cheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co. Ltd., Liao Cheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nobuhiko Miwa
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
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10
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Enriched developmental biology molecular pathways impact on antipsychotics-induced weight gain. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2019; 30:9-20. [PMID: 31651721 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Psychotropic-induced weight gain (PIWG) may lead to increased risk for cardiovasculardiseases, metabolic disorders and treatment discontinuation. PIWG may be genetically driven. The analysis of complete molecular pathways may grant suffcient power to tackle the biologic variance of PIWG. Such identifcation would help to move a step forward in the direction of personalized treatment in psychiatry. A genetic sample from the CATIE trial (n = 765; M = 556, mean age = 40.93 ± 11.03) treated with diverse antipsychotic drugs was investigated. A molecular pathway analysis was conducted for the identifcation of the molecular pathways enriched in variations associated with PIWG. The developmental biology molecular pathway was signifcantly (P.adj = 0.018) enriched in genetic variations signifcantly (P < 0.01) associated with PIWG. A total of 18 genes were identifed and discussed. The developmental biology molecular pathway is involved in the regulation of β-cell development, and the transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation. Results from the current contribution correlate with previous evidence and it is consistent with our earlier result on the STAR*D sample. Furthermore, the involvement of the β-cell development and the transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation pathways stress the relevance of the peripheral tissue rearrangement, rather than increased food intake, in the biologic modifcations that follow psychotropic treatment and may lead to PIWG. Further research is warranted.
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11
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Chang CJ, Minei R, Sato T, Taniguchi A. The Influence of a Nanopatterned Scaffold that Mimics Abnormal Renal Mesangial Matrix on Mesangial Cell Behavior. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5349. [PMID: 31661773 PMCID: PMC6861955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The alteration of mesangial matrix (MM) components in mesangium, such as type IV collagen (COL4) and type I collagen (COL1), is commonly found in progressive glomerular disease. Mesangial cells (MCs) responding to altered MM, show critical changes in cell function. This suggests that the diseased MM structure could play an important role in MC behavior. To investigate how MC behavior is influenced by the diseased MM 3D nanostructure, we fabricated the titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based nanopatterns that mimic diseased MM nanostructures. Immortalized mouse MCs were used to assess the influence of disease-mimic nanopatterns on cell functions, and were compared with a normal-mimic nanopattern. The results showed that the disease-mimic nanopattern induced disease-like behavior, including increased proliferation, excessive production of abnormal MM components (COL1 and fibronectin) and decreased normal MM components (COL4 and laminin α1). In contrast, the normal-mimic nanopattern actually resulted in cells displaying normal proliferation and the production of normal MM components. In addition, increased expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and integrin α5β1 were detected in cells grown on the disease-mimic nanopattern. These results indicated that the disease-mimic nanopattern induced disease-like cell behavior. These findings will help further establish a disease model that mimics abnormal MM nanostructures and also to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying glomerular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jung Chang
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
- Cellular Functional Nanobiomaterials Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Rin Minei
- Glycobiology Laboratory, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomiokamachi, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2137, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Glycobiology Laboratory, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomiokamachi, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2137, Japan.
