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Mäkelä MR, Hildén K, Kowalczyk JE, Hatakka A. Progress and Research Needs of Plant Biomass Degradation by Basidiomycete Fungi. GRAND CHALLENGES IN FUNGAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29541-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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2
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Decolorization of a variety of dyes by Aspergillus flavus A5p1. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:511-518. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1885-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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3
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Hong CY, Ryu SH, Jeong H, Lee SS, Kim M, Choi IG. Phanerochaete chrysosporium Multienzyme Catabolic System for in Vivo Modification of Synthetic Lignin to Succinic Acid. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1749-1759. [PMID: 28463479 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Whole cells of the basidiomycete fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium (ATCC 20696) were applied to induce the biomodification of lignin in an in vivo system. Our results indicated that P. chrysosporium has a catabolic system that induces characteristic biomodifications of synthetic lignin through a series of redox reactions, leading not only to the degradation of lignin but also to its polymerization. The reducing agents ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol were used to stabilize the free radicals generated from the ligninolytic process. The application of P. chrysosporium in combination with reducing agents produced aromatic compounds and succinic acid as well as degraded lignin polymers. P. chrysosporium selectively catalyzed the conversion of lignin to succinic acid, which has an economic value. A transcriptomic analysis of P. chrysosporium suggested that the bond cleavage of synthetic lignin was caused by numerous enzymes, including extracellular enzymes such as lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase, and that the aromatic compounds released were metabolized in both the short-cut and classical tricarboxylic acid cycles of P. chrysosporium. In conclusion, P. chrysosporium is suitable as a biocatalyst for lignin degradation to produce a value-added product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Young Hong
- Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Ryu
- Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseob Jeong
- Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Suk Lee
- Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungkil Kim
- Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Department of Forest Products, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gyu Choi
- Department
of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research
Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institutes
of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
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Vitorino LC, Bessa LA. Technological Microbiology: Development and Applications. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:827. [PMID: 28539920 PMCID: PMC5423913 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over thousands of years, modernization could be predicted for the use of microorganisms in the production of foods and beverages. However, the current accelerated pace of new food production is due to the rapid incorporation of biotechnological techniques that allow the rapid identification of new molecules and microorganisms or even the genetic improvement of known species. At no other time in history have microorganisms been so present in areas such as agriculture and medicine, except as recognized villains. Currently, however, beneficial microorganisms such as plant growth promoters and phytopathogen controllers are required by various agricultural crops, and many species are being used as biofactories of important pharmacological molecules. The use of biofactories does not end there: microorganisms have been explored for the synthesis of diverse chemicals, fuel molecules, and industrial polymers, and strains environmentally important due to their biodecomposing or biosorption capacity have gained interest in research laboratories and in industrial activities. We call this new microbiology Technological Microbiology, and we believe that complex techniques, such as heterologous expression and metabolic engineering, can be increasingly incorporated into this applied science, allowing the generation of new and improved products and services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana C. Vitorino
- Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Goiano Federal InstituteGoiás, Brazil
