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Luo W, Bai L, Zhang J, Li Z, Liu Y, Tang X, Xia P, Xu M, Shi A, Liu X, Zhang D, Yu P. Polysaccharides-based nanocarriers enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 311:120718. [PMID: 37028867 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) has been discovered to have many biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxygenation, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, anti-microbial and exhibits a good effect on the prevention and treatment of many diseases. However, the limited properties of CUR, including the poor solubility, bioavailability and instability caused by enzymes, light, metal irons, and oxygen, have compelled researchers to turn their attention to drug carrier application to overcome these drawbacks. Encapsulation may provide potential protective effects to the embedding materials and/or have a synergistic effect with them. Therefore, nanocarriers, especially polysaccharides-based nanocarriers, have been developed in many studies to enhance the anti-inflammatory capacity of CUR. Consequently, it's critical to review current advancements in the encapsulation of CUR using polysaccharides-based nanocarriers, as well as further study the potential mechanisms of action where polysaccharides-based CUR nanoparticles (the complex nanoparticles/Nano CUR-delivery systems) exhibit their anti-inflammatory effects. This work suggests that polysaccharides-based nanocarriers will be a thriving field in the treatment of inflammation and inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Liangyu Bai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yinuo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xiaoyi Tang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China; Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China; Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ao Shi
- School of Medicine, St.George University of London, London, UK
| | - Xiao Liu
- Cardiology Department, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China; Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Lu Y, Qi H. Evaluate the Protective Effect of Antioxidants on Retinal Pigment Cell Hazard Induced by Blue Light: A Mini-Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2098317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Hang Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
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Obireddy SR, Lai WF. ROS-Generating Amine-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles Coupled with Carboxymethyl Chitosan for pH-Responsive Release of Doxorubicin. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:589-601. [PMID: 35173432 PMCID: PMC8840919 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s338897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth Reddy Obireddy
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515003, India
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wing-Fu Lai
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Wing-Fu Lai, Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Ouyang A, Wang H, Su J, Liu X. Mannose Receptor Mediates the Activation of Chitooligosaccharides on Blunt Snout Bream ( Megalobrama amblycephala) Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:686846. [PMID: 34408745 PMCID: PMC8365301 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.686846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharide (COS) is an important immune enhancer and has been proven to have a variety of biological activities. Our previous research has established an M1 polarization mode by COS in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) macrophages, but the mechanism of COS activation of blunt snout bream macrophages remains unclear. In this study, we further explored the internalization mechanism and signal transduction pathway of chitooligosaccharide hexamer (COS6) in blunt snout bream macrophages. The results showed that mannose receptor C-type lectin-like domain 4-8 of M. amblycephala (MaMR CTLD4-8) could recognize and bind to COS6 and mediate COS6 into macrophages by both clathrin-dependent and caveolin-dependent pathways. In the inflammatory response of macrophages activated by COS6, the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) was significantly inhibited after MaMR CTLD4-8-specific antibody blockade. However, even if it was blocked, the expression of these inflammation-related genes was still relatively upregulated, which suggested that there are other receptors involved in immune regulation. Further studies indicated that MaMR CTLD4-8 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) cooperated to regulate the pro-inflammatory response of macrophages caused by COS6. Taken together, these results revealed that mannose receptor (MR) CTLD4-8 is indispensable in the process of recognition, binding, internalization, and immunoregulation of COS in macrophages of blunt snout bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aotian Ouyang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huabing Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
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Rajninec M, Jopcik M, Danchenko M, Libantova J. Biochemical and antifungal characteristics of recombinant class I chitinase from Drosera rotundifolia. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:854-863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Chitosan protects liver against ischemia-reperfusion injury via regulating Bcl-2/Bax, TNF-α and TGF-β expression. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1565-1574. [PMID: 32735924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the potential attenuation effect of chitosan in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R), and its relevant protective mechanisms. Chitosan (200 mg/kg) has been administered orally for 30 days, later animals underwent liver 45 min ischemia and reperfusion for 60 min. Following treatment with chitosan, the levels of serum aminotransferases and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly reduced. Similarly, hepatic (GSH, SOD, CAT, GST and GPx) were enhanced, and the level of tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased. In addition, inflammatory cytokinesis (TNF-α and TGF-β) have recorded a significant decrease in their mRNA expression and protein levels using qPCR and ELISA respectively. Marked reduction of apoptosis has been indicated by the elevation in BCL2, and decreasing in BAX, Caspace-3 and Cytochrome-c expression levels, which furthermore confirmed by DNA fragmentation assay. The enhancement of the previous parameters resulted in a marked improvement in the liver architectures after chitosan administration. In conclusion, chitosan has proved its efficiency as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent through its inhibitory effect of cytokines and reducing ROS respectively. In addition, chitosan could modulate the changes in histological structure and alleviate apoptosis induced by liver I/R, which recommend it as an efficient agent for protection against liver I/R injury.