| | - Akiyoshi Taniguchi
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
- Cellular Functional Nanobiomaterials Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
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12
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Arseni L, Lombardi A, Orioli D. From Structure to Phenotype: Impact of Collagen Alterations on Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051407. [PMID: 29738498 PMCID: PMC5983607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly dynamic and heterogeneous structure that plays multiple roles in living organisms. Its integrity and homeostasis are crucial for normal tissue development and organ physiology. Loss or alteration of ECM components turns towards a disease outcome. In this review, we provide a general overview of ECM components with a special focus on collagens, the most abundant and diverse ECM molecules. We discuss the different functions of the ECM including its impact on cell proliferation, migration and differentiation by highlighting the relevance of the bidirectional cross-talk between the matrix and surrounding cells. By systematically reviewing all the hereditary disorders associated to altered collagen structure or resulting in excessive collagen degradation, we point to the functional relevance of the collagen and therefore of the ECM elements for human health. Moreover, the large overlapping spectrum of clinical features of the collagen-related disorders makes in some cases the patient clinical diagnosis very difficult. A better understanding of ECM complexity and molecular mechanisms regulating the expression and functions of the various ECM elements will be fundamental to fully recognize the different clinical entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Arseni
- Department of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Anita Lombardi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Donata Orioli
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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13
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Gotenstein JR, Koo CC, Ho TW, Chisholm AD. Genetic Suppression of Basement Membrane Defects in Caenorhabditis elegans by Gain of Function in Extracellular Matrix and Cell-Matrix Attachment Genes. Genetics 2018; 208:1499-1512. [PMID: 29440357 PMCID: PMC5887144 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.118.300731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Basement membranes are extracellular matrices essential for embryonic development in animals. Peroxidasins are extracellular peroxidases implicated in the unique sulfilimine cross-links between type IV basement membrane collagens. Loss of function in the Caenorhabditis elegans peroxidasin PXN-2 results in fully penetrant embryonic or larval lethality. Using genetic suppressor screening, we find that the requirement for PXN-2 in development can be bypassed by gain of function in multiple genes encoding other basement membrane components, or proteins implicated in cell-matrix attachment. We identify multiple alleles of let-805, encoding the transmembrane protein myotactin, which suppress phenotypes of pxn-2 null mutants and of other basement membrane mutants such as F-spondin/spon-1 These let-805 suppressor alleles cause missense alterations in two pairs of FNIII repeats in the extracellular domain; they act dominantly and have no detectable phenotypes alone, suggesting they cause gain of function. We also identify suppressor missense mutations affecting basement membrane components type IV collagen (emb-9, let-2) and perlecan (unc-52), as well as a mutation affecting spectraplakin (vab-10), a component of the epidermal cytoskeleton. These suppressor alleles do not bypass the developmental requirement for core structural proteins of the basement membrane such as laminin or type IV collagen. In conclusion, putative gain-of-function alterations in matrix proteins or in cell-matrix receptors can overcome the requirement for certain basement membrane proteins in embryonic development, revealing previously unknown plasticity in the genetic requirements for the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Gotenstein
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Cassidy C Koo
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Tiffany W Ho
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Andrew D Chisholm
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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14
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Wei H, Dibb R, Decker K, Wang N, Zhang Y, Zong X, Lin W, Nissman DB, Liu C. Investigating magnetic susceptibility of human knee joint at 7 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 2017; 78:1933-1943. [PMID: 28097689 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the magnetic susceptibility properties of different anatomical structures within the knee joint using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). METHODS A collagen tissue model was simulated and ex vivo animal cartilage experiments were conducted at 9.4 Tesla (T) to evaluate the B0 orientation-dependent magnetic susceptibility contrast observed in cartilage. Furthermore, nine volunteers (six healthy subjects without knee pain history and three patients with known knee injury, between 29 and 58 years old) were scanned using gradient-echo acquisitions on a high-field 7T MR scanner. Susceptibility values of different tissues were quantified and diseased cartilage and meniscus were compared against that of healthy volunteers. RESULTS Simulation and ex vivo animal cartilage experiments demonstrated that collagen fibrils exhibit an anisotropic susceptibility. A gradual change of magnetic susceptibility was observed in the articular cartilage from the superficial zone to the deep zone, forming a multilayer ultrastructure consistent with anisotropy of collagen fibrils. Meniscal tears caused a clear reduction of susceptibility contrast between the injured meniscus and surrounding cartilage illustrated by a loss of the sharp boundaries between the two. Moreover, QSM showed more dramatic contrast in the focal degenerated articular cartilage than R2* mapping. CONCLUSION The arrangement of the collagen fibrils is significant, and likely the most dominant source of magnetic susceptibility anisotropy. Quantitative susceptibility mapping offers a means to characterize magnetic susceptibility properties of tissues in the knee joint. It is sensitive to collagen damage or degeneration and may be useful for evaluating the status of knee diseases, such as meniscal tears and cartilage disease. Magn Reson Med 78:1933-1943, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiang Wei
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Russell Dibb
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kyle Decker
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nian Wang