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Wang M, Abad D, Kickhoefer VA, Rome LH, Mahendra S. Vault Nanoparticles Packaged with Enzymes as an Efficient Pollutant Biodegradation Technology. ACS NANO 2015; 9:10931-10940. [PMID: 26493711 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vault nanoparticles packaged with enzymes were synthesized as agents for efficiently degrading environmental contaminants. Enzymatic biodegradation is an attractive technology for in situ cleanup of contaminated environments because enzyme-catalyzed reactions are not constrained by nutrient requirements for microbial growth and often have higher biodegradation rates. However, the limited stability of extracellular enzymes remains a major challenge for practical applications. Encapsulation is a recognized method to enhance enzymatic stability, but it can increase substrate diffusion resistance, lower catalytic rates, and increase the apparent half-saturation constants. Here, we report an effective approach for boosting enzymatic stability by single-step packaging into vault nanoparticles. With hollow core structures, assembled vault nanoparticles can simultaneously contain multiple enzymes. Manganese peroxidase (MnP), which is widely used in biodegradation of organic contaminants, was chosen as a model enzyme in the present study. MnP was incorporated into vaults via fusion to a packaging domain called INT, which strongly interacts with vaults' interior surface. MnP fused to INT and vaults packaged with the MnP-INT fusion protein maintained peroxidase activity. Furthermore, MnP-INT packaged in vaults displayed stability significantly higher than that of free MnP-INT, with slightly increased Km value. Additionally, vault-packaged MnP-INT exhibited 3 times higher phenol biodegradation in 24 h than did unpackaged MnP-INT. These results indicate that the packaging of MnP enzymes in vault nanoparticles extends their stability without compromising catalytic activity. This research will serve as the foundation for the development of efficient and sustainable vault-based bioremediation approaches for removing multiple contaminants from drinking water and groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Department of Biological Chemistry, and §California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Danny Abad
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Department of Biological Chemistry, and §California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Valerie A Kickhoefer
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Department of Biological Chemistry, and §California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Leonard H Rome
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Department of Biological Chemistry, and §California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shaily Mahendra
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Department of Biological Chemistry, and §California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Kuuskeri J, Mäkelä MR, Isotalo J, Oksanen I, Lundell T. Lignocellulose-converting enzyme activity profiles correlate with molecular systematics and phylogeny grouping in the incoherent genus Phlebia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota). BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:217. [PMID: 26482661 PMCID: PMC4610053 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fungal genus Phlebia consists of a number of species that are significant in wood decay. Biotechnological potential of a few species for enzyme production and degradation of lignin and pollutants has been previously studied, when most of the species of this genus are unknown. Therefore, we carried out a wider study on biochemistry and systematics of Phlebia species. METHODS Isolates belonging to the genus Phlebia were subjected to four-gene sequence analysis in order to clarify their phylogenetic placement at species level and evolutionary relationships of the genus among phlebioid Polyporales. rRNA-encoding (5.8S, partial LSU) and two protein-encoding gene (gapdh, rpb2) sequences were adopted for the evolutionary analysis, and ITS sequences (ITS1+5.8S+ITS2) were aligned for in-depth species-level phylogeny. The 49 fungal isolates were cultivated on semi-solid milled spruce wood medium for 21 days in order to follow their production of extracellular lignocellulose-converting oxidoreductases and carbohydrate active enzymes. RESULTS Four-gene phylogenetic analysis confirmed the polyphyletic nature of the genus Phlebia. Ten species-level subgroups were formed, and their lignocellulose-converting enzyme activity profiles coincided with the phylogenetic grouping. The highest enzyme activities for lignin modification (manganese peroxidase activity) were obtained for Phlebia radiata group, which supports our previous studies on the enzymology and gene expression of this species on lignocellulosic substrates. CONCLUSIONS Our study implies that there is a species-level connection of molecular systematics (genotype) to the efficiency in production of both lignocellulose-converting carbohydrate active enzymes and oxidoreductases (enzyme phenotype) on spruce wood. Thus, we may propose a similar phylogrouping approach for prediction of lignocellulose-converting enzyme phenotypes in new fungal species or genetically and biochemically less-studied isolates of the wood-decay Polyporales.