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Limeres MJ, Moretton MA, Bernabeu E, Chiappetta DA, Cuestas ML. Thinking small, doing big: Current success and future trends in drug delivery systems for improving cancer therapy with special focus on liver cancer. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 95:328-341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Zhao Y, Xu G, Wang S, Yi X, Wu W. Chitosan oligosaccharides alleviate PM 2.5-induced lung inflammation in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34221-34227. [PMID: 30291606 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3365-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution of particulate matter (PM), especially PM2.5, has become a major public health problem in China. Exploration of therapeutic and preventive measures against PM2.5 toxicity is of practical significance. The aim of this study was to examine the inhibitory effects of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on PM2.5-induced lung inflammation in rats. Forty SPF (specific pathogen-free) male Wistar rats weighing 200-220 g were randomly divided into four groups: control group, COS group, PM2.5 group, and PM2.5+COS group. COS was pre-administered to rats by gavage at a single dose of 500 mg/kg 2 h before intratracheal instillation of PM2.5 at a single dose of 1.2 mg/kg daily for 3 consecutive days. Normal saline (NS) was used as negative control. Twenty-four hours after the last instillation of PM2.5, rats were sacrificed and subjected to bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The BAL fluids (BALF) were collected for measurement of levels of total proteins, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-1 (IL-1β), IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-ɑ (TNF-ɑ) using colorimetric or ELISA kits. Levels of total proteins, LDH activities, and pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-ɑ in BALF of rats in PM2.5 group significantly increased in comparison with those of the control group. Pre-treatment of rats with COS markedly blocked PM2.5-induced increase in LDH, IL-8, and TNF-ɑ levels in BALF. In conclusion, PM2.5 exposure induces rat lung inflammation, which could be ameliorated by the pre-treatment of COS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzheng Zhao
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangcui Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouying Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwen Yi
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Lin CW, Huang HH, Yang CM, Yang CH. Protective effect of chitosan oligosaccharides on blue light light-emitting diode induced retinal pigment epithelial cell damage. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Li C, Li JB. Preparation of chitosan-ferulic acid conjugate: Structure characterization and in the application of pharmaceuticals. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:1539-1543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jiang Z, Han B, Liu W, Peng Y. Evaluation on biological compatibility of carboxymethyl chitosan as biomaterials for antitumor drug delivery. J Biomater Appl 2017; 31:985-994. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216688337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Carboxymethyl-chitosan, a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has emerged as a promising candidate for biomedical applications due to its excellent water solubility, biodegradation, biocompatibility, hydrating, antimicrobial, and nontoxicity. In this paper, the antitumor proliferation and metastasis was studied in vitro and in vivo to evaluate biocompatibility of carboxymethyl-chitosan as biomaterials for antitumor drug delivery. The results showed that carboxymethyl-chitosan could significantly reduce the clone formation and tumor migration of human cancer cells including kidney cancer cell line OS-RC-2, gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901, colon cancer cell line HT-29, and nonsmall cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H1650 in vitro. Through Lewis tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mouse model, carboxymethyl-chitosan was proved to be able to inhibit solid tumor growth and tumor metastasis to the liver and lung, meanwhile increase the level of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 and E-cadherin, and decrease the level of mice blood serum matrix metalloproteinase 9. This study suggested that carboxymethyl-chitosan had certain antimetastasis effect and good biocompatibility and may have a potential application as a synergic antitumor reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Baoqin Han
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Yu Y, Sun F, Zhang C, Wang Z, Liu J, Tan H. Study on glyco-modification of endostatin-derived synthetic peptide endostatin2 (ES2) by soluble chitooligosaccharide. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 154:204-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Xie C, Wu X, Guo X, Long C, Li S, Hu CAA, Yin Y. Maternal chitosan oligosaccharide supplementation affecting expression of circadian clock genes, and possible association with hepatic cholesterol accumulation in suckling piglets. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2015.1108059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Jia S, Lu Z, Gao Z, An J, Wu X, Li X, Dai X, Zheng Q, Sun Y. Chitosan oligosaccharides alleviate cognitive deficits in an amyloid-β1-42-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 83:416-25. [PMID: 26601759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objective of the present study was two-fold: (i) to evaluate the modulating effects of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on cognitive deficits and (ii) to explore their underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests were used to determine the neuroprotective effects of COS on Aβ1-42-induced learning and memory impairments. Biochemical methods were then used to assess COS antioxidant activity in hippocampus, including effects on apoptosis (TUNEL assay) and changes in inflammatory mediators (immunohistochemistry). RESULTS Orally administered COS at 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg doses were effective at reducing the learning and memory deficits in Aβ1-42-induced rats. These same doses were also able to ameliorate neuronal apoptosis. The neuroprotective effects of COS were closely associated with its ability to inhibit oxidative stress. This was shown with decreasing levels of malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and increasing levels of glutathione peroxidase and super oxide dismutase activities. COS were also shown to suppress the inflammatory response and decrease measures of inflammation via a decrease in the release of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings suggest that COS have beneficial effects on the cognitive impairments seen in an Aβ1-42-induced model of Alzheimer's disease via inhibiting oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zheng Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zhaolan Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jun An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xueling Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xueling Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Yaxuan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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Xie C, Guo X, Long C, Fan Z, Xiao D, Ruan Z, Deng ZY, Wu X, Yin Y. Supplementation of the sow diet with chitosan oligosaccharide during late gestation and lactation affects hepatic gluconeogenesis of suckling piglets. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 159:109-17. [PMID: 26070910 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) has a blood glucose lowering effect in diabetic rats and is widely used as a dietary supplement. However, the effect of COS on the offspring of supplemented mothers is unknown. This experiment investigates the effect of supplementing sows during gestation and lactation on the levels of plasma glucose on suckling piglets. From day 85 of gestation to day 14 of lactation, 40 pregnant sows were divided into two treatment groups and fed either a control diet or a control diet containing 30mgCOS/kg. One 14 day old piglet per pen was selected to collect plasma and tissue (8pens/diet). Performance, hepatic gluconeogenesis genes and proteins expression, amino acids contents in sow milk, hepatic glycogen and free fatty acid were determined. Results showed that supplementation of the maternal diet with COS improved daily gain and weaning weight (P<0.05), and the concentration of amino acids in sow milk (P<0.05). Meanwhile, maternal supplementation with COS increased (P<0.05) mRNA expression levels and activities of PEPCK-C, PEPCK-M and G6Pase in the liver of piglets compared with piglets from control fed sows. Correspondingly, the level of plasma glucose was higher (P<0.001) and hepatic glycogen was lower (P<0.05) in piglets from COS fed sows when compared with that in the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of the diet with COS during late gestation and lactation reduced piglet hypoglycemia by stimulating hepatic gluconeogenesis and improved the growth rate of suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Xie
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10008, China
| | - Xiaoyun Guo
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology and College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Cimin Long
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhiyong Fan
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Dingfu Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zheng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology and College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Ze-yuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology and College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology and College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology and College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China; School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 41008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10008, China.
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Jiang Z, Han B, Li H, Yang Y, Liu W. Carboxymethyl chitosan represses tumor angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 129:1-8. [PMID: 26050881 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), with potent water solubility, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, has emerged as a promising candidate for biomedical applications. In this study, the anti-tumor angiogenesis effects of CMCS were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that CMCS could inhibit the 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. CMCS significantly inhibited the growth of mouse hepatocarcinoma 22 tissues and could promote tumor cell necrosis as suggested by pathological observations. The CD34 expression in H22 tumor tissue, the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 in serum was regulated by CMCS treatment. CMCS could significantly improve thymus index, spleen index, tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ level. In a conclusion, CMCS possessed potent anti-tumor effects by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, stimulating immune functions. Our date provide more foundation for application of CMCS in biomedicine or biomaterials for targeted anticancer drugs delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Jiang
- Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Baoqin Han
- Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Hui Li
- Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yan Yang
- Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wanshun Liu
- Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, PR China
