1
|
Veepanattu P, Singh S, Mendelson M, Nampoothiri V, Edathadatil F, Surendran S, Bonaconsa C, Mbamalu O, Ahuja S, Birgand G, Tarrant C, Sevdalis N, Ahmad R, Castro-Sanchez E, Holmes A, Charani E. Building resilient and responsive research collaborations to tackle antimicrobial resistance-Lessons learnt from India, South Africa, and UK. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 100:278-282. [PMID: 32860949 PMCID: PMC7449941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Research, collaboration, and knowledge exchange are critical to global efforts to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Different healthcare economies are faced with different challenges in implementing effective strategies to address AMR. Building effective capacity for research to inform AMR-related strategies and policies is recognised as an important contributor to success. Interdisciplinary, intersector, as well as international collaborations are needed to span global to local efforts to tackle AMR. The development of reciprocal, long-term partnerships between collaborators in high-income and in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) needs to be built on principles of capacity building. Using case studies spanning local and international research collaborations to codesign, implement, and evaluate strategies to tackle AMR, we have evaluated and build upon the ESSENCE criteria for capacity building in LMICs. The first case study describes the local codesign and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in the state of Kerala in India. The second case study describes an international research collaboration investigating AMR surgical patient pathways in India, the UK, and South Africa. We describe the steps undertaken to develop robust, agile, and flexible AMS research and implementation teams. Notably, investing in capacity building ensured that the programmes described in these case studies were sustained through the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pandemic. Describing the strategies adopted by a local and an international collaboration to tackle AMR, we provide a model for capacity building in LMICs that can support sustainable and agile AMS programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Veepanattu
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - S Singh
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - M Mendelson
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - V Nampoothiri
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - F Edathadatil
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - S Surendran
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - C Bonaconsa
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - O Mbamalu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S Ahuja
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, UK
| | - G Birgand
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK
| | - C Tarrant
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, George Davies Centre, University Road, Leicester, UK
| | - N Sevdalis
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, UK
| | - R Ahmad
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK; Division of Health Sciences, City University, London, UK
| | - E Castro-Sanchez
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK; Division of Health Sciences, City University, London, UK
| | - A Holmes
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK
| | - E Charani
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ibeneme S, Ongom M, Ukor N, Okeibunor J. Realigning Health Systems Strategies and Approaches; What Should African Countries Do to Strengthen Health Systems for the Sustainable Development Goals? Front Public Health 2020; 8:372. [PMID: 32850595 PMCID: PMC7426464 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The African region is experiencing peculiar demographic, economic, social and environmental challenges that place pressures on the health systems. While the need to explore ways to address identified health systems challenges is far from easy, there are substantial evidence that having robust frameworks and metrics to direct efforts and priorities of countries could be rewarding. In view of persisting regional health systems' challenges the World Health Organization African regional office proposed the adoption of a comprehensive health system strengthening action framework that provides an opportunity to translate global health policy into operational strategies for Africa's health sector policies, strategies and operations. The adoption of the action framework could support the realization of regional health objectives and priorities, and guide movement toward sustainable developments in countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Moses Ongom
- World Health Organization - Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Nkiruka Ukor
- World Health Organization - Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Okeibunor
- World Health Organization - African Regional Office, Brazzaville, Congo
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Towards a Tourism and Community-Development Framework: An African Perspective. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12135305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article examines the perceptions of local people concerning the potential of tourism to alleviate poverty and bring about community development in the Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe. In-depth interviews, direct observations, and informal conversations were used to collect data in the four districts of Manicaland where there were functional community-based tourism (CBT) projects. After establishing a poverty criterion, data were collected from 43 local poor people in the four districts of the case study area. The results show that tourism development in Manicaland brought about community development through social, economic, environmental and cultural benefits. The authors suggest that there are interrelationships between tourism, poverty alleviation and community development. They show these interrelationships through a tourism and community-development framework which they developed based upon the results of the various methods of data collection used in this study.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kosciejew M. Public libraries and the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. IFLA JOURNAL-INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0340035219898708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As motors of change driving development, public libraries, with their commitment to information provision and access, are crucial to the realization of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This article contributes to emerging Library and Information Science scholarship on the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by arguing for the central roles played by public libraries in realizing its goals. The purpose is twofold. First, it overviews the agenda’s history coupled with the start of a literature review of the Library and Information Science research on it. Second, it presents a conceptual framework in which to approach the agenda’s goals and associated targets within the context of public libraries. The ultimate aim is to establish a base for and expand awareness of the UN 2030 Agenda within the Library and Information Science discipline, in addition to promoting the importance of public libraries in advancing sustainable development efforts generally and the agenda specifically.