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MESH Headings
- Basidiomycota/classification
- Basidiomycota/enzymology
- Basidiomycota/genetics
- Basidiomycota/metabolism
- Biotransformation
- Cluster Analysis
- Culture Media/chemistry
- DNA, Fungal/chemistry
- DNA, Fungal/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics
- Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating)/genetics
- Lignin/metabolism
- Microbiological Techniques
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- RNA Polymerase II/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Kuuskeri
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Viikki Biocenter 1, P.O.B. 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Miia R Mäkelä
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Viikki Biocenter 1, P.O.B. 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jarkko Isotalo
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Ilona Oksanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Viikki Biocenter 1, P.O.B. 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Taina Lundell
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Viikki Biocenter 1, P.O.B. 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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Regulation of Gene Expression during the Onset of Ligninolytic Oxidation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium on Spruce Wood. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:7802-12. [PMID: 26341198 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02064-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since uncertainty remains about how white rot fungi oxidize and degrade lignin in wood, it would be useful to monitor changes in fungal gene expression during the onset of ligninolysis on a natural substrate. We grew Phanerochaete chrysosporium on solid spruce wood and included oxidant-sensing beads bearing the fluorometric dye BODIPY 581/591 in the cultures. Confocal fluorescence microscopy of the beads showed that extracellular oxidation commenced 2 to 3 days after inoculation, coincident with cessation of fungal growth. Whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses based on the v.2.2 P. chrysosporium genome identified 356 genes whose transcripts accumulated to relatively high levels at 96 h and were at least four times the levels found at 40 h. Transcripts encoding some lignin peroxidases, manganese peroxidases, and auxiliary enzymes thought to support their activity showed marked apparent upregulation. The data were also consistent with the production of ligninolytic extracellular reactive oxygen species by the action of manganese peroxidase-catalyzed lipid peroxidation, cellobiose dehydrogenase-catalyzed Fe(3+) reduction, and oxidase-catalyzed H2O2 production, but the data do not support a role for iron-chelating glycopeptides. In addition, transcripts encoding a variety of proteins with possible roles in lignin fragment uptake and processing, including 27 likely transporters and 18 cytochrome P450s, became more abundant after the onset of extracellular oxidation. Genes encoding cellulases showed little apparent upregulation and thus may be expressed constitutively. Transcripts corresponding to 165 genes of unknown function accumulated more than 4-fold after oxidation commenced, and some of them may merit investigation as possible contributors to ligninolysis.
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Nousiainen P, Kontro J, Manner H, Hatakka A, Sipilä J. Phenolic mediators enhance the manganese peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of recalcitrant lignin model compounds and synthetic lignin. Fungal Genet Biol 2014; 72:137-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Liang H, Gao DW, Zeng YG. Effects of phosphorus concentration on the growth and enzyme production of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 107:535-538. [PMID: 22248801 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.12.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effects of different phosphorus concentrations in culture media on the growth and enzyme production of Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated at a glucose concentration of 10 g L(-1). The results showed that the optimal KH(2)PO(4) concentration was 2.0 g L(-1). Optimal phosphorus content not only supported robust growth of P. chrysosporium, but also helped produce higher yields of manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) (324.9 U L(-1)). In addition, the results revealed that a relationship between the consumption of total phosphorus (TP) and fungal growth and enzyme production existed in P. chrysosporium cultures. Over a range of 0-0.5 g L(-1) KH(2)PO(4) concentration in the medium, the biomass and MnP activity increased in proportion to phosphorus concentration. When the KH(2)PO(4) concentration reached 0.5 g L(-1), it was generally found that the increase in biomass gradually slowed down, while MnP production decreased greatly with an increase in phosphorus concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Mattinen ML, Maijala P, Nousiainen P, Smeds A, Kontro J, Sipilä J, Tamminen T, Willför S, Viikari L. Oxidation of lignans and lignin model compounds by laccase in aqueous solvent systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Liers C, Arnstadt T, Ullrich R, Hofrichter M. Patterns of lignin degradation and oxidative enzyme secretion by different wood- and litter-colonizing basidiomycetes and ascomycetes grown on beech-wood. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2011; 78:91-102. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01144.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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13
