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Milner E, Stevens B, An M, Lam V, Ainsworth M, Dihle P, Stearns J, Dombrowski A, Rego D, Segars K. Utilizing Probiotics for the Prevention and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Diseases. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:689958. [PMID: 34434175 PMCID: PMC8381467 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.689958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are heavily advertised to promote a healthy gastrointestinal tract and boost the immune system. This review article summarizes the history and diversity of probiotics, outlines conventional in vitro assays and in vivo models, assesses the pharmacologic effects of probiotic and pharmaceutical co-administration, and the broad impact of clinical probiotic utilization for gastrointestinal disease indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Milner
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Benjamin Stevens
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
| | - Martino An
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
| | - Victoria Lam
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
| | - Michael Ainsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
| | - Preston Dihle
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
| | - Jocelyn Stearns
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
| | - Andrew Dombrowski
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
| | - Daniel Rego
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
| | - Katharine Segars
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
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Feng T, Wang J. Oxidative stress tolerance and antioxidant capacity of lactic acid bacteria as probiotic: a systematic review. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1801944. [PMID: 32795116 PMCID: PMC7524341 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1801944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the most frequently used probiotics in fermented foods and beverages and as food supplements for humans or animals, owing to their multiple beneficial features, which appear to be partially associated with their antioxidant properties. LAB can help improve food quality and flavor and prevent numerous disorders caused by oxidation in the host. In this review, we discuss the oxidative stress tolerance, the antioxidant capacity related herewith, and the underlying mechanisms and signaling pathways in probiotic LAB. In addition, we discuss appropriate methods used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of probiotic LAB. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of the current state of the research associated with the oxidative stress tolerance and antioxidant capacity of LAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Feng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine (IAHVM), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine (IAHVM), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ladero V, Sánchez B. Molecular and technological insights into the aerotolerance of anaerobic probiotics: examples from bifidobacteria. Curr Opin Food Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Selection and evaluation of functional characteristics of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional fermented stinky bean (Sataw-Dong). ANN MICROBIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-016-1233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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D'Aimmo MR, Modesto M, Mattarelli P, Biavati B, Andlid T. Biosynthesis and cellular content of folate in bifidobacteria across host species with different diets. Anaerobe 2014; 30:169-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus isolates against Salmonella typhi in vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:680605. [PMID: 24191248 PMCID: PMC3804358 DOI: 10.1155/2013/680605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background. Enteric fever is a global health problem, and rapidly developing resistance to various drugs makes the situation more alarming. The potential use of Lactobacillus to control typhoid fever represents a promising approach, as it may exert protective actions through various mechanisms. Methods. In this study, the probiotic potential and antagonistic activities of 32 Lactobacillus isolates against Salmonella typhi were evaluated. The antimicrobial activity of cell free supernatants of Lactobacillus isolates, interference of Lactobacillus isolates with the Salmonella adherence and invasion, cytoprotective effect of Lactobacillus isolates, and possibility of concurrent use of tested Lactobacillus isolates and antibiotics were evaluated by testing their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents, and their oxygen tolerance was also examined. Results. The results revealed that twelve Lactobacillus isolates could protect against Salmonella typhi infection through interference with both its growth and its virulence properties, such as adherence, invasion, and cytotoxicity. These Lactobacillus isolates exhibited MIC values for ciprofloxacin higher than those of Salmonella typhi and oxygen tolerance and were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. Conclusion. The tested Lactobacillus plantarum isolates can be introduced as potential novel candidates that have to be subjected for in vivo and application studies for treatment and control of typhoid fever.
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Ratanaburee A, Kantachote D, Charernjiratrakul W, Sukhoom A. Selection of γ-aminobutyric acid-producing lactic acid bacteria and their potential as probiotics for use as starter cultures in Thai fermented sausages (Nham). Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anussara Ratanaburee
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Science; Prince of Songkla University; Hat-Yai; 90112; Thailand
| | - Duangporn Kantachote
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Science; Prince of Songkla University; Hat-Yai; 90112; Thailand
| | - Wilawan Charernjiratrakul
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Science; Prince of Songkla University; Hat-Yai; 90112; Thailand
| | - Ampaitip Sukhoom
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Science; Prince of Songkla University; Hat-Yai; 90112; Thailand
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D'Aimmo MR, Mattarelli P, Biavati B, Carlsson NG, Andlid T. The potential of bifidobacteria as a source of natural folate. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 112:975-84. [PMID: 22335359 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05261.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To screen 19 strains of bifidobacteria for main folate forms composition in synthetic folate-free and complex folate-containing media. METHODS AND RESULTS HPLC was used to analyse deconjugated folates extracted from bacterial biomass. Most strains had a total folate content above 4000 μg per 100 g dry matter (DM). The highest value of 9295 μg per 100 g DM was found in Bifidobacterium catenulatum ATCC 27539 and the lowest in Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. animalis ATCC 25527 containing 220 μg per 100 g DM. Ten strains grew in a synthetic folate-free medium (FFM), showing folate autotrophy and suggesting folate auxotrophy of the remaining nine. In the autotrophic strains, a consistently higher folate level was found in FFM as compared to a more complex folate-containing medium, suggesting reduced requirements for folates in the presence of growth factors otherwise requiring folates for synthesis. The contents of total folate, 5-CH(3) -H(4) folate and H(4) folate were strain dependent. 