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Fang IM, Yang CM, Yang CH. Chitosan oligosaccharides prevented retinal ischemia and reperfusion injury via reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in rats. Exp Eye Res 2014; 130:38-50. [PMID: 25479043 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of chitosan oligonucleotides (COS) on retinal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Rats pretreated with PBS, low-dose COS (5 mg/kg), or high-dose COS (10 mg/kg) were subjected to retinal ischemia by increasing their intraocular pressure to 130 mm Hg for 60 min. The protective effect of COS was evaluated by determining the electroretinograms (ERGs), morphology of the retina, and survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The oxidative damage was determined by imuunohistochemistry and ELISA, respectively. The expressions of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, iNOS, ICAM-1) and apoptotic-related proteins (p53, Bax, Bcl-2) were quantified by PCR and Western blots. The detection of NF-κB p65 in the retina was performed by immunofluorescence. The protein levels of IκB and phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases [MAPK; viz. extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38] and the NF-κB/DNA binding ability were assessed by Western blot analysis and EMSA. We found that pretreatment with COS, especially a high dosage, effectively ameliorated the I/R-induced reduction of the b-wave ratio in ERGs and the retinal thickness and the survival of RGCs at 24 h. COS decreased the expression of inflammatory mediators, p53 and Bax, increasing Bcl-2 expression and thereby reducing retinal oxidative damage and the number of apoptotic cells. More importantly, COS attenuated IκB degradation and p65 presence in the retina, thus decreasing NF-κB/DNA binding activity after I/R. In addition, COS decreased the phosphorylation levels of JNK and ERK but increased the phosphorylation level of p38. Pretreatment with p38 inhibitor (SB203580) abolished the protective effect of COS on retinal oxidative damage, as indicated by increased retinal 8-OHdG stains, and significantly increased the expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, MCP-1, iNOS, ICAM-1) in I/R-injured rats. In conclusion, COS prevented retinal I/R injury through its inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. These effects were achieved by blocking the activation of NF-κB, JNK, and ERK but promoting the activation of p38 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Mo Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-May Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chitosan oligosaccharides attenuate ocular inflammation in rats with experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:827847. [PMID: 25147441 PMCID: PMC4131455 DOI: 10.1155/2014/827847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis (EAAU) in rats. EAAU was induced in Lewis rats by footpad and intraperitoneal injections of melanin-associated antigen. The rats received intraperitoneal injections of low-dose (5 mg/kg) or high-dose (10 mg/kg) COS or PBS daily after the immunization. The effects of COS were evaluated by determining the clinical scores and the morphology of the iris/ciliary body (ICB). The expression of inflammatory mediators was evaluated using western blot, immunofluorescence, and ELISA. Treatment with COS significantly attenuated the clinical scores and the leukocyte infiltration in the ICB in a dose-dependent manner. COS effectively reduced the expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, iNOS, MCP-1, RANTES, fractalkine, and ICAM-1). Moreover, COS decreased the IκB degradation and p65 presence in the ICB, which resulted in the inhibition of NF-κB/DNA binding activity. In an in vitro study, sensitized spleen-derived lymphocytes of the COS-treated group showed less chemotaxis toward their aqueous humor and decreased secretion of the above inflammatory mediators in the culture media. COS treated EAAU by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and reducing the expression of inflammatory mediators. COS might be a potential treatment for acute anterior uveitis.
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Todorova N, Maneva K, Todorov D. Preparation and Antileukemic Activity of Epirubicin Conjugate with Chitosan. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2004.10817140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Todorova N, Ilarionova M, Todorov D. Antitumor Effect of Conjugate EX1of Epirubicin Against Lymphocytic Leukemia L 1210. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2005.10817204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Todorova N, Ilarionova M, Todorov K, Todorov D. Antileukemic Activity of Epirubicin Conjugated with Biopolymer Dextran Against Lymphoid Leukemia L1210 as Tumor Model. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2004.10817099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Lu Y, Slomberg DL, Schoenfisch MH. Nitric oxide-releasing chitosan oligosaccharides as antibacterial agents. Biomaterials 2013; 35:1716-24. [PMID: 24268196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Secondary amine-functionalized chitosan oligosaccharides of different molecular weights (i.e., ~2500, 5000, 10,000) were synthesized by grafting 2-methyl aziridine from the primary amines on chitosan oligosaccharides, followed by reaction with nitric oxide (NO) gas under basic conditions to yield N-diazeniumdiolate NO donors. The total NO storage, maximum NO flux, and half-life of the resulting NO-releasing chitosan oligosaccharides were controlled by the molar ratio of 2-methyl aziridine to primary amines (e.g., 1:1, 2:1) and the functional group surrounding the N-diazeniumdiolates (e.g., polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains), respectively. The secondary amine-modified chitosan oligosaccharides greatly increased the NO payload over existing biodegradable macromolecular NO donors. In addition, the water-solubility of the chitosan oligosaccharides enabled their penetration across the extracellular polysaccharides matrix of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and association with embedded bacteria. The effectiveness of these chitosan oligosaccharides at biofilm eradication was shown to depend on both the molecular weight and ionic characteristics. Low molecular weight and cationic chitosan oligosaccharides exhibited rapid association with bacteria throughout the entire biofilm, leading to enhanced biofilm killing. At concentrations resulting in 5-log killing of bacteria in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) biofilms, the NO-releasing and control chitosan oligosaccharides elicited no significant cytotoxicity to mouse fibroblast L929 cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Danielle L Slomberg