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Xiaopeng Zong
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Weili Lin
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel B Nissman
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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15
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Mak KM, Png CYM, Lee DJ. Type V Collagen in Health, Disease, and Fibrosis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2016; 299:613-29. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ki M. Mak
- Department of Medical Education/Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York New York
| | - Chien Yi M. Png
- Department of Medical Education; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York New York
| | - Danielle J. Lee
- Department of Medical Education; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York New York
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16
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Arriazu E, Ruiz de Galarreta M, Cubero FJ, Varela-Rey M, Pérez de Obanos MP, Leung TM, Lopategi A, Benedicto A, Abraham-Enachescu I, Nieto N. Extracellular matrix and liver disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1078-97. [PMID: 24219114 PMCID: PMC4123471 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic microenvironment that undergoes continuous remodeling, particularly during injury and wound healing. Chronic liver injury of many different etiologies such as viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, drug-induced liver injury, obesity and insulin resistance, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune disease is characterized by excessive deposition of ECM proteins in response to persistent liver damage. CRITICAL ISSUES This review describes the main collagenous and noncollagenous components from the ECM that play a significant role in pathological matrix deposition during liver disease. We define how increased myofibroblasts (MF) from different origins are at the forefront of liver fibrosis and how liver cell-specific regulation of the complex scarring process occurs. RECENT ADVANCES Particular attention is paid to the role of cytokines, growth factors, reactive oxygen species, and newly identified matricellular proteins in the regulation of fibrillar type I collagen, a field to which our laboratory has significantly contributed over the years. We compile data from recent literature on the potential mechanisms driving fibrosis resolution such as MF' apoptosis, senescence, and reversal to quiescence. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We conclude with a brief description of how epigenetics, an evolving field, can regulate the behavior of MF and of how new "omics" tools may advance our understanding of the mechanisms by which the fibrogenic response to liver injury occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Arriazu
- 1 Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine , New York, New York
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17
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Muiznieks LD, Keeley FW. Molecular assembly and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix: A fibrous protein perspective. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2012; 1832:866-75. [PMID: 23220448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is an integral and dynamic component of all tissues. Macromolecular compositions and structural architectures of the matrix are tissue-specific and typically are strongly influenced by the magnitude and direction of biomechanical forces experienced as part of normal tissue function. Fibrous extracellular networks of collagen and elastin provide the dominant response to tissue mechanical forces. These matrix proteins enable tissues to withstand high tensile and repetitive stresses without plastic deformation or rupture. Here we provide an overview of the hierarchical molecular and supramolecular assembly of collagens and elastic fibers, and review their capacity for mechanical behavior in response to force. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Fibrosis: Translation of basic research to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa D Muiznieks
- Molecular Structure and Function Program, The Hospital For Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, Canada
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18
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Singh B, Fleury C, Jalalvand F, Riesbeck K. Human pathogens utilize host extracellular matrix proteins laminin and collagen for adhesion and invasion of the host. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2012; 36:1122-80. [PMID: 22537156 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2012.00340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminin (Ln) and collagen are multifunctional glycoproteins that play an important role in cellular morphogenesis, cell signalling, tissue repair and cell migration. These proteins are ubiquitously present in tissues as a part of the basement membrane (BM), constitute a protective layer around blood capillaries and are included in the extracellular matrix (ECM). As a component of BMs, both Lns and collagen(s), thus function as major mechanical containment molecules that protect tissues from pathogens. Invasive pathogens breach the basal lamina and degrade ECM proteins of interstitial spaces and connective tissues using various ECM-degrading proteases or surface-bound plasminogen and matrix metalloproteinases recruited from the host. Most pathogens associated with the respiratory, gastrointestinal, or urogenital tracts, as well as with the central nervous system or the skin, have the capacity to bind and degrade Lns and collagen(s) in order to adhere to and invade host tissues. In this review, we focus on the adaptability of various pathogens to utilize these ECM proteins as enhancers for adhesion to host tissues or as a targets for degradation in order to breach the cellular barriers. The major pathogens discussed are Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Yersinia, Treponema, Mycobacterium, Clostridium, Listeria, Porphyromonas and Haemophilus; Candida, Aspergillus, Pneumocystis, Cryptococcus and Coccidioides; Acanthamoeba, Trypanosoma and Trichomonas; retrovirus and papilloma virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birendra Singh
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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19
