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Meseguer F, Giménez Rodríguez C, Rivera Egea R, Carrión Sisternas L, Remohí JA, Meseguer M. Can Microfluidics Improve Sperm Quality? A Prospective Functional Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1131. [PMID: 38791093 PMCID: PMC11118748 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The same sperm selection techniques in assisted reproduction clinics have remained largely unchanged despite their weaknesses. Recently, microfluidic devices have emerged as a novel methodology that facilitates the sperm selection process with promising results. A prospective case-control study was conducted in two phases: 100 samples were used to compare the microfluidic device with Density Gradient, and another 100 samples were used to compare the device with the Swim-up. In the initial phase, a significant enhancement in progressive motility, total progressive motile sperm count, vitality, morphology, and sperm DNA fragmentation were obtained for the microfluidic group compared to Density Gradient. Nevertheless, no statistically significant differences were observed in sperm concentration and chromatin structure stability. In the subsequent phase, the microfluidic group exhibited significant increases in sperm concentration, total progressive motile sperm count, and vitality compared to Swim-up. However, non-significant differences were seen for progressive motility, morphology, DNA structure stability, and DNA fragmentation. Similar trends were observed when results were stratified into quartiles. In conclusion, in a comparison of microfluidics with standard techniques, an improvement in sperm quality parameters was observed for the microfluidic group. However, this improvement was not significant for all parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Meseguer
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVIRMA Valencia, Plaza de la Policía Local 3, 46015 Valencia, Spain; (R.R.E.); (M.M.)
| | - Carla Giménez Rodríguez
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.G.R.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Rocío Rivera Egea
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVIRMA Valencia, Plaza de la Policía Local 3, 46015 Valencia, Spain; (R.R.E.); (M.M.)
| | - Laura Carrión Sisternas
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.G.R.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Jose A. Remohí
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVIRMA Valencia, Plaza de la Policía Local 3, 46015 Valencia, Spain; (R.R.E.); (M.M.)
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.G.R.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Marcos Meseguer
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVIRMA Valencia, Plaza de la Policía Local 3, 46015 Valencia, Spain; (R.R.E.); (M.M.)
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.G.R.); (L.C.S.)
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Repalle D, Saritha KVR, Bhandari S. Sperm DNA fragmentation negatively influences the cumulative live birth rate in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles of couples with unexplained infertility. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2022; 49:185-195. [PMID: 36097734 PMCID: PMC9468691 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2021.05169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) on the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles in couples with unexplained infertility.Methods: We conducted a prospective study of 145 couples who underwent ICSI cycles for unexplained infertility. Based on the SDF rate, patients were categorized into a low SDF group (SDF ≤30%, n=97) and a high SDF group (SDF >30%, n=48). SDF was assessed using the acridine orange test on density gradient centrifugation prepared samples. The CLBR was calculated as the first live birth event per woman per egg collection over 2 years.Results: The high SDF group (SDF >30%) showed a significantly lower CLBR (p<0.05) and a significantly higher miscarriage rate (p<0.05) than the low SDF group (SDF ≤30%). No significant difference was observed in the implantation and cumulative pregnancy rates between the two SDF groups. The total number of embryo transfers was stratified further into fresh and frozen embryo transfers. In the fresh embryo transfers, there were significant differences in the implantation rates, clinical pregnancy rates, and live birth rates (p<0.05) between the low SDF and high SDF groups. However, in the frozen embryo transfers, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two groups. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, SDF was a predictor of CLBR (p<0.05) when adjusted for possible confounding factors.Conclusion: High SDF was associated with a lower CLBR and a higher miscarriage rate in the ICSI cycles of couples with unexplained infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Repalle
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Kallimakula Venkata Reddy Saritha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
- Corresponding author: Kallimakula Venkata Reddy Saritha Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502 A.P., India Tel: +91-93-9360-8479 E-mail:
| | - Shilpa Bhandari
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, India
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Mirsanei JS, Sheibak N, Zandieh Z, Mehdizadeh M, Aflatoonian R, Tabatabaei M, Mousavi AS, Amjadi F. Microfluidic chips as a method for sperm selection improve fertilization rate in couples with fertilization failure. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022; 306:901-910. [PMID: 35650258 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sperm quality plays a vital role in successful fertilization and pregnancy. Patients with fertilization failure (total failure or low-fertilization rate) despite having normal semen parameters are a challenging group whose sperm cannot fertilize the oocyte via the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique. Microfluidics is offered as a new method for proper sperm sorting. METHODS This study aimed to evaluate sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation index (DFI), expression of phospholipase C zeta 1 (PLCZ1), and transition nuclear proteins 1 (TNP1) mRNAs in sperm selected by microfluidic sperm sorting (MSS) chip compared with conventional density gradient centrifugation technique in patients with fertilization failure following ICSI. Subsequence fertilization rate and embryo quality were assayed. RESULTS Normal morphology and total motility were significantly higher, and DFI was significantly lower in sperm selected by the MSS chip in fertilization failure and control groups. The RT-PCR results demonstrated a significant increase in the expression of PLCZ1 and TNP1 genes in sperm of both groups selected by MSS chips compared to the DGC method. In addition, with the selected sperm by MSS chip, an increase in fertilization rate and improvement of embryo quality was obtained. CONCLUSION The present study findings show that sperm sorting by the microfluidic method improves fertilization rate in patients with poor fertilization outcomes following ICSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamileh Sadat Mirsanei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nadia Sheibak
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zandieh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Aflatoonian
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryamsadat Tabatabaei
- Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Sadat Mousavi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemehsadat Amjadi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Assessment of the Role of Nuclear ENDOG Gene and mtDNA Variations on Paternal Mitochondrial Elimination (PME) in Infertile Men: An Experimental Study. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:2208-2222. [PMID: 35477840 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In humans and most animals, maternal inheritance of mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is considered as an universal assumption. Recently, several lines of evidence suggest that different species seem to employ distinct mechanisms to prevent the inheritance of paternal mtDNA. There are few studies in the literature on the molecular basis of sperm mtDNA elimination in mammals and paternal mtDNA transmission in humans. Endonuclease G (ENDOG) is a mitochondrial nuclease encoded by nuclear ENDOG gene. The critical importance of ENDOG gene on paternal mitochondrial elimination (PME) has been previously demonstrated in model organisms such as C. elegans and D. melanogaster. However, its mechanism in human is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether nuclear ENDOG gene copy number could be a potential marker of paternal mtDNA transmission or not.Male factor infertility patients diagnosed with different infertility subgroups such as azoospermia, oligoteratozoospermia, astheno-teratozoospermia were included in this study: 13 infertile men and 25 healthy men as control group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis and dual-color Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method were used to compare the groups. FISH method was applied to verify qPCR results and two signals were observed in nearly all patients. ENDOG gene copy number data were evaluated by comparing them with entire human mtDNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis results obtained through bioinformatics and proteomics tools. Mitochondrial whole genome sequencing (WGS) data allowed determination of novel and reported variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), multiple nucleotide polymorphism (MNP), insertion/deletion (INDEL). Missense variants causing amino acid substitution were filtered out from patients' mtDNA WGS data.Relative copy number of target ENDOG gene in male infertility patients [0.49 (0.31 - 0.77)] was lower than healthy controls [1.00 (0.66 - 1.51)], and statistical results showed significant differences between the groups (p < 0.01). A total of 38 missense variants were detected in the genes encoding the proteins involved in the respiratory chain complex. Moreover, we detected paternal mtDNA transmissions in the children of these patients who applied to assisted reproductive techniques.In conclusion, this study reveals that ENDOG gene may be an important factor for the PME mechanism in humans. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in humans about this topic and assessment of ENDOG gene sequencing and gene expression studies in a larger sample size including patients with male factor infertility would be our future project.