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mark H Schoenfisch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Fang IM, Yang CH, Yang CM, Chen MS. Chitosan oligosaccharides attenuates oxidative-stress related retinal degeneration in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77323. [PMID: 24155943 PMCID: PMC3796472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) for oxidative stress-induced retinal diseases. Retinal oxidative damage was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intravitreal injection of paraquat (PQ). Low-dose (5 mg/kg) or high-dose (10 mg/kg) COS or PBS was intragastrically given for 14 days after PQ injection. Electroretinograms were performed to determine the functionality of the retinas. The surviving neurons in the retinal ganglion cell layer and retinal apoptosis were determined by counting Neu N-positive cells in whole-mounted retinas and TUNEL staining, respectively. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by lucigenin- and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. Retinal oxidative damages were assessed by staining with nitrotyrosine, acrolein, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Immunohistochemical studies were used to demonstrate the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 in retinas. An in vitro study using RGC-5 cells was performed to verify the results. We demonstrated COS significantly enhanced the recovery of retinal function, preserved inner retinal thickness, and decreased retinal neurons loss in a dose-dependent manner. COS administration demonstrated anti-oxidative effects by reducing luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminenscense levels and activating superoxide dismutase and catalase, leading to decreased retinal apoptosis. COS markedly reduced retinal NF-κB p65. An in vitro study demonstrated COS increased IκB expression, attenuated the increase of p65 and thus decreased NF-κB/DNA binding activity in PQ-stimulated RGC-5 cells. In conclusion, COS attenuates oxidative stress-induced retinal damages, probably by decreasing free radicals, maintaining the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes, and inhibiting the activation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Mo Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Chung-May Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Muh-Shy Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Biological control of phytopathogenic fungi and insects continues to inspire the research and development of environmentally friendly bioactive alternatives. Potentially lytic enzymes, chitinases can act as a biocontrol agent against agriculturally important fungi and insects. The cell wall in fungi and protective covers, i.e. cuticle in insects shares a key structural polymer, chitin, a β-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine polymer. Therefore, it is advantageous to develop a common biocontrol agent against both of these groups. As chitin is absent in plants and mammals, targeting its metabolism will signify an eco-friendly strategy for the control of agriculturally important fungi and insects but is innocuous to mammals, plants, beneficial insects and other organisms. In addition, development of chitinase transgenic plant varieties probably holds the most promising method for augmenting agricultural crop protection and productivity, when properly integrated into traditional systems. Recently, human proteins with chitinase activity and chitinase-like proteins were identified and established as biomarkers for human diseases. This review covers the recent advances of chitinases as a biocontrol agent and its various applications including preparation of medically important chitooligosaccharides, bioconversion of chitin as well as in implementing chitinases as diagnostic and prognostic markers for numerous diseases and the prospect of their future utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Nagpure
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University , New Delhi , India
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Salah R, Michaud P, Mati F, Harrat Z, Lounici H, Abdi N, Drouiche N, Mameri N. Anticancer activity of chemically prepared shrimp low molecular weight chitin evaluation with the human monocyte leukaemia cell line, THP-1. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 52:333-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Csoka L, Appel TR, Eitner A, Jirikowski G, Makovitzky J. Polarization optical-histochemical characterization and supramolecular structure of carbohydrate fibrils. Acta Histochem 2013; 115:22-31. [PMID: 22497931 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Topo-optical staining reactions were used to investigate the structures of bacterial cellulose, insect chitosan and alginic acid from brown algae. Polysaccharide complexes, glycosaminoglycans and sulfate groups were presented and demonstrated selectively. Chitosan and alginic acid are structurally similar to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are constituents of human amyloid fibrils. The staining sequences shown can be used as reliable methods for histochemistry with light and polarization microscopy. They will help to clarify the complex protein-polysaccharide structure of amyloid fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Csoka
- University of West Hungary, Institute of Wood and Paper Technology, Sopron, Hungary.
