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Alexoudi A, Vlachakis E, Banos S, Oikonomou K, Patrikelis P, Verentzioti A, Stefanatou M, Gatzonis S, Korfias S, Sakas D. Combined Invasive Peripheral Nerve Stimulation in the Management of Chronic Post-Intracranial Disorder Headache: A Case Report. Clin Pract 2023; 13:297-304. [PMID: 36826169 PMCID: PMC9955518 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of ventricular shunts dramatically changed the outcome and quality of life of hydrocephalic patients. However, shunt surgery continues to be associated with numerous adverse events. Headache is one of the most common complications after shunt operation. It is often of prolonged duration, the symptoms resemble those of migraine, and pain does not respond to medication. We propose invasive peripheral nerve stimulation as a potential solution in the treatment of patients suffering from chronic headache associated with shunted hydrocephalus. A young woman presented with daily holocephalic headache with diffuse pain exacerbated by lying down. Imaging revealed panventricular enlargement and possible aqueduct stenosis. When a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed, clinical symptoms resolved. Nevertheless, she gradually exacerbated after a second valve replacement due to wound infection. Imaging revealed decompressed ventricles and appropriate shunt placement. The diagnosis of chronic post-intracranial disorder headache was set. Therefore, occipital nerve stimulation was applied and, considering that the patient did not have a total response, bilateral parietal stimulation was added. Three months after the combined PNS, she experienced total remission of headache. Combined PNS eases refractory headaches much more than occipital nerve stimulation alone and could be considered as a solution for shunted hydrocephalus-associated headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Alexoudi
- Department of Neurosurgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10646 Athens, Greece
- Neurological Institute of Athens (NIA), Vas. Sofias 51, 10676 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-6978630040; Fax: +30-213-204-1701
| | - Efstathios Vlachakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10646 Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatios Banos
- Department of Neurosurgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10646 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Oikonomou
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals, NHS Trust, Newcastle NE14LP, UK
| | - Panayiotis Patrikelis
- Department of Neurosurgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10646 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Verentzioti
- Department of Neurosurgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10646 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Stefanatou
- Department of Neurosurgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10646 Athens, Greece
| | - Stylianos Gatzonis
- Department of Neurosurgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10646 Athens, Greece
| | - Stefanos Korfias
- Department of Neurosurgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10646 Athens, Greece
| | - Damianos Sakas
- Department of Neurosurgery, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10646 Athens, Greece
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Yang MG, Cai HQ, Wang SS, Liu L, Wang CM. Full recovery from chronic headache and hypopituitarism caused by lymphocytic hypophysitis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:1041-1049. [PMID: 35127918 PMCID: PMC8790444 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i3.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LYH) is an important condition to consider in the differential diagnosis of patients with a pituitary mass. The main clinical manifestations of LYH include headache, symptoms related to sellar compression, hypopituitarism, diabetes insipidus and hyperprolactinemia. Headache, which is a frequent complaint of patients with LYH, is thought to be related to the occupying effect of the pituitary mass and is rapidly resolved with a good outcome after timely and adequate glucocorticoid treatment or surgery.
CASE SUMMARY Here, we report a patient with LYH whose initial symptom was headache and whose pituitary function assessment showed the presence of secondary hypoadrenalism, central hypothyroidism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging showed symmetrical enlargement of the pituitary gland with suprasellar extension in a dumbbell shape with significant homogeneous enhancement after gadolinium enhancement. The size of the gland was approximately 17.7 mm × 14.3 mm × 13.8 mm. The pituitary stalk was thickened without deviation, and there was an elevation of the optimal crossing. The lesion grew bilaterally toward the cavernous sinuses, and the parasternal dural caudal sign was visible. The patient presented with repeatedly worsening and prolonged headaches three times even though the hypopituitarism had fully resolved after glucocorticoid treatment during this course.
CONCLUSION This rare headache regression suggests that patients with chronic headaches should also be alerted to the possibility of LYH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Guang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Han-Qing Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Si-Si Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chun-Mei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin Province, China
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The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11: chronic secondary headache or orofacial pain. Pain 2019; 160:60-68. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Willenborg KD, Nacimiento W. Neurologische Symptome, Diagnostik, Differenzialdiagnose und medikamentöse Therapie des Pseudotumor cerebri. Ophthalmologe 2015; 112:814-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00347-015-0138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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