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Mahdavinezhad F, Gilani MAS, Gharaei R, Ashrafnezhad Z, Valipour J, Nashtai MS, Amidi F. Protective roles of seminal plasma exosomes and microvesicles during human sperm cryopreservation. Reprod Biomed Online 2022; 45:341-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Aydın Ş, Bulgan Kılıçdağ E, Çağlar Aytaç P, Çok T, Şimşek E, Haydardedeoğlu B. Prospective randomized controlled study of a microfluidic chip technology for sperm selection in male infertility patients. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14415. [PMID: 35263457 DOI: 10.1111/and.14415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of a microfluidic approach for spermatozoon selection in male infertility patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This research enrolled 128 individuals who had ICSI for male-factor infertility. The patients were separated into two groups according to the method used to pick the spermatozoa: group I (n = 64), which used traditional swim-up procedures, and group II (n = 64), which used the Fertile Chip for spermatozoon selection during ICSI therapy. Fertilization rates and embryo quality were the major outcomes. The rates of pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and live birth were used as secondary outcomes. As a result, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of fertilization rate, total grade 1 and 2 embryos. Implantation rate was significantly higher in the Fertile Chip group than in the control group (50% vs. 31%, p = 0.02). The Fertile Chip group had considerably greater pregnancy rates, clinical pregnancy rates (CPR) and live birth rates than the control group (62.5% vs. 45.3%, p = 0.038; 59.4% vs. 35.9%, p = 0.006 and 46.8% vs. 25%, p = 0.009). Fertile Chip had no effect on fertilization rates or embryo quality in male-factor infertility couples. However, the Fertile Chip group had a statistically higher pregnancy rate, CPR and live birth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şirin Aydın
- Baskent University Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Application and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Esra Bulgan Kılıçdağ
- Baskent University Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Application and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Pınar Çağlar Aytaç
- Baskent University Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Application and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Çok
- Baskent University Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Application and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Erhan Şimşek
- Baskent University Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Application and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Bülent Haydardedeoğlu
- Baskent University Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Application and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
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Saritha KV, Repalle D, Bhandari S, Chittora M, Choudhary J. Role of female age in regulating the effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on the live birth rates in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles with own and donor oocytes. J Hum Reprod Sci 2022; 15:64-71. [PMID: 35494199 PMCID: PMC9053350 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_150_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sperm DNA integrity assessment has been progressively used as an unfettered measure of sperm as it proffers more prognostic and diagnostic information than routine semen analysis. The contentious effect of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) on clinical outcomes can be attributed to female factors such as age, oocyte quality and ovarian reserve. Aims: The study is mainly aimed to know the influence of SDF on the live birth rates in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles with own and donor oocytes. Second, to know the role of female age in regulating the effect of SDF on the live birth rates in ICSI cycles with own and donor oocytes. Setting and Design: A prospective cohort study was done at our tertiary care centre attached to the reproductive medicine unit in medical college. Materials and Methods: The study included 356 patients who underwent first ICSI cycles either with own or donor-oocytes along with day 5 fresh embryo transfers only. The main outcome measures were live birth rates and miscarriage rates. Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-squared test was used to compare the categorical variables between the groups. The receiver operating characteristic curve was developed to correlate the female age with the live birth rate. Results: A significant decrease in the live birth rates (42.85% vs. 26.15%, P = 0.023) and an increase in the miscarriage rates (12.30% vs. 34.61%, P = 0.013) were observed in the high-SDF group ICSI cycles of own-oocyte patients. However, there was no significant difference in the live birth rates and miscarriage rates in the low- and high-SDF groups of donor oocyte ICSI cycle patients (P > 0.05). The own-oocyte ICSI cycle patients were further stratified based on the female age. In the female age group ≤30 years there was no significant difference in the live birth and miscarriage rates (P > 0.05) similar to donor oocyte ICSI cycles. Whereas, there was a significant difference in the live birth rates in the females of age >30 years (13.79% vs. 34.37%, P = 0.040). Conclusion: In conclusion, high-SDF has a negative influence on the live birth rates and a positive influence on the miscarriage rates in patients with own-oocyte ICSI cycles. A similar influence was not observed in patients with donor-oocyte ICSI cycles and in young female patients (age ≤30 years) with own-oocyte ICSI cycles.
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Ahmadkhani N, Hosseini M, Saadatmand M, Abbaspourrad A. The influence of the female reproductive tract and sperm features on the design of microfluidic sperm-sorting devices. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:19-36. [PMID: 35034216 PMCID: PMC8866594 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although medical advancements have successfully helped a lot of couples with their infertility by assisted reproductive technologies (ART), sperm selection, a crucial stage in ART, has remained challenging. Therefore, we aimed to investigate novel sperm separation methods, specifically microfluidic systems, as they do sperm selection based on sperm and/or the female reproductive tract (FRT) features without inflicting any damage to the selected sperm during the process. In this review, after an exhaustive studying of FRT features, which can implement by microfluidics devices, the focus was centered on sperm selection and investigation devices. During this study, we tried not to only point to the deficiencies of these systems, but to put forth suggestions for their improvement as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Ahmadkhani
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Hosseini
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Saadatmand
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Abbaspourrad
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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Rios JS, Coward RM, Hansen KR, Barnhart KT, Cedars MI, Legro RS, Diamond MP, Krawetz SA, Usadi R, Baker VL, Sun F, Wild R, Smith JF, Santoro N, Zhang H, Steiner AZ. Sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation: predictors, fertility outcomes, and assays among infertile males. F S Rep 2021; 2:282-288. [PMID: 34553152 PMCID: PMC8441563 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfre.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the factors associated with increased deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation index (DFI), evaluate the pregnancy outcomes of men with increased DFI, and compare three independent DFI assays. Design Secondary analysis. Setting Nine US-based fertility centers. Patient(s) Infertile men (N = 147) with sperm concentration ≤15 × 106/mL, motility ≤40%, or normal morphology ≤4% were enrolled. The female partners were ovulatory, ≤40 years old, and had documented tubal patency. Intervention(s) At a baseline visit, the men provided a semen sample. The couples attempted conception without assistance for 3 months and with ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination in the subsequent 3 months. Main Outcome Measure(s) The DFI was analyzed using the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) with increased DFI defined as >30%. The predictors of increased DFI were determined by a multivariable linear regression model. The pregnancy outcomes were compared using the χ2 test. The independent DFI assays (SCSA, deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, and Comet) were compared with Pearson and Spearman correlations. Result(s) The 19% of men with increased DFI were older (36.0 vs. 33.0 years) and had lower total sperm motility (38.2% ± 20.5% vs. 45.2% ± 15.6%). Increased male age was found to be a significant predictor of DFI (0.75, 95% confidence interval [0.06, 1.45]). Increased DFI was not associated with conception or live birth. There was a modest correlation of the deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay with the SCSA (r = 0.34) and Comet assay (r = 0.19). Conclusion(s) Older age was associated with increased DFI among infertile men. The DFI assays were only weakly correlated, indicating a standard definition of DFI is needed to truly interrogate how sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation impacts male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie S Rios
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Karl R Hansen
- University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kurt T Barnhart
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marcelle I Cedars
- University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - Richard S Legro
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | - Fangbai Sun
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Robert Wild
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - James F Smith
- University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Heping Zhang
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anne Z Steiner
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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Alharbi M, Hamouche F, Phillips S, Kadoch JI, Zini A. Use of testicular sperm in couples with SCSA-defined high sperm DNA fragmentation and failed intracytoplasmic sperm injection using ejaculated sperm. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:348-353. [PMID: 31571640 PMCID: PMC7406103 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_99_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) has been linked with male infertility, and previous studies suggest that SDF can have negative influence on pregnancy outcomes with assisted reproduction. We performed a retrospective review of consecutive couples with a high SDF level that had intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using testicular sperm (T-ICSI). We compared the T-ICSI outcomes to that of two control groups: 87 couples with failed first ICSI cycle and who had a second ICSI cycle using ejaculated sperm (Ej-ICSI), and 48 consecutive couples with high sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA)-defined SDF (>15%) that underwent an ICSI cycle using ejaculated sperm after one or more failed ICSI cycles (Ej-ICSI-high SDF). The mean number of oocytes that were retrieved and the total number of embryos were not different among the three groups. The mean number of transferred embryos in the T-ICSI group was higher than the Ej-ICSI group but not significantly different than the Ej-ICSI-high SDF group (1.4, 1.2, and 1.3, respectively, P < 0.05). Clinical pregnancy rate in the T-ICSI group was not significantly different than the Ej-ICSI and Ej-ICSI-high SDF groups (48.6%, 48.2%, and 38.7%, respectively, P > 0.05). No significant difference was found in live birth rate when comparing T-ICSI to Ej-ICSI and Ej-ICSI-high SDF groups. The results suggest that pregnancy outcomes and live birth rates with T-ICSI are not significantly superior to Ej-ICSI in patients with an elevated SCSA-defined sperm DNA fragmentation and prior ICSI failure(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohannad Alharbi