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Ju SM, Pae HO, Kim WS, Lee CH, Jeon BH. 1-Chloromethyl-6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinoline-2-sulfonic acid amide, a derivative of tetrahydroisoquinoline, induces granulocytic differentiation of the human leukemic HL-60 cells via G0/G1 phase arrest. Health (London) 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2013.55a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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KIM MUNOCK, MOON DONGOH, KANG CHANGHEE, CHOI YUNGHYUN, LEE JAEDONG, KIM GIYOUNG. WATER-SOLUBLE CHITOSAN SENSITIZES APOPTOSIS IN HUMAN LEUKEMIA CELLS VIA THE DOWNREGULATION OF BCL-2 AND DEPHOSPHORYLATION OF AKT. J Food Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2011.00628.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Xu W, Jiang C, Kong X, Liang Y, Rong M, Liu W. Chitooligosaccharides and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cell-mediated antitumor immune responses. Mol Med Rep 2012; 6:385-90. [PMID: 22614871 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticancer effects of chitooligosaccharides (COS) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG), as well as to investigate the possible mechanisms involved. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of COS and NAG on the proliferation and differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, sarcoma 180 cells were transplanted into mice to establish a tumor model. COS and NAG were administered by gavage of various doses. The tumor inhibition rate, thymus and spleen indexes, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) serum levels were detected. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression levels, an important marker of angiogenesis, were also detected. As shown by immunohistochemistry, VEGF mRNA expression was decreased following treatment with COS and NAG, indicating that COS and NAG have an inhibitory effect on the expression of VEGF. The results from this study indicate that COS administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg and NAG at a dose of 300 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg can not only promote the differentiation of PBMCs and the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ, but can also inhibit the expression of VEGF mRNA in sarcoma 180 tumors. Our results show that the antitumor and immunoregulatory effects of COS and NAG are dose-dependent. Furthermore, the antitumor effect is achieved by the improvement of immunoregulation indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Xu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
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Ma L, Li Y, Yu C, Wang Y, Li X, Li N, Chen Q, Bu N. Alleviation of exogenous oligochitosan on wheat seedlings growth under salt stress. PROTOPLASMA 2012; 249:393-9. [PMID: 21626287 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-011-0290-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Hydroponic experiments were carried out to study the role of oligochitosan in enhancing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) resistance to salt stress. Data were collected on plant biomass, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (P (n)), stomatal conductance (g (s)), proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Under 150 mM salt stress, plant growth was significantly inhibited. Shoot length, root length, and dry weight were sharply reduced by 26%, 31%, and 20%, respectively, of the control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) were increased by 28%, 13%, and 26%, respectively, of the control and MDA content largely accumulated, which was 1.5-fold of the control. However, 0.0625% oligochitosan pretreatment alleviated the adverse effects of salt stress, which was reflected by increasing root length, shoot length, dry weight, chlorophyll content, P (n,) and g (s). Furthermore, it also showed that oligochitosan pretreatment significantly increased antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT and POD) activities, and reduced MDA content in leaves. Meanwhile, the accumulation of proline was markedly accelerated. The results indicated that oligochitosan pretreatment ameliorated the adverse effects and partially protected the seedlings from salt stress during the following growth period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianju Ma
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, 253, Huanghe Street, Shenyang, 110034, China.