5-CH(3) -H(4) folate dominated in most strains. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that bifidobacteria folate content and composition is dynamic, is strain specific and depends on the medium. Suitable selection of the growth conditions can result in high levels of folate per cell unit biomass. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This suggests that certain bifidobacteria may contribute to the folate intake, either directly in foods, such as fermented dairy products, or in the intestine as folate-trophic probiotics or part of the natural microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R D'Aimmo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering/Food Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Influence of l-cysteine, oxygen and relative humidity upon survival throughout storage of probiotic bacteria in whey protein-based microcapsules. Int Dairy J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li Q, Chen Q, Ruan H, Zhu D, He G. Isolation and characterisation of an oxygen, acid and bile resistant Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Qq08. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2010; 90:1340-1346. [PMID: 20474053 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, bifidobacteria are recognised as one of the most important bacteria used as probiotics, which promote human health. However, their commercial application has been limited by their anaerobic nature. The purpose of this study was to select an oxygen, acid and bile resistant strain of bifidobacterium for use as a new probiotic. RESULTS A total of 10 strains of bifidobacteria from different sources were analysed for their relative bacterial growth ratio (RBGR) in different oxygen concentrations. Three strains with high RBGR values were selected and their survival rates in acid environment and bile salt conditions were investigated in vitro. One strain showed high tolerance to low pH, giving a survival rate of 84% at pH 2 after 4 h incubation, and high tolerance to bile, more than 90% after 4.5 h incubation at 0.01 g mL(-1) bile concentration. This strain was identified as Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain Qq08 based on polyphasic taxonomy approaches, such as phenotype analysis and 16S rRNA and 16S to 23S internally transcribed spacer sequence analyses. CONCLUSION We isolated an aerotolerant bifidobacterium and identified it as Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Qq08. This strain has characteristics more favourable than the commercial probiotic strain, Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Li
- Zhejiang University, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou, China
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Hwanhlem N, Watthanasakphuban N, Riebroy S, Benjakul S, H-Kittikun A, Maneerat S. Probiotic lactic acid bacteria fromKung-Som: isolation, screening, inhibition of pathogenic bacteria. Int J Food Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zanoni S, Pompei A, Cordisco L, Amaretti A, Rossi M, Matteuzzi D. Growth kinetics on oligo- and polysaccharides and promising features of three antioxidative potential probiotic strains. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 105:1266-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Bolduc MP, Raymond Y, Fustier P, Champagne CP, Vuillemard JC. Sensitivity of bifidobacteria to oxygen and redox potential in non-fermented pasteurized milk. Int Dairy J 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2005.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Simpson PJ, Stanton C, Fitzgerald GF, Ross RP. Intrinsic tolerance of Bifidobacterium species to heat and oxygen and survival following spray drying and storage. J Appl Microbiol 2006; 99:493-501. [PMID: 16108790 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02648.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study examined the tolerance of various species of the genus Bifidobacterium to heat and oxygen and evaluated the survival of selected strains following spray drying and during storage. METHODS AND RESULTS Nine Bifidobacterium species were considered to be relatively tolerant to both heat and oxygen and mostly segregated into two clusters within the 16S rDNA phylogenetic tree. Four species were tolerant to oxygen and 12 species were considered sensitive to oxygen and heat. Using a skimmed milk-based carrier good survival following spray drying and storage at 4 degrees C correlated with tolerance to heat and oxygen. Viability was inversely related to storage temperature and at 15 degrees C and 25 degrees C, a significant decline was observed for all species. The inclusion of gum acacia had no significant affect on survival or viability. However, using a fluidized-bed spray dryer viability was greatly improved. CONCLUSIONS A group of closely related species tolerant to heat and oxygen had high survival following spray drying and maintained viability during prolonged storage at 4 degrees C. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Spray drying is a suitable method for the production of skimmed milk powder enriched with high numbers of viable bifidobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Simpson
- Teagasc, Biotechnology Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland.
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Talwalkar A, Kailasapathy K. A Review of Oxygen Toxicity in Probiotic Yogurts: Influence on the Survival of Probiotic Bacteria and Protective Techniques. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2004; 3:117-124. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2004.tb00061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
The interaction between oxygen and probiotic bacteria was studied by growing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. in 0, 5, 10, 15, and 21% oxygen in a hypoxic glove box. The metabolic responses of each probiotic strain in the different oxygen environments were monitored by measuring the levels of lactic acid and determining the lactate-to-acetate ratio. Biochemical changes induced by oxygen were examined by monitoring the specific activities of NADH oxidase, NADH peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. In addition, the ability to decompose hydrogen peroxide and the sensitivity of each strain to hydrogen peroxide was also determined. With an increase in oxygen percentage, levels of lactic acid in L. acidophilus strains decreased, whereas the lactate-to-acetate ratio reduced in all the bifidobacteria tested. At 21% oxygen, the specific activities of NADH oxidase and NADH peroxidase, and the hydrogen peroxide decomposing ability of five probiotic strains was significantly higher than at 0% oxygen. The sensitivity of the probiotic strains to hydrogen peroxide however, remained unaffected in all the different oxygen percentages. Superoxide dismutase levels did not reveal any conclusive trend. In both L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp., NADH oxidase and NADH peroxidase functioned optimally at pH 5. Growth in the various oxygen environments did not change this optimum pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Talwalkar
- Centre for Advanced Food Research, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag #1797, SPDC, NSW 1797, Australia
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