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal H4A3J1, Canada.,Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim 1162, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadl Hamouche
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal H4A3J1, Canada
| | | | - Jacques Isaac Kadoch
- OVO Fertility Clinic, Montreal H4P2S4, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Montreal, Montreal H3C3J7, Canada
| | - Armand Zini
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal H4A3J1, Canada.,OVO Fertility Clinic, Montreal H4P2S4, Canada
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ÖZDEMİR Ü, ATAYURT Z, ŞIK BA, ÖZDAMAR Ö, ABA YA, OZOLCAY O. CAN HYPO-OSMOTIC SWELLING TEST (HOST) IMPROVE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY PATIENTS WITH NORMAL SEMEN PARAMETERS UNDERGOING ICSI –FROZEN EMBRYO TRANSFER CYCLES? CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.852252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Candela L, Boeri L, Capogrosso P, Cazzaniga W, Pozzi E, Belladelli F, Baudo A, Ravizzoli A, Ventimiglia E, Viganò P, Alfano M, Abbate C, Cornelius J, Mattei A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Correlation among isolated teratozoospermia, sperm DNA fragmentation and markers of systemic inflammation in primary infertile men. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251608. [PMID: 34097690 PMCID: PMC8184012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the prevalence of isolated teratozoospermia (iTZS) in a cohort of infertile and fertile men; explore the relationship between iTZS, inflammatory parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index (SDF) in the same cohort. Materials and methods 1824 infertile men and 103 fertile controls. Semen analysis, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and serum hormones were investigated. DFI was tested in infertile men only. According to 2010 WHO semen analysis, patients were categorized in 3 sub-groups of isolated sperm defects: isolated oligozoospermia (iOZS), isolated asthenozoospermia (iAZS) and iTZS. Descriptive statistics and linear regression models tested the association between clinical variables and inflammatory markers. Results Among infertile men, iAZS, iTZS, and iOZS were found in 13.9%, 11.9% and 4.1% participants, respectively. iTZS was found in 37 (35.9%) fertile men. Infertile men with iTZS had higher NLR values than those with iOZS, iAZS and men with normal semen parameters (all p<0.001). FSH and LH were higher and inhibin B lower in iOZS infertile men compared to all other groups (p≤0.001). Hormonal characteristics were similar between iTZS infertile and fertile men. Similarly, iTZS infertile men had higher SDF than all other groups (all p<0.001). Infertile men with iTZS had higher NLR values than fertile men with iTZS (p<0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that, in infertile men, iTZS was associated with SDF and NLR (all p≤0.01). Conclusions iTZS was found in 11.9% of infertile men but it was even more prevalent in fertile controls. Infertile men with iTZS had higher NLR than fertile controls and increased SDF values than infertile participant with iAZS, iOZS, or normal semen parameters. No differences in hormonal characteristics were found between infertile and fertile men with iTZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Candela
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Boeri
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Urology, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda–Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Capogrosso
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ospedale di Circolo and Macchi Foundation,Varese, Italy
| | - Walter Cazzaniga
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pozzi
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Belladelli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Baudo
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ravizzoli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Ventimiglia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viganò
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Alfano
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Costantino Abbate
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Julian Cornelius
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Agostino Mattei
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
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13
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Sharma R, Iovine C, Agarwal A, Henkel R. TUNEL assay-Standardized method for testing sperm DNA fragmentation. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13738. [PMID: 32706440 DOI: 10.1111/and.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA integrity is important for normal functions such as fertilization, implantation, pregnancy and fetal development. Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is more common in infertile men and may be responsible for poor reproductive function. Although there are a number of tests available to measure SDF, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-nick end labelling TUNEL) assay using flow cytometry is becoming more popular to measure the sperm DNA fragmentation. It is a direct test that measures both single- and double- DNA strand breaks. In this review, we describe the protocol, quality control and measurement of sperm DNA fragmentation using a benchtop flow cytometer. We also briefly discuss the factors that can affect the results, challenges and clinical implications of TUNEL in assessing male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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14
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Dutta S, Henkel R, Agarwal A. Comparative analysis of tests used to assess sperm chromatin integrity and DNA fragmentation. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13718. [PMID: 32628294 DOI: 10.1111/and.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility has a complex etiology, and many times, the cause is unknown. While routine semen analysis provides an overview of basic semen parameters, such as sperm concentration, motility, viability and morphology, a significant overlap of these parameters has been reported in fertile and infertile men. Moreover, conventional semen parameters do not reveal the cellular or molecular mechanisms of sperm dysfunctions leading to infertility. Therefore, sperm functional parameters, including sperm chromatin integrity, are evaluated to provide information on subtle sperm defects that are not routinely identified. Incomplete or defective sperm chromatin condensation increases the susceptibility of the sperm DNA to oxidative damage or other factors. To evaluate sperm chromatin integrity, different methods with varying degrees of diagnostic and prognostic capabilities are available. Among these assays, SCSA, TUNEL and SCD assays are most commonly used. While these assays rather evaluate the DNA directly for damages, the aniline blue and chromomycin A3 stains test for the quality of chromatin condensation. Thus, this review discusses and compares different methods used to evaluate sperm chromatin integrity and condensation, and their inclusion in the routine evaluation of the male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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15
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Abstract
Sperm DNA damage reduces pregnancy rates in couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Because it has been shown that testicular sperm have lower DNA damage than ejaculated sperm, it is an attractive idea to consider using testicular sperm for IVF for men with high sperm DNA damage. In fact, there are multiple centers throughout the world now offering sperm retrieval for IVF to manage this condition. However, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that testicular sperm improves pregnancy/live birth rates. Further studies are required before offering sperm retrieval as a standard of care to manage high sperm DNA damage.
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16
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Atroshchenko MM, Arkhangelskaya E, Isaev DA, Stavitsky SB, Zaitsev AM, Kalaschnikov VV, Leonov S, Osipov AN. Reproductive Characteristics of Thawed Stallion Sperm. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9121099. [PMID: 31818047 PMCID: PMC6940853 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of our study was to determine a set of thawed stallion sperm characteristics that have predictive value for the pregnancy rate (PR) of mares after artificial insemination (AI). DNA fragmentation and survival of sperm during hypothermic storage were studied in addition to routinely determined semen characteristics such as concentration, percentage of motile spermatozoa, and morphology. To estimate DNA fragmentation, a modified hallo assay was applied. Sperm survival was determined within hours as the ability of spermatozoa to maintain progressive motility (PM) during the storage of ejaculate diluted with lactose-chelate-citrate-yolk (LCCY) medium at +4 °C. Strong positive correlation between PR and thawed sperm motility (r = 0.90, p < 0.05) as well as between PR and sperm survival (r = 084, p < 0.05) was revealed. There was also a strong negative correlation between PR and DNA damages in spermatozoa (r = -0.94, p < 0.05). We found no dependence of PR on normal morphology spermatozoa percentage in thawed semen. We concluded that the sperm activity, survival, and DNA fragmentation should be considered as the sufficient reproductive characteristics of semen to evaluate the quality of frozen/thawed sperm and prediction of PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail M. Atroshchenko
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Horse Breeding (ARRIH), Ryazan Oblast, Rybnovskij District 391105, Russia; (M.M.A.); (A.M.Z.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Ekaterina Arkhangelskaya
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC-FMBC), 46, Zhivopisnaya Str, Moscow 123098, Russia; (E.A.); (D.A.I.)
- Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Isaev
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC-FMBC), 46, Zhivopisnaya Str, Moscow 123098, Russia; (E.A.); (D.A.I.)
| | - Sergey B. Stavitsky
- Center for Veterinary Cell Medicine, 8/1 Tvardovsky Str, Moscow 123458, Russia;
| | - Alexander M. Zaitsev
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Horse Breeding (ARRIH), Ryazan Oblast, Rybnovskij District 391105, Russia; (M.M.A.); (A.M.Z.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Valery V. Kalaschnikov
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Horse Breeding (ARRIH), Ryazan Oblast, Rybnovskij District 391105, Russia; (M.M.A.); (A.M.Z.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Sergey Leonov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia;
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Andreyan N. Osipov
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC-FMBC), 46, Zhivopisnaya Str, Moscow 123098, Russia; (E.A.); (D.A.I.)
- Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-190-96-83
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17
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Parrella A, Keating D, Cheung S, Xie P, Stewart JD, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD. A treatment approach for couples with disrupted sperm DNA integrity and recurrent ART failure. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:2057-2066. [PMID: 31418108 PMCID: PMC6823295 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test a novel method to select spermatozoa with high chromatin integrity. DESIGN Specimens with high sperm chromatin fragmentation (SCF) were selected by density gradient selection (DGS) and microfluidic sperm sorting (MSS). SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENT(S) Ejaculates from consenting men were processed by DGS/MSS. Couples underwent ICSI cycles with spermatozoa processed by DGS/MSS. Clinical outcomes were evaluated after embryo transfer. INTERVENTION(S) SCF was measured by TUNEL. ICSI with spermatozoa selected by DGS and MSS was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Fertilization, embryo implantation, and pregnancy outcomes were compared between DGS and MSS. RESULT(S) A total of 23 men had an average SCF of 20.7 ± 10%. After DGS and MSS, the SCF was 12.5 ± 5% and 1.8 ± 1%, respectively. In couples who underwent ICSI, the average SCF was 28.8 ± 9%, which fell to 21.0 ± 9% after DGS and 1.3 ± 0.7% after MSS. Four couples underwent 11 ICSI cycles with DGS and achieved one (25%) pregnancy that resulted in pregnancy loss. In four subsequent ICSI cycles with MSS, an ongoing clinical pregnancy rate of 50% was achieved. Five additional couples underwent 12 cycles of ICSI with DGS. After preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy, 30.3% of the embryos were euploid. One pregnancy was achieved, resulting in pregnancy loss. With MSS, 31.5% of the embryos were euploid and 4 couples obtained a pregnancy. Finally, sixteen couples underwent 20 ICSI cycles solely with MSS at our center. Of these couples, 8 had failed 13 ICSI cycles with DGS elsewhere. These couples achieved an overall implantation of 34.5% (10/29) and a pregnancy rate of 58.8% (10/17). CONCLUSION(S) Microfluidic selection yielded spermatozoa with optimal genomic integrity and improved chances of obtaining a euploid conceptus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Parrella
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Derek Keating
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Stephanie Cheung
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Philip Xie
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Joshua D Stewart
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Gianpiero D Palermo
- The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
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18
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Quinn MM, Jalalian L, Ribeiro S, Ona K, Demirci U, Cedars MI, Rosen MP. Microfluidic sorting selects sperm for clinical use with reduced DNA damage compared to density gradient centrifugation with swim-up in split semen samples. Hum Reprod 2018; 33:1388-1393. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Molly M Quinn
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 550 16th Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liza Jalalian
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 550 16th Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Salustiano Ribeiro
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 550 16th Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Ona
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 550 16th Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Stanford Canary Center for Early Cancer Detection, Stanford University, 3155 Porter Dr, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Marcelle I Cedars
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 550 16th Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mitchell P Rosen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 550 16th Street, 7th Floor, San Francisco, CA, USA
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19
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Berkovitz A, Dekel Y, Goldstein R, Bsoul S, Machluf Y, Bercovich D. The significance of human spermatozoa vacuoles can be elucidated by a novel procedure of array comparative genomic hybridization. Hum Reprod 2018; 33:563-571. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arie Berkovitz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, PO Box 39040, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yaron Dekel
- Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, PO Box 97, Kazerin 1290000,Israel
- GGA—Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd., PO Box 3664, Kazerin 1290000, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800,Israel
- Zefat Academic College, Zefat 1320611,Israel
| | - Revital Goldstein
- GGA—Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd., PO Box 3664, Kazerin 1290000, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800,Israel
| | - Shhadeh Bsoul
- GGA—Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd., PO Box 3664, Kazerin 1290000, Israel
| | - Yossy Machluf
- Specialist in the Fields of Genetics, Epidemiology and Molecular Biology, Rehovot 7661509,
Israel
| | - Dani Bercovich
- GGA—Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd., PO Box 3664, Kazerin 1290000, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800,Israel
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20
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Panner Selvam MK, Agarwal A. A systematic review on sperm DNA fragmentation in male factor infertility: Laboratory assessment. Arab J Urol 2018; 16:65-76. [PMID: 29713537 PMCID: PMC5922187 DOI: 10.1016/j.aju.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To review sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) testing as an important sperm function test in addition to conventional semen analysis. High SDF is negatively associated with semen quality, the fertilisation process, embryo quality, and pregnancy outcome. Over recent decades, different SDF assays have been developed and reviewed extensively to assess their applicability and accuracy as advanced sperm function tests. Amongst them, the standardisation of the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferased UTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay with a bench top flow cytometer in clinical practice deserves special mention with a threshold value of 16.8% to differentiate infertile men with DNA damage from fertile men. Materials and methods A systematic literature search was performed through the PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect databases using the keywords ‘sperm DNA fragmentation’ and ‘laboratory assessment’. Non-English articles were excluded and studies related to humans were only included. Results Of the 618 identified, 87 studies (original research and reviews) and in addition eight book chapters meeting the selection criteria were included in this review. In all, 366 articles were rejected in the preliminary screening and a further 165 articles related to non-human subjects were excluded. Conclusion There are pros and cons to all the available SDF assays. TUNEL is a reliable technique with greater accuracy and as an additional diagnostic test in Andrology laboratories along with basic semen analysis can predict fertility outcome, and thus direct the choice of an assisted reproductive technology procedure for infertile couples. Also, the TUNEL assay can be used as a prognostic test and results are beneficial in deciding personalised treatment for infertile men.
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Key Words
- AO, acridine orange
- ART, assisted reproductive technology
- CMA3, chromomysin A3
- DFI, DNA fragmentation index
- DNA damage
- FITC, Fluorescein isothiocyanate
- ICSI, intracytoplasmic sperm injection
- IUI, intrauterine insemination
- IVF, in vitro fertilisation
- PI, propidium iodide
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SCD, sperm chromatin dispersion
- SCSA, sperm chromatin structure assay
- SDF, sperm DNA fragmentation
- Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF)
- Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) assay
- TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferased UTP nick-end labelling
- TdT, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
- Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferased UTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL)
- dUTP, 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate
- dsDNA, double-stranded DNA
- ssDNA, single-strand DNA
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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21
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Gupta S, Sharma R, Agarwal A. Inter-and Intra-Laboratory Standardization of TUNEL Assay for Assessment of Sperm DNA Fragmentation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 74:16.11.1-16.11.22. [PMID: 29117433 DOI: 10.1002/cptx.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The functional aspects of sperm activity such as sperm chromatin integrity and ability to fertilize cannot be characterized by routine semen parameters. Men with unexplained infertility and idiopathic infertility, as well as men with normozoospermic semen profiles, show high DNA fragmentation. Molecular anomalies in the sperm can be detected by a sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) assay which can be used in adjunct to conventional semen analysis. While the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) remains the "gold standard," the TUNEL assay using flow cytometry is becoming popular among the different tests that are currently available to measure sperm DNA fragmentation. In this unit, we describe the inter-laboratory and intra-laboratory standardization of the TUNEL assay using a benchtop cytometer. The article also provides a step-by-step protocol for measuring sperm DNA fragmentation using the TUNEL assay and a bench-top flow cytometer, and also points out the inherent challenges with this test. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajal Gupta
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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22
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23
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Simon L, Emery BR, Carrell DT. Review: Diagnosis and impact of sperm DNA alterations in assisted reproduction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2017; 44:38-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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24
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van Brakel J, Dinkelman-Smit M, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SMPF, Hazebroek FWJ, Dohle GR. Sperm DNA damage measured by sperm chromatin structure assay in men with a history of undescended testes. Andrology 2017. [PMID: 28637089 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare sperm DNA damage between men with a history of congenital undescended testis (UDT) and men with a history of acquired UDT. A long-term follow-up study of men with previous UDT was performed. Fifty men with congenital UDT who had undergone orchiopexy at childhood age, 49 men with acquired UDT after a 'wait-and-see'-protocol (e.g. awaiting spontaneous descent until puberty and perform an orchiopexy in case of non-decent), and 22 healthy proven fertile men were included. The DNA fragmentation index (DFI) using sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) was used to express the level of sperm DNA damage. Decreased fertility potential was considered if DFI was above 30%. Sperm DNA damage was not statistically different between cases of congenital and acquired UDT. DFI was significantly more often >30% in the complete group of men with congenital UDT (9/50; 18%) and in the subgroup with bilateral congenital UDT (3/7; 43%) in comparison with the controls (none) (p-value 0.049 and 0.01, respectively). Age at orchiopexy in congenital UDT had no statistical effect on DNA damage. In men with acquired UDT, DFI did not statistically differ between those having undergone orchiopexy and those experiencing spontaneous descent. This study supports the hypothesis that UDT is a spectrum representing both congenital UDT and acquired UDT. Sperm DNA damage at adult age is not influenced by age at orchiopexy in congenital UDT cases and by orchiopexy or spontaneous descent in acquired UDT cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - F W J Hazebroek
- Paediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - G R Dohle
- Urology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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25
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Gong MM, Sinton D. Turning the Page: Advancing Paper-Based Microfluidics for Broad Diagnostic Application. Chem Rev 2017. [PMID: 28627178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a major global health issue. Diagnosis is a critical first step in effectively managing their spread. Paper-based microfluidic diagnostics first emerged in 2007 as a low-cost alternative to conventional laboratory testing, with the goal of improving accessibility to medical diagnostics in developing countries. In this review, we examine the advances in paper-based microfluidic diagnostics for medical diagnosis in the context of global health from 2007 to 2016. The theory of fluid transport in paper is first presented. The next section examines the strategies that have been employed to control fluid and analyte transport in paper-based assays. Tasks such as mixing, timing, and sequential fluid delivery have been achieved in paper and have enabled analytical capabilities comparable to those of conventional laboratory methods. The following section examines paper-based sample processing and analysis. The most impactful advancement here has been the translation of nucleic acid analysis to a paper-based format. Smartphone-based analysis is another exciting development with potential for wide dissemination. The last core section of the review highlights emerging health applications, such as male fertility testing and wearable diagnostics. We conclude the review with the future outlook, remaining challenges, and emerging opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max M Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8
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Ribeiro S, Sharma R, Gupta S, Cakar Z, De Geyter C, Agarwal A. Inter- and intra-laboratory standardization of TUNEL assay for assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation. Andrology 2017; 5:477-485. [PMID: 28245344 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the challenges with the sperm DNA fragmentation results is the inconsistency and the large variability in the results obtained by different techniques. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay quantifies the incorporation of fluoresceinated dUTP into single- and double-strand DNA breaks by labeling the 3'-OH terminal with TdT. The goal of this study was optimize the TUNEL protocol for assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation by standardization of the method and comparison of the data across two reference laboratories (i) at Basel, Switzerland and (ii) Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA. Semen samples from 31 subjects grouped into three cohorts. Sperm DNA fragmentation was data measured by two experienced operators at two different laboratories using identical semen samples, assay kit, protocol and acquisition settings using identical flow cytometers (BD Accuri C6). No significant differences were observed between the duplicates in any of the experiments performed. By including an additional washing step after fixation in paraformaldehyde, a high correlation was seen between the two laboratories (r = 0.94). A strong positive correlation was observed between the average sperm DNA fragmentation rates (r = 0.719). The mean sperm DNA fragmentation measured in each laboratory was similar. Both flow cytometers were identical in their settings and performance. This inter- and intra-laboratory study establishes that TUNEL is a reproducible assay when utilizing a standardized staining protocol and flow cytometer acquisition settings. Standardization and consensual guidelines for TUNEL validate the assay and establishes TUNEL as a robust test for measuring sperm DNA fragmentation especially in a multicenter setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ribeiro
- Clinic of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - S Gupta
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Z Cakar
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C De Geyter
- Clinic of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Minari J, Salau O. Studies on the protamine 1 gene in the sperm DNA of male albino rats treated with local gin using BseR I endonuclease. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjr.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Bradley CK, McArthur SJ, Gee AJ, Weiss KA, Schmidt U, Toogood L. Intervention improves assisted conception intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes for patients with high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation: a retrospective analysis. Andrology 2016; 4:903-10. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Tsai YR, Huang FJ, Lin PY, Kung FT, Lin YJ, Lan KC. Clinical outcomes and development of children born to couples with obstructive and nonobstructive azoospermia undergoing testicular sperm extraction-intracytoplasmic sperm injection: A comparative study. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 54:155-9. [PMID: 25951720 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes and development of children born between obstructive azoospermia (OA) couples and nonobstructive azoospermia couples (NOA) after testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected from infertile couples suffering from azoospermia who underwent TESE and ICSI from January 2001 to December 2009 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. A total of 154 ICSI cycles were performed using extracted testicular sperm from men with obstructive azoospermia (67 ICSI cycles) and men with nonobstructive azoospermia (87 ICSI cycles). Retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes and development of children born after TESE-ICSE between obstructive azoospermia couples and nonobstructive azoospermia couples. RESULTS The assisted reproductive technology (ART) result between OA and NOA groups, including age, E2 level on hCG day, number of oocytes retrieved, normal fertilization rate, zygote Grade 1 score distribution, number of top-quality embryos transferred, clinical pregnancy rate per transfer, chemical pregnancy rate per transfer, implantation rate, live birth rate per transfer, and abortion rate per transfer, were all similar. Thirty-one live births resulted from 67 ICSE cycles in the OA group and 33 live births from 87 ICSE cycles in the NOA group. The obstetric and perinatal outcomes were similar between the groups, and children conceived by using ICSI were generally healthy without raised tendency of major birth defect and development impairment. CONCLUSION In our study, there were no differences in the fertility rate and clinic pregnancy rate between the OA and NOA groups using TESE-ICSI. Also, the clinical outcomes and development of children were similar between the OA and the NOA groups using TESE-ICSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Jen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yao Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tsai Kung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jui Lin
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chung Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay using bench top flow cytometer for evaluation of sperm DNA fragmentation in fertility laboratories: protocol, reference values, and quality control. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:291-300. [PMID: 26780327 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0635-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to provide a detailed protocol and quality control steps for measuring sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay using a new bench top flow cytometer, determine the reference value of SDF, and assess sensitivity, specificity, and distribution of SDF in infertile men and controls with proven and unproven fertility. METHODS Semen specimens from 95 controls and 261 infertile men referred to a male infertility testing laboratory were tested for SDF by TUNEL assay using Apo-Direct kit and a bench top flow cytometer. Percentage of cells positive for TUNEL was calculated. Inter- and intraobserver variability was examined. TUNEL cutoff value, sensitivity, specificity, and distribution of different cutoff values in controls and infertile patients were calculated. RESULTS The reference value of SDF by TUNEL assay was 16.8 % with a specificity of 91.6 % and sensitivity of 32.6 %. The positive and negative predictive values were 91.4 and 33.1 %, respectively. The upper limit of DNA damage in infertile men was significantly higher (68.9 %) than that in the controls (19.6 %). CONCLUSIONS TUNEL assay using flow cytometry is a reproducible and easy method to determine SDF. At a cutoff point of 16.8 %, the test showed high specificity and positive predictive value. The results of this test could identify infertile men whose sperm DNA fragmentation does not contribute to their infertility and confirm that a man who tests positive is likely to be infertile due to elevated sperm DNA fragmentation.
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Lim D, Shaw IC. Is there a link between dietary phytoestrogens and reproductive health in men? A meta-analysis of data from the USA and China. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Lim
- Human Toxicology Research Group; Department of Chemistry; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Ian C. Shaw
- Human Toxicology Research Group; Department of Chemistry; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
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Jeng HA, Pan CH, Chao MR, Lin WY. Sperm DNA oxidative damage and DNA adducts. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2015; 794:75-82. [PMID: 26653986 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate DNA damage and adducts in sperm from coke oven workers who have been exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A longitudinal study was conducted with repeated measurements during spermatogenesis. Coke-oven workers (n=112) from a coke-oven plant served the PAH-exposed group, while administrators and security personnel (n=67) served the control. Routine semen parameters (concentration, motility, vitality, and morphology) were analyzed simultaneously; the assessment of sperm DNA integrity endpoints included DNA fragmentation, bulky DNA adducts, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGuo). The degree of sperm DNA fragmentation was measured using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay and sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). The PAH-exposed group had a significant increase in bulky DNA adducts and 8-oxo-dGuo compared to the control subjects (Ps=0.002 and 0.045, respectively). Coke oven workers' percentages of DNA fragmentation and denaturation from the PAH-exposed group were not significantly different from those of the control subjects (Ps=0.232 and 0.245, respectively). Routine semen parameters and DNA integrity endpoints were not correlated. Concentrations of 8-oxo-dGuo were positively correlated with percentages of DNA fragmentation measured by both TUNEL and SCSA (Ps=0.045 and 0.034, respectively). However, the concentrations of 8-oxo-dGuo and percentages of DNA fragmentation did not correlate with concentrations of bulky DNA adducts. In summary, coke oven workers with chronic exposure to PAHs experienced decreased sperm DNA integrity. Oxidative stress could contribute to the degree of DNA fragmentation. Bulky DNA adducts may be independent of the formation of DNA fragmentation and oxidative adducts in sperm. Monitoring sperm DNA integrity is recommended as a part of the process of assessing the impact of occupational and environmental toxins on sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hueiwang Anna Jeng
- School of Community and Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, 4608 Hampton Boulevard, Health Sciences Building Room 3140 Norfolk, VA, USA.