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Ignatova M, Yossifova L, Gardeva E, Manolova N, Toshkova R, Rashkov I, Alexandrov M. Antiproliferative activity of nanofibers containing quaternized chitosan and/or doxorubicin against MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line by apoptosis. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911511424655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The antiproliferative activity of electrospun mats of poly(L-lactide- co-D,L-lactide) (coPLA) containing quaternized chitosan (QCh) and/or doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was evaluated against the Michigan Cancer Foundation-7(MCF-7) human breast carcinoma cell line. QCh- and DOX-containing nanofibrous mats possess good antiproliferative activity and decrease considerably the viability of the MCF-7 cells for the different periods of cell incubation as confirmed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Fluorescent microscopy analyses and scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that apoptosis was one of the major mechanisms of MCF-7 cell death induced by the QCh- and DOX-containing mats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Ignatova
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lilia Yossifova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology, and Anthropology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Gardeva
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology, and Anthropology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nevena Manolova
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Reneta Toshkova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology, and Anthropology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iliya Rashkov
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Marin Alexandrov
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology, and Anthropology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Chitooligosaccharides antagonize the cytotoxic effect of glucosamine. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 28:1097-105. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Dou J, Ma P, Xiong C, Tan C, Du Y. Induction of apoptosis in human acute leukemia HL-60 cells by oligochitosan through extrinsic and intrinsic pathway. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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St Denis TG, Aziz K, Waheed AA, Huang YY, Sharma SK, Mroz P, Hamblin MR. Combination approaches to potentiate immune response after photodynamic therapy for cancer. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011; 10:792-801. [PMID: 21479313 DOI: 10.1039/c0pp00326c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used as a cancer therapy for forty years but has not advanced to a mainstream cancer treatment. Although it has been shown to be an efficient way to destroy local tumors by a combination of non-toxic dyes and harmless visible light, it is its additional effects in mediating the stimulation of the host immune system that gives PDT great potential to become more widely used. Although the stimulation of tumor-specific cytotoxic T-cells that can destroy distant tumor deposits after PDT has been reported in some animal models, it remains the exception rather than the rule. This realization has prompted several investigators to test various combination approaches that could potentiate the immune recognition of tumor antigens that have been released after PDT. This review will cover these combination approaches using immunostimulants including various microbial preparations that activate Toll-like receptors and other receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns, cytokines growth factors, and approaches that target regulatory T-cells. We believe that by understanding the methods employed by tumors to evade immune response and neutralizing them, more precise ways of potentiating PDT-induced immunity can be devised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler G St Denis
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Guo XX, He W, Wang XQ, Hu XM. Preparation and efficacy of tumor vasculature-targeted doxorubicin cationic liposomes coated by N-trimethyl chitosan. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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37
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Synthesis of chitosan–caffeic acid derivatives and evaluation of their antioxidant activities. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 111:212-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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38
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Yoon HJ, Kim YH, Park SW, Lee HB, Park HS. Chitosan increases the release of renal dipeptidase from porcine renal proximal tubule cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/12265071.2003.9647721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joong Yoon
- a College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Drug Development , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , 500–759 , Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- b Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences , Chosun University , Gwangju , 501–757 , Korea
| | - Sung Wook Park
- a College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Drug Development , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , 500–759 , Korea
| | - Hwanghee Blaise Lee
- c Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , 500–759 , Korea
| | - Haeng Soon Park
- d College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Drug Development , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , 500–759 , Korea Phone: Fax: E-mail:
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Ignatova MG, Manolova NE, Toshkova RA, Rashkov IB, Gardeva EG, Yossifova LS, Alexandrov MT. Electrospun nanofibrous mats containing quaternized chitosan and polylactide with in vitro antitumor activity against HeLa cells. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:1633-45. [PMID: 20469930 DOI: 10.1021/bm100285n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanofibrous materials containing the antitumor drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) were easily prepared using a one-step method by electrospinning of DOX/poly(L-lactide-co-D,L-lactide) (coPLA) and DOX/quaternized chitosan (QCh)/coPLA solutions. The pristine and DOX-containing mats were characterized by ATR-FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The release rate of DOX from the prepared fibers increased with the increase in DOX content. The DOX release process was diffusion-controlled. MTT cell viability studies revealed that incorporation of DOX and QCh in the nanofibrous mats led to a significant reduction in the HeLa cells viability. It was found, that the antitumor efficacy of the DOX-containing mats at 6 h was higher than that of the free DOX. SEM, TEM, and fluorescence microscopic observations confirmed that the antitumor effect of QCh-based and DOX-containing fibrous mats was mainly due to induction of apoptosis in the HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena G Ignatova