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Balasubramanian P, Prabhakaran MP, Sireesha M, Ramakrishna S. Collagen in Human Tissues: Structure, Function, and Biomedical Implications from a Tissue Engineering Perspective. POLYMER COMPOSITES – POLYOLEFIN FRACTIONATION – POLYMERIC PEPTIDOMIMETICS – COLLAGENS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2012_176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Isoda N, Yokoyama H, Nojiri M, Suzuki S, Yamaguchi K. Electroreduction of nitrite to nitrogen oxide by a copper-containing nitrite reductase model complex incorporated into collagen film. Bioelectrochemistry 2010; 77:82-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Knupp C, Pinali C, Lewis PN, Parfitt GJ, Young RD, Meek KM, Quantock AJ. The architecture of the cornea and structural basis of its transparency. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2009; 78:25-49. [PMID: 20663483 DOI: 10.1016/s1876-1623(08)78002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The cornea is the transparent connective tissue window at the front of the eye. In the extracellular matrix of the corneal stroma, hybrid type I/V collagen fibrils are remarkably uniform in diameter at approximately 30 nm and are regularly arranged into a pseudolattice. Fibrils are believed to be kept at defined distances by the influence of proteoglycans. Light entering the cornea is scattered by the collagen fibrils, but their spatial distribution is such that the scattered light interferes destructively in all directions except from the forward direction. In this way, light travels forward through the cornea to reach the retina. In this chapter, we will review the macromolecular components of the corneal stroma, the way they are organized into a stacked lamellar array, and how this organization guarantees corneal transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Knupp
- Structural Biophysics Group, School of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4LU, UK
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22
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Burd HJ. A structural constitutive model for the human lens capsule. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2008; 8:217-31. [PMID: 18622755 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-008-0130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Published data on the mechanical performance of the human lens capsule when tested under uniaxial and biaxial conditions are reviewed. It is concluded that two simple phenomenological constitutive models (namely a linear elastic model and a Fung-type hyperelastic model) are unable to provide satisfactory representations of the mechanical behaviour of the capsule for both of these loading conditions. The possibility of resolving these difficulties using a structural constitutive model for the capsule, of a form that is inspired by the network of collagen IV filaments that exist within the lens capsule, is explored. The model is implemented within a rectangular periodic cell. Prescribed stretches are imposed on the periodic cell and the network is allowed to deform in a non-affine manner. The performance of the constitutive model correlates well with previously published test data. One possible application of the model is in the development of a multi-scale analysis of the mechanics of the human lens capsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey John Burd
- Department of Engineering Science, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK.
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23
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Iconomidou VA, Georgaka ME, Chryssikos GD, Gionis V, Megalofonou P, Hamodrakas SJ. Dogfish egg case structural studies by ATR FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopy. Int J Biol Macromol 2007; 41:102-8. [PMID: 17292464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2007.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The dogfish egg case is a composite structure that combines mechanical tensile strength, toughness and elasticity with high permeability to small molecules and ions. Presumably, it provides both a protective and a filtering role for the egg/embryo contained within it. In this work, we performed structural studies of the Galeus melastomus egg case at two different stages of the hardening process, utilizing ATR FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopy. Based on these data we deduce that: (a) The G. melastomus egg case, in close analogy to that of the related species Scyliorhinus cunicula, is a complex, composite structure which consists mainly of an analogue of collagen IV. This network forming protein appears to have common secondary structural characteristics in the entire egg case. (b) The outermost layer of the non-sclerotized egg case is especially rich in tyrosine, while the innermost layer is rich in polysaccharides, presumably glycosaminoglycans, and lipids. These differences are diminished upon hardening. (c) Disulfide bonds do not appear to play a significant role in cross-linking. However, cross-links involving tyrosine residues appear to sclerotize the egg case. It is proposed that the intensity of the Raman band at ca. 1615 cm(-1), which is due to ring stretching vibrations of Tyr, might be a useful indicator of the sclerotization status of a certain proteinaceous tissue, when tyrosines are involved in sclerotization mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki A Iconomidou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 157 01, Greece.
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Estrada E. Point scattering: A new geometric invariant with applications from (Nano)clusters to biomolecules. J Comput Chem 2007; 28:767-77. [PMID: 17226832 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.20541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A new geometric invariant is defined from "first principles" for a point ensemble, which can represent clusters, molecules, crystals, and biomolecules. The scattering of a point ensemble is defined in terms of the Euclidean distance matrix and a vector measuring the weighted departure of the points from the cluster centre. Using the Rayleigh-Ritz theorem this function is maximized obtaining the point scattering of the ensemble. The point scattering shows several properties which are useful for studying clusters, molecules, crystals, and biomolecules. We examined different natural clusters of hard spheres such as colloidal particles and fullerenes, as well as protein-peptide complexes and the effect of temperature on protein structure. In all cases point scattering differentiates point ensembles with different structures, which are not distinguished by other geometric invariants, such as the second moment of mass distribution, surface areas, and volumes. Point scattering also shows better correlation with thermodynamic parameters of binding and describes the interior cavities of hollowed ensembles better than the other geometric measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Estrada
- Complex Systems Research Group, X-ray Unit, RIAIDT, Edificio CACTUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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