| | - Chih-Hong Pan
- Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Labor, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Mu-Rong Chao
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Lin
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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DNA integrity of canine spermatozoa during chill storage assessed by the sperm chromatin dispersion test using bright-field or fluorescence microscopy. Theriogenology 2015; 84:399-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Stahl PJ, Cogan C, Mehta A, Bolyakov A, Paduch DA, Goldstein M. Concordance among sperm deoxyribonucleic acid integrity assays and semen parameters. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:56-61.e1. [PMID: 25989978 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the concordance of sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) results, epifluorescence TUNEL assay results, and standard semen parameters. DESIGN Prospective, observational study. SETTING Tertiary referral andrology clinic. PATIENT(S) A total of 212 men evaluated for subfertility by a single physician. INTERVENTION(S) Clinical history, physical examination, semen analysis, SCSA, and TUNEL assay. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (r) between SCSA DNA fragmentation index (DFI), percentage TUNEL-positive sperm, and semen analysis parameters. RESULT(S) There was a positive correlation between SCSA DFI and TUNEL (r = 0.31), but the strength of this correlation was weaker than has previously been reported. The discordance rate between SCSA and TUNEL in classifying patients as normal or abnormal was 86 of 212 (40.6%). The SCSA DFI was moderately negatively correlated with sperm concentration and motility. The TUNEL results were unrelated to standard semen parameters. CONCLUSION(S) The SCSA DFI and percentage TUNEL-positive sperm are moderately correlated measures of sperm DNA integrity but yield different results in a large percentage of patients. The DFI is well-correlated with semen analysis parameters, whereas TUNEL is not. These data indicate that the SCSA and TUNEL assay measure different aspects of sperm DNA integrity and should not be used interchangeably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Stahl
- Department of Urology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
| | - Chava Cogan
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Akanksha Mehta
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alex Bolyakov
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Darius A Paduch
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Marc Goldstein
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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Esfandiari N, de Lamirande E, Gukturk A, San Gabriel MC, Nazemian Z, Burjaq H, Casper RF, Zini A. Seminal hyperviscosity is not associated with semenogelin degradation or sperm deoxyribonucleic acid damage: a prospective study of infertile couples. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:1599-603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Belloc S, Benkhalifa M, Cohen-Bacrie M, Dalleac A, Amar E, Zini A. Sperm deoxyribonucleic acid damage in normozoospermic men is related to age and sperm progressive motility. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:1588-93. [PMID: 24690240 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate sperm DNA fragmentation in normozoospermic male partners of couples undergoing infertility evaluation. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Clinical andrology laboratory. PATIENT(S) A total of 1,974 consecutive normozoospermic men selected from a larger cohort of 4,345 consecutive, nonazoospermic men presenting for infertility evaluation. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Clinical parameters, conventional semen parameters, and sperm DNA fragmentation assessed by flow cytometry-based TUNEL assay and reported as percent sperm DNA fragmentation (%SDF). RESULT(S) The mean (± SD) %SDF and the proportion of men with high %SDF (>30%) were significantly lower in the normozoospermic compared with the entire cohort of 4,345 evaluable infertile men (17.6% ± 10.1% vs. 20.7% ± 12.4% and 11% vs. 20%, respectively). In the group of 1,974 normozoospermic men, %SDF was positively correlated with paternal age (r = 0.17) and inversely correlated with progressive motility (r = -0.26). In the subset of normozoospermic men with sperm parameters above the 50th percentile (≥ 73 × 10(6) sperm/mL, ≥ 55% progressive motility, and ≥ 14% normal forms, World Health Organization 2010 guidelines), 5% (4 of 83) had elevated %SDF (>30%). CONCLUSION(S) In this large cohort of normozoospermic men presenting for infertility evaluation, DNA fragmentation level is related to sperm motility and paternal age, and 11% of these men have high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, the data indicate that a nonnegligible proportion (5%) of normozoospermic men with high-normal sperm parameters may also have significant sperm DNA fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Armand Zini
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Nosrati R, Vollmer M, Eamer L, San Gabriel MC, Zeidan K, Zini A, Sinton D. Rapid selection of sperm with high DNA integrity. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:1142-50. [PMID: 24464038 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc51254a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Sperm selection is essential to assisted reproductive technology (ART), influencing treatment outcomes and the health of offspring. The fundamental challenge of sperm selection is dictated by biology: a heterogeneous population of ~10(8) sperm per milliliter with a short lifetime in vitro. However, conventional sperm selection approaches result in less than 50% improvement in DNA integrity. Here, a clinically applicable microfluidic device is presented that selects sperm based on the progressive motility in 500 parallel microchannels. The result is a one-step procedure for semen purification and high DNA integrity sperm selection from 1 mL of raw semen in under 20 minutes. Experiments with bull sperm indicate more than 89% improvement in selected sperm vitality. Clinical tests with human sperm show more than 80% improvement in human DNA integrity, significantly outperforming the best current practices. These results demonstrate the presence of a sub-population of sperm with nearly intact chromatin and DNA integrity, and a simple clinically-applicable lab-on-a-chip method to select this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Nosrati
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8.
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Which isolated sperm abnormality is most related to sperm DNA damage in men presenting for infertility evaluation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:527-32. [PMID: 24566945 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sperm DNA damage is common in infertile men and is associated with poor semen parameters but the impact of an isolated sperm abnormality on sperm DNA damage has not been studied. OBJECTIVE To evaluate sperm DNA damage in a large cohort of infertile men with isolated sperm defects. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective study of 1084 consecutive, non-azoospermic infertile men with an isolated sperm defect: isolated oligozoospermia (iOligo), isolated asthenozoospermia (iAstheno) or isolated teratozoospermia (iTerato). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS We examined and compared clinical parameters, conventional semen parameters and %sperm DNA fragmentation (%SDF, assessed by flow cytometry-based Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP Nick End-Labeling assay) in the three groups of men. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS The mean (±SD) %SDF was significantly higher in the iAstheno compared to the iOligo and iTerato groups (25.0 ± 14.0 vs. 19.2 ± 11.6 and 20.7 ± 12.1 %, respectively, P < 0.0001). Similarly, the proportion of men with high %SDF (>30 %) was significantly higher in the iAstheno compared to the iOligo and iTerato groups (31 % vs. 18 % and 19 %, respectively, P < 0.0001). In the group of 713 men with iAstheno, %SDF was positively correlated with paternal age (r = 0.20, P < 0.0001) and inversely correlated with %progressive motility (r = -0.18, P < 0.0001). In the subset of 218 men with iTerato, %SDF was also positively correlated with paternal age (r = 0.15, P = 0.018) and inversely correlated with %progressive motility (r = -0.26, P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort of infertile men with isolated sperm abnormalities, we have found that the sperm DNA fragmentation level is highest in the men with sperm motility defects and that 31 % of these men have high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation. The data indicate that poor motility is the sperm parameter abnormality most closely related to sperm DNA damage.
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Zini A, Albert O, Robaire B. Assessing sperm chromatin and DNA damage: clinical importance and development of standards. Andrology 2014; 2:322-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00193.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Zini
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery; McGill University; Montreal QC Canada
| | - O. Albert
- Departments of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and of Obstetrics & Gynecology; McGill University; Montreal QC Canada
| | - B. Robaire
- Departments of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and of Obstetrics & Gynecology; McGill University; Montreal QC Canada
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Tavares RS, Silva AF, Lourenço B, Almeida-Santos T, Sousa AP, Ramalho-Santos J. Evaluation of human sperm chromatin status after selection using a modified Diff-Quik stain indicates embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes following in vitro fertilization. Andrology 2013; 1:830-7. [PMID: 24124136 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sperm chromatin/DNA damage can be measured by a variety of assays. However, it has been reported that these tests may lose prognostic value in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) cycles when assessed in post-prepared samples, possibly due to the normalizing effect promoted by sperm preparation procedures. We have recently implemented a modified version of the Diff-Quik staining assay that allows for the evaluation of human sperm chromatin status in native samples, together with standard sperm morphology assessment. However, the value of this parameter in terms of predicting in vitro fertilization (IVF) and Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes after sperm selection is unknown. In this study, data from 138 couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) or Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments showed that sperm chromatin integrity was significantly improved after density gradient centrifugation and swim up (p < 0.001), but no correlations were found with fertilization or embryo development rates (p > 0.05). However, sperm samples presenting lower percentages of damaged chromatin were associated with better quality (Grade I) embryos in both ART procedures (p < 0.05) and clinical pregnancy among IVF couples (p < 0.05). Furthermore, regression analysis confirmed the clinical value of Diff-Quik staining in predicting IVF (but not ICSI) clinical pregnancy (OR: 0.927, 95% CI: 0.871-0.985, p = 0.015), and a threshold value of 34.25% for this parameter was established. The proportion of IVF couples achieving a clinical pregnancy was reduced 1.9-fold when the percentage of abnormal dark staining was ≥34.25% (p = 0.05). In conclusion, the Diff-Quik staining assay provides useful information regarding ART success, particularly in IVF cycles, where some degree of 'natural' sperm selection may occur; but not in ICSI, where sperm selection is operator dependent. This quick and low-cost assay is suggested as an alternative method to detect sperm chromatin status in minimal clinical settings, when no other well-established and robust assays (e.g. Sperm chromatin structure assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUDP nick-end labelling) are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Tavares
- Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Alkhayal A, San Gabriel M, Zeidan K, Alrabeeah K, Noel D, McGraw R, Bissonnette F, Kadoch IJ, Zini A. Sperm DNA and chromatin integrity in semen samples used for intrauterine insemination. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 30:1519-24. [PMID: 24068511 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-013-0101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sperm DNA damage is associated with male infertility but whether normozoospermic infertile men also have DNA damage is unknown. OBJECTIVE To evaluate sperm DNA and chromatin integrity in men with mild male factor infertility. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective study of 102 consecutive men (78 normozoospermic, 15 asthenozoospermic, 9 oligozoospermic) enrolled for intrauterine insemination (IUI) and 15 fertile controls. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Standard semen parameters and sperm chromatin and DNA integrity were assessed and compared between groups. Sperm chromatin quality was assessed by (1) aniline blue staining (AB is specific to histone lysines), (2) iodoacetamide fluorescein fluorescence (IAF targets free protamine sulfhydryl groups) and (3) sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) with the results expressed as % DNA fragmentation index (%DFI). RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS The mean (±SD) percentage of spermatozoa with positive IAF fluorescence was significantly higher in the IUI population compared to fertile controls (17 % ± 10 % vs. 8 % ± 6 %, P = 0.0011) and also in the normozoospermic subset (n = 78) compared to controls (16 % ± 9 % vs. 8 % ± 6 %, P < 0.0001, ANOVA). We also observed a trend toward lower %progressive motility, and higher %AB staining and %DFI in the IUI group compared to controls. We observed significant relationships between sperm %DFI and progressive motility (r = -0.40, P < 0.0001) and between positive AB staining and IAF fluorescence (r = 0.58, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that sperm chromatin integrity may be abnormal in men enrolled in IUI treatment cycles, despite the fact that most of these men are normozoospermic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alkhayal
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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One abstinence day decreases sperm DNA fragmentation in 90 % of selected patients. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 30:1211-8. [PMID: 23996278 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-013-0089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this prospective descriptive study was to evaluate the efficacy of reducing sexual abstinence as a strategy to decrease sperm DNA fragmentation. METHODS Men with one or more of the following characteristics were included in the study: older than 44, smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day, with a body mass index over 25, diabetes mellitus, varicocele, a previous chemotherapy treatment, severe oligozoospermia, prostatitis, cryptorchidism, having a partner with recurrent miscarriage and/or implantation failure, poor embryo morphology and/or fertilization failure. Patients were asked to produce a semen sample after 3 to 7 abstinence days which was subjected to a sperm DNA fragmentation test. When DNA fragmentation was above or equal to 30 %, it was considered to be altered. Patients with increased DNA fragmentation were asked to produce another semen sample following a "one abstinence day protocol". This protocol required producing up to three semen samples with 1 day of abstinence and measuring sperm DNA fragmentation. RESULTS Four hundred and sixteen patients produced a first semen sample after a sexual abstinence of 3 to 7 days. Sperm DNA fragmentation was altered in 46 samples (11.1 %). Thirty five patients with increased DNA fragmentation samples completed the "one abstinence day protocol". DNA fragmentation decreased to normal values in one of the three attempts in 91.4 % of the patients: 81.3 % in the first attempt, 12.5 % in the second try and 6.3 % in the third. CONCLUSIONS This approach could be a simple, low-cost and effective way to decrease sperm DNA damage to normal values.
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Evaluation of sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage and effects on embryo development using a mouse cryptorchidism model. Urology 2013; 82:743.e17-23. [PMID: 23890666 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage on fertilization and embryo development using a mouse cryptorchidism model of sperm DNA damage induction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male ICR mice (aged 5-6 weeks) underwent cryptorchidism on their left testicles and sham operations on their right testicles. Spermatogenesis and sperm DNA fragmentation were assessed after 1, 2, and 4 weeks using hematoxylin-eosin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling assays. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection into the oocytes of BDF1 females (aged 4-6 weeks) was performed using DNA-damaged sperm and normal sperm, and the fertilization rates and embryonic development were compared. RESULTS The testicular weight and size gradually decreased after induction of cryptorchidism, with progressive reduction of spermatogenesis and increased DNA damage after 1, 2, and 4 weeks. After intracytoplasmic sperm injection, the fertilization and blastocyst development rates were significantly lower in the cryptorchidism group; however, about one quarter of the embryos arising from DNA-damaged sperm continued to develop. CONCLUSION This was an in vivo animal study to evaluate the effects of sperm DNA damage using a cryptorchidism model. Sperm DNA damage increased significantly over time after cryptorchidism. This model could be useful in investigating male factor infertility and evaluating the biologic effects of paternal DNA damage on fertilization and future embryonic development.
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High prevalence of isolated sperm DNA damage in infertile men with advanced paternal age. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 30:843-8. [PMID: 23722935 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-013-0015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sperm DNA damage is associated with male infertility, lower pregnancy rates and pregnancy loss. OBJECTIVE The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of sperm DNA damage in younger and older men with normozoospermia. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We obtained semen from 277 consecutive non-azoospermic men presenting for sperm DNA testing. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The main outcome measures included sperm % DNA fragmentation index (%DFI, using sperm chromatin structure assay), sperm concentration, motility and morphology, and, paternal age. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Sperm % DFI was positively correlated with paternal age (r = 0.20, P < 0.001) and inversely correlated % progressive motility (r = -0.16, P = 0.01). Sperm %DFI was significantly higher in older (≥40 years) compared to younger (<40 years) normozoospermic men (17 ± 13 vs. 12 ± 8, respectively P = 0.008), whereas, sperm concentration, progressive motility and morphology were not significantly different in these two groups. Moreover, the prevalence of high levels of sperm DNA damage (>30 % DFI) was significantly higher in older compared to younger normozoospermic men (17 % vs. 3 %, respectively, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The data indicate that a conventional semen analysis can often fail to detect a defect in spermatogenesis (high %DFI) in older men and suggest that infertile couples with advanced paternal age, including those with normal semen parameters, should consider sperm DNA testing as part of the couple evaluation.
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Kaspersen MD, Bungum M, Fedder J, Bonde J, Larsen PB, J Ingerslev H, Höllsberg P. No increased sperm DNA fragmentation index in semen containing human papillomavirus or herpesvirus. Andrology 2013; 1:361-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. D. Kaspersen
- Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus C; Denmark
| | - M. Bungum
- Reproductive Medicine Centre (RMC); Skåne University Hospital; Malmö; Sweden
| | - J. Fedder
- Fertility Clinic; Odense University Hospital; Odense C; Denmark
| | - J. Bonde
- Department of Pathology; Clinical Research Center; Hvidovre Hospital; Hvidovre; Denmark
| | - P. B. Larsen
- Cryos International Sperm Bank; Aarhus C; Denmark
| | - H. J Ingerslev
- Fertility Clinic; University Hospital of Aarhus; Aarhus N; Denmark
| | - P. Höllsberg
- Department of Biomedicine; Aarhus University; Aarhus C; Denmark
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Atig F, Kerkeni A, Saad A, Ajina M. Effects of reduced seminal enzymatic antioxidants on sperm DNA fragmentation and semen quality of Tunisian infertile men. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 34:373-381. [PMID: 23354588 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-013-9936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate levels of sperm DNA fragmentation and enzymatic antioxidant status in seminal plasma of Tunisian fertile and infertile men in order to assess the effects of seminal oxidative stress on sperm DNA integrity and semen quality. METHODS Semen samples from 100 infertile patients (40 oligoasthenoteratozoospermics, 31 teratozoospermics and 29 asthenozoospermics) and 50 fertile men (controls) were analyzed for DNA fragmentation by TUNEL assay and biochemical parameters. Seminal antioxidant activities (Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase and Catalase) and malondialdehyde concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically. RESULTS Sperm DNA fragmentation and malondialdehyde levels in infertile groups were more elevated than controls. Nevertheless, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes were significantly lower in abnormal groups compared to normozoospermics. Sperm DNA fragmentation was closely and positively correlated to malondialdehyde levels (r = 0.37, P = 0.008); meanwhile, reduced seminal antioxidant profile was negatively associated to sperm DNA fragmentation. Interestingly, we noted also that sperm DNA fragmentation was negatively correlated to sperm motility (r = -0.54, P < 0.001) and positively associated to the abnormal sperm morphology (r = 0.57, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS This report revealed that increased sperm DNA fragmentation can be due to the impaired seminal enzymatic antioxidant profile and increased Lipid peroxidation. Our results sustain that the evaluation of sperm DNA fragmentation and seminal oxidative biomarkers in infertile men is recommended as a consistent prognostic tool for male infertility assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Atig