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St. bl. 103A, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Antitumor activity of quaternized chitosan-based electrospun implants against Graffi myeloid tumor. Int J Pharm 2010; 400:221-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Liu J, Qiu Z, Wang S, Zhou L, Zhang S. A modified double-emulsion method for the preparation of daunorubicin-loaded polymeric nanoparticle with enhancedin vitroanti-tumor activity. Biomed Mater 2010; 5:065002. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/5/6/065002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Proteome analysis in adipose tissue of ob/ob mice in response to chitosan oligosaccharides treatment. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-009-3135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Xu JH, Wang T, Wang XG, Wu XP, Zhao ZZ, Zhu CG, Qiu HL, Xue L, Shao HJ, Guo MX, Li WX. PU.1 can regulate the ZNF300 promoter in APL-derived promyelocytes HL-60. Leuk Res 2010; 34:1636-46. [PMID: 20471086 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 03/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
ZNF300, which plays the role in human embryonic development and some diseases, is a typical KRAB/C2H2 zinc finger gene expressed only in higher mammalians. Our data showed that expression of ZNF300 changed significantly in various leukemia blasts in the bone marrow aspirates of newly diagnosed leukemia patients. To investigate the potential relationship between expression of ZNF300 and the progression of leukemia development and hematopoietic differentiation, we cloned and characterized the putative human ZNF300 gene promoter and identified its transcription start sites (TSSs). Deletion and mutagenesis analysis demonstrated that a myeloid-specific transcription factor PU.1 binding site was responsible for myeloid-specific regulation of ZNF300 promoter activity. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that PU.1 bound to the PU.1 binding site within ZNF300 promoter region in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of PU.1 elevated ZNF300 promoter activity, whereas silencing of PU.1 expression significantly reduced the activity in myeloid-derived HL-60 cell but not in T-cell Jurkat. In vitro induced HL-60 cells into CD11b expressing cells by DMSO demonstrated that ZNF300 was upregulated along with upregulation of PU.1 expression. These results demonstrated that ZNF300 was activated by PU.1 and suggested that the regulation may be involved in the progression of leukemia development and hematopoietic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Luojia Hill, Wuchang, Wuhan, PR China
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Liu HT, Li WM, Huang P, Chen WJ, Liu QS, Bai XF, Yu C, Du YG. Chitosan oligosaccharides inhibit TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by blocking p38 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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45
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Tian M, Chen F, Ren D, Yu X, Zhang X, Zhong R, Wan C. Preparation of a series of chitooligomers and their effect on hepatocytes. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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46
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HE X, WANG J, XIAO F. SYNTHESIS OF GLYCOSYLATED THERMO-RESPONSIVE HYDROGELS AND THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH HepG2 CELLS. ACTA POLYM SIN 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2009.01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Lee SH, Senevirathne M, Ahn CB, Kim SK, Je JY. Factors affecting anti-inflammatory effect of chitooligosaccharides in lipopolysaccharides-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:6655-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chitosan prevents oxidative stress-induced amyloid β formation and cytotoxicity in NT2 neurons: involvement of transcription factors Nrf2 and NF-κB. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 337:39-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Songjiang Z, Lixiang W. Amyloid-beta associated with chitosan nano-carrier has favorable immunogenicity and permeates the BBB. AAPS PharmSciTech 2009; 10:900-5. [PMID: 19609682 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-009-9279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Subfragments of amyloid-beta (Abeta) appear to protect neurons from Alzheimer's disease (AD). The permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has limited in vivo research. The aim of this study is to explore permeation of the BBB by chitosan nanoparticles loaded with Abeta and to evaluate immunogenicity of these particles. Chitosan microspheres were prepared by mechanical stirring emulsification methods combined with chemical crosslinking. Morphological characteristics of the nanoparticles were examined using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The peptide association efficiency was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Fluorescently labeled chitosan nanoparticle-intramembranous fragments of Abeta (NP-IF-A) were administered systemically to mice in order to evaluate brain translocation by fluorescence microscopy. The immunogenicity of the nano-vaccine was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All nanoparticles analyzed were well-separated, roughly spherical structures with uniform particle size distribution in the range of 15.23 +/- 10.97 nm. The peptide association efficiency was 78.4%. The brain uptake efficiency of nano-antigen was 80.6%; uptake efficiency of antigen alone was only 20.6%. ELISA showed that the nano-vaccine had favorable immunogenicity. A chitosan nano-carrier for Abeta allowed permeation of the BBB and was non-immunogenic. These findings indicate that this novel targeted nano-vaccine delivery system can be used as a carrier for Abeta. This system will further research of peptide vaccines for AD.
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Curcio M, Puoci F, Iemma F, Parisi OI, Cirillo G, Spizzirri UG, Picci N. Covalent insertion of antioxidant molecules on chitosan by a free radical grafting procedure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:5933-5938. [PMID: 19566085 DOI: 10.1021/jf900778u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis of gallic acid-chitosan and catechin-chitosan conjugates was carried out by adopting a free radical-induced grafting procedure. For this purpose, an ascorbic acid/hydrogen peroxide redox pair was employed as radical initiator. The formation of covalent bonds between antioxidant and biopolymer was verified by performing UV, FT-IR, and DSC analyses, whereas the antioxidant properties of chitosan conjugates were compared with that of a blank chitosan, treated in the same conditions but in the absence of antioxidant molecules. The good antioxidant activity shown by functionalized materials proved the efficiency of the reaction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Curcio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, Arcavacata di Rende, CS 87036, Italy
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