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mulcair G, Pietranton AA, Williams C. The International Communication Project: Raising global awareness of communication as a human right. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2018; 20:34-38. [PMID: 29355390 DOI: 10.1080/17549507.2018.1422023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Communication as a human right is embedded within Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; however, there is a need to raise global awareness of the communication needs of those with communication disorders. In 2014, the six national speech-language and audiology professional bodies that comprise the Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA) launched the International Communication Project (ICP) to help raise awareness of communication disorders around the world. Since its inception, the project has engaged close to 50 organisations from diverse regions, and has undertaken a number of initiatives, including development of the Universal Declaration of Communication Rights. A consultancy report was commissioned to inform ICP efforts to influence international policy bodies. As a result, the current focus of the ICP is to identify opportunities to influence the policies of organisations such as the World Health Organization, the United Nations and World Bank to more explicitly acknowledge and address communication as a human right. This commentary paper describes the work of the ICP to date, with an emphasis on the place of communication disorders in current international policy and potential pathways for advocacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gail Mulcair
- a Speech Pathology Australia , Melbourne , Australia and
| | | | - Cori Williams
- a Speech Pathology Australia , Melbourne , Australia and
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Measurement of reproductive health indicators in Ethiopia: A mixed method study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-017-0810-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
7
|
Engelgau MM, Sampson UK, Rabadan-Diehl C, Smith R, Miranda J, Bloomfield GS, Belis D, Narayan KMV. Tackling NCD in LMIC: Achievements and Lessons Learned From the NHLBI-UnitedHealth Global Health Centers of Excellence Program. Glob Heart 2016; 11:5-15. [PMID: 27102018 PMCID: PMC4843818 DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Effectively tackling the growing noncommunicable disease (NCD) burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) is a major challenge. To address research needs in this setting for NCDs, in 2009, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and UnitedHealth Group (UHG) engaged in a public-private partnership that supported a network of 11 LMIC-based research centers and created the NHLBI-UnitedHealth Global Health Centers of Excellence (COE) Program. The Program's overall goal was to contribute to reducing the cardiovascular and lung disease burdens by catalyzing in-country research institutions to develop a global network of biomedical research centers. Key elements of the Program included team science and collaborative approaches, developing research and training platforms for future investigators, and creating a data commons. This Program embraced a strategic approach for tackling NCDs in LMICs and will provide capacity for locally driven research efforts that can identify and address priority health issues in specific countries' settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Engelgau
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Uchechukwu K Sampson
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cristina Rabadan-Diehl
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard Smith
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jaime Miranda
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gerald S Bloomfield
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Deshiree Belis
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K M Venkat Narayan
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dedefo M, Oljira L, Assefa N. Small area clustering of under-five children's mortality and associated factors using geo-additive Bayesian discrete-time survival model in Kersa HDSS, Ethiopia. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2015; 16:43-9. [PMID: 26919754 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child mortality reflects a country's level of socio-economic development and quality of life. In Ethiopia, limited studies were conducted on under-five mortality and almost none of them tried to identify the spatial effect on mortality. Thus, this study explored the small area clustering of under-five mortality and associated factors in Kersa HDSS, Eastern Ethiopia. METHODS The study population included all children under the age of five years during the time September, 2008-august 31, 2012 which are registered in Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System (Kersa HDSS). A flexible Bayesian geo-additive discrete-time survival mixed model was used. RESULTS Some of the factors that are significantly associated with under-five mortality, with posterior odds ratio and 95% credible intervals, are maternal educational status 1.31(1.13,-1.49), place of delivery 1.016(1.013-1.12), no of live birth at a delivery 0.35(0.23,1.83), low household wealth index 1.26(1.10 1.43) middle level household wealth index 0.95 (0.84 1.07) pre-term duration of pregnancy 1.95(1.27,2.91), post-term duration of pregnancy 0.74(0.60,0.93) and antenatal visit 1.19(1.06, 1.35). Variation was noted in the risk of under-five mortality by the selected small administrative regions (kebeles). CONCLUSION This study reveals geographic patterns in rates of under-five mortality in those selected small administrative regions and shows some important determinants of under-five mortality. More importantly, we observed clustering of under-five mortality, which indicates the importance of spatial effects and presentation of this clustering through maps that facilitates visuality and highlights differentials across geographical areas that would, otherwise, be overlooked in traditional data-analytic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melkamu Dedefo
- Department of Statistics, College of Computing and Informatics, Haramaya University, P.O.Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System (Kersa HDSS), P.O. Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia.
| | - Lemessa Oljira
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 1494, Harar, Ethiopia; Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System (Kersa HDSS), P.O. Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia.
| | - Nega Assefa
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 1494, Harar, Ethiopia; Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System (Kersa HDSS), P.O. Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia.
| |
Collapse
|