- Unit of Reproductive Medicine, University Farhat Hached Hospital, 4000, Soussa, Tunisia. .,Department of Cytogenetic and Reproductive Biology, University Farhat Hached Hospital, 4000, Soussa, Tunisia. .,Research Laboratory of "Trace elements, free radicals and antioxidants", Biophysical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Abdelhamid Kerkeni
- Research Laboratory of "Trace elements, free radicals and antioxidants", Biophysical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ali Saad
- Unit of Reproductive Medicine, University Farhat Hached Hospital, 4000, Soussa, Tunisia.,Department of Cytogenetic and Reproductive Biology, University Farhat Hached Hospital, 4000, Soussa, Tunisia
| | - Mounir Ajina
- Unit of Reproductive Medicine, University Farhat Hached Hospital, 4000, Soussa, Tunisia.,Department of Cytogenetic and Reproductive Biology, University Farhat Hached Hospital, 4000, Soussa, Tunisia
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Wang YJ, Zhang RQ, Lin YJ, Zhang RG, Zhang WL. Relationship between varicocele and sperm DNA damage and the effect of varicocele repair: a meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2012; 25:307-14. [PMID: 22809864 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Varicocele, a cause of male infertility, occurs in nearly 40% of infertile males. It has been postulated that varicoceles may cause sperm DNA damage. Sperm DNA integrity has been recognized as one of the important determinants of normal fertilization and embryo growth in natural and assisted conception. Eighty-three human studies were identified after an extensive literature search involving the role of varicoceles in sperm DNA damage. Of the 83 studies, 12 were selected that measured similar types of reactive sperm DNA damage. Seven studies determined the damage of sperm DNA in varicocele-associated patients and six studies evaluated the efficacy of varicocelectomy. One study was a duplicate because both outcomes were included. Data were analysed using RevMan software. The overall estimate showed that patients with varicoceles have significantly higher sperm DNA damage than controls, with a mean difference of 9.84% (95% CI 9.19 to 10.49; P<0.00001). A varicocelectomy can improve sperm DNA integrity, with a mean difference of -3.37% (95% CI -4.09 to -2.65; P<0.00001). In conclusion, there is increased sperm DNA damage in patients with varicoceles and varicocelectomy may be a possible treatment; however, more studies with appropriate controls are needed to confirm this finding. A varicocele is an important cause of male infertility and occurs in nearly 40% of infertile males. The recent understanding of the effect of varicoceles in male reproduction has led some researchers to postulate varicoceles as the possible cause of sperm DNA damage. Eighty-three human studies were identified after an extensive literature search involving the role of varicoceles in sperm DNA damage. Of the 83 studies, 12 were selected that measured similar types of reactive sperm DNA damage by a similar method. Seven studies determined the damage of sperm DNA in varicocele-associated patients and six studies evaluated the efficacy of varicocelectomy. One study was a duplicate because both outcomes were included. The data were then entered in the RevMan software for analysis. The overall estimate showed that patients with varicoceles have significantly higher sperm DNA damage than controls, with a mean difference of 9.84% (95% CI 9.19 to 10.49; P<0.00001). A varicocelectomy can improve sperm DNA integrity, with a mean difference of -3.37% (95% CI -4.09 to -2.65; P<0.00001). Based on the results, it can be concluded that there is increased sperm DNA damage in patients with varicoceles and that varicocelectomy may be a possible treatment; however, more studies with appropriate controls are needed to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jun Wang
- Department of Urologic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Varshini J, Srinag BS, Kalthur G, Krishnamurthy H, Kumar P, Rao SBS, Adiga SK. Poor sperm quality and advancing age are associated with increased sperm DNA damage in infertile men. Andrologia 2011; 44 Suppl 1:642-9. [PMID: 22040161 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01243.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing evidence for faulty paternal contribution to reproduction, there has been a steady increase in studies highlighting an association between sperm DNA damage, failed/delayed fertilisation and aberrant embryo development. Owing to prevailing ambiguity, the aims of the study were to analyse the genetic integrity of the male gamete and then to understand its association with age, standard semen parameters, lifestyle and occupational factors. The study included 504 subjects, attending university infertility clinic for fertility evaluation and treatment. Semen characteristics were analysed by standard criteria; terminal deoxynucelotidyl transferase-mediated nick end-labelling assay was employed for DNA damage assessment. The average incidence of sperm DNA damage in patients with normozoospermic semen parameters was <10%. Patients with oligozoospermia, severe oligozoospermia, oligoasthenoteratospermia, asthenoteratozoospermia and necrozoospermia had significantly higher level of sperm DNA damage (P < 0.001). Patients above 40 years of age had significantly high levels of DNA damage (P < 0.001) compared with their counterparts. Patients with varicocele and a history of alcohol consumption had higher incidence of spermatozoa with DNA damage (P < 0.01). Poor sperm characteristics in the ejaculate are associated with increased sperm DNA damage. Age-related increase in sperm DNA damage and association of the same with varicocele and alcohol consumption are also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Varshini
- Clinical Embryology, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
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Luo Y, Liao W, Chen Y, Cui J, Liu F, Jiang C, Gao W, Gao Y. Altitude can alter the mtDNA copy number and nDNA integrity in sperm. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011; 28:951-6. [PMID: 21909897 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-011-9620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mitochondria are factories for energy production and genetic alterations in mtDNA will directly impact OXPHOS function. The copy number of mtDNA (i.e., the number of mtDNA per spermatozoon) is one of the major mitochondrial genetic features. Besides mtDNA copy number, the change of either mtDNA or nDNA integrity is another important factor causing asthenospermia, or poor sperm motility in infertile men. In this study, we investigated the mtDNA copy number and the integrities of mtDNA and nDNA respectively in semen samples from different donors at 5,300 m altitudes. METHODS Total DNA was extracted from semen samples from donors in two different altitudes. Quantitative PCR was performed to evaluate the mtDNA copy number. PCR amplification was used to examine the integrity of sperm mtDNA. Flow cytometry was carried out to investigate sperm nDNA integrity. All data were analyzed to show the statistical significance. RESULTS Sperm mtDNA copy number for those living at high altitude (5,300 m) for one month was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than for those at the lower altitude (1,400 m) or in donors who had been living at the 5,300 m altitude for 1 year. In addition, sperm mtDNA copy numbers were remarkably decreased (P < 0.05) in those who had lived at the greater altitude for 1 year compared to those who had lived there for one month. The ratio of nDNA integrity among the 10,000 sperms at high altitude for one month was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that at the lower altitude (1,400 m) or at 5,300 m for 1 year, and the ratio of nDNA integrity sperms at high altitude for 1 year was increased, and higher than that for at the lower altitude (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION High altitude can alter the mtDNA copy number and nDNA integrity in the sperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Luo
- Department of High Altitude Disease, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
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Zribi N, Chakroun NF, Elleuch H, Abdallah FB, Ben Hamida AS, Gargouri J, Fakhfakh F, Keskes LA. Sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidation are independent of malondialdheyde. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011; 9:47. [PMID: 21492479 PMCID: PMC3098153 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is clinical evidence to show that sperm DNA damage could be a marker of sperm quality and extensive data exist on the relationship between DNA damage and male fertility status. Detecting such damage in sperm could provide new elements besides semen parameters in diagnosing male infertility. We aimed to assess sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidation and to study the association between these two markers, routine semen parameters and malondialdehyde formation. METHODS Semen samples from 55 men attending the Histology-Embryology Laboratory of Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Tunisia, for semen investigations were analysed for sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidation using flow cytometry. The Sperm was also assessed spectrophotometrically for malondialdehyde formation. RESULTS Within the studied group, 21 patients were nonasthenozoospermic (sperm motility ≥ 50%) and 34 patients were considered asthenozoospermic (sperm motility < 50%). A positive correlation was found between sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidation (p = 0.01; r = 0.33). We also found a negative correlation between sperm DNA fragmentation and some sperm parameters: total motility (p = 0.001; r = -0.43), rapid progressive motility (type a motility) (p = 0.04; r = -0.27), slow progressive motility (type b motility) (p = 0.03; r = -0.28), and vitality (p < 0.001; r = -0.65). Sperm DNA fragmentation was positively correlated with coiled tail (p = 0.01; r = 0.34). The two parameters that were found to be correlated with oxidative DNA damage were leucocytes concentrations (p = 0.01; r = 0.38) and broken neck (p = 0.02; r = 0.29). Sperm MDA levels were negatively correlated with sperm concentration (p < 0.001; r = -0.57), total motility (p = 0.01; r = -0.35) and type a motility (p = 0.03; r = -0.32); but not correlated with DNA fragmentation and DNA oxidation. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the evidence that oxidative stress plays a key role in inducing DNA damage; but nuclear alterations and malondialdehyde don't seem to be synchronous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassira Zribi
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Avenue Magida Boulila 3028 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nozha Feki Chakroun
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Avenue Magida Boulila 3028 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Henda Elleuch
- Regional Center of Blood Transfusion of Sfax, El Ain Road, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ben Abdallah
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Avenue Magida Boulila 3028 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Afifa Sellami Ben Hamida
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Avenue Magida Boulila 3028 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jalel Gargouri
- Regional Center of Blood Transfusion of Sfax, El Ain Road, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Avenue Magida Boulila 3028 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Leila Ammar Keskes
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Avenue Magida Boulila 3028 Sfax, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Avenue Magida Boulila 3028 Sfax, Tunisia
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