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Park C, Lee M, Lee B, Kim SW, Chase HA, Lee J, Kim S. Biodegradation and biosorption for decolorization of synthetic dyes by Funalia trogii. Biochem Eng J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2006.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lan J, Huang X, Hu M, Li Y, Qu Y, Gao P, Wu D. High efficient degradation of dyes with lignin peroxidase coupled with glucose oxidase. J Biotechnol 2006; 123:483-90. [PMID: 16698106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2005] [Revised: 11/14/2005] [Accepted: 12/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The H(2)O(2) supply strategy was one of crucial factors for high efficient degradation of pollutants with lignin peroxidase (LiP). In this paper, an attempt was made to couple a H(2)O(2) producing enzymatic reaction to the LiP catalyzed oxidation of dyes. H(2)O(2) needed was generated by glucose oxidase (GOD) and its substrate glucose. The generation rate of H(2)O(2) could be easily controlled by adjusting the pH of the degradation system and the amount of GOD added. Due to the controlled release of H(2)O(2), a sustainable constant activity of LiP was observed. The inhibition of LiP by high level H(2)O(2) supplied externally by a single addition at the beginning of the experiments could be avoided. Degradation of three dyes (xylene cyanol, fuchsine and rhodamine B) with LiP coupled with GOD indicated that the present H(2)O(2) supply strategy was very effective for improvement of the efficiency of the decolourization of dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lan
- Key Laboratory of Colloid & Interface Chemistry of the Education Ministry of China, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
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Niemenmaa O, Uusi-Rauva A, Hatakka A. Wood stimulates the demethoxylation of [O14CH3]-labeled lignin model compounds by the white-rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Phlebia radiata. Arch Microbiol 2006; 185:307-15. [PMID: 16502311 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-006-0097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2003] [Revised: 02/01/2006] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mineralization of polymeric wood lignin and its substructures is a result of complex reactions involving oxidizing and reducing enzymes and radicals. The degradation of methoxyl groups is an essential part of this process. The presence of wood greatly stimulates the demethoxylation of a non-phenolic lignin model compound (a [O(14)CH(3)]-labeled beta-O-4 dimer) by the lignin-degrading white-rot fungi Phlebia radiata and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. When grown on wood, both fungi produced up to 47 and 40% (14)CO(2) of the applied (14)C activity, respectively, under air and oxygen in 8 weeks. Without wood, the demethoxylation of the dimer by both fungi was lower, varying between 0.5 and 35%. Addition of nutrient nitrogen together with glucose decreased demethoxylation when the fungi were grown on spruce wood under air. Because the evolution of (14)CO(2) in the absence of wood was poor, the fungi may have preferably used wood as a carbon and nitrogen source. The amount of fungal mycelium, as determined by the ergosterol assay, did not show connection to demethoxylation. P. radiata also showed a high demethoxylation of [O(14)CH(3)]-labeled vanillic acid in the presence of birch wood. The degradation of lignin and lignin-related substances should be studied in the presence of wood, the natural substrate for white-rot fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Outi Niemenmaa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Viikki Biocenter, Viikinkaari 9, P.O. Box 56, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
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Ürek RÖ, Pazarlioğlu NK. Purification and partial characterization of manganese peroxidase from immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Process Biochem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2003.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Wang Y, Vazquez-Duhalt R, Pickard MA. Manganese-lignin peroxidase hybrid from Bjerkandera adusta oxidizes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons more actively in the absence of manganese. Can J Microbiol 2004; 49:675-82. [PMID: 14735217 DOI: 10.1139/w03-091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) oxidation using whole cells and purified manganese-lignin peroxidase (MnLiP) from Bjerkandera adusta UAMH 8258. Although the metabolism of PAHs by B. adusta has been previously demonstrated, less than 5% mineralization of 14C-labelled PAHs occurred in this study over a 40-day period. Oxidation of PAHs was examined by a purified MnLiP hybrid isoenzyme in the presence and absence of manganous ions. The rate of PAH oxidation was decreased by the presence of Mn. The substrates were anthracene and its methyl derivatives, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene, PAHs with ionization potentials of 7.43 eV or lower. The PAH metabolites of the Mn-independent reaction were identified as the corresponding quinones. The pH optimum of the Mn-independent oxidation was generally about 4, while for the Mn-dependent reaction it was 3. The kinetic constants for the Mn-independent oxidation of 2-methylanthracene at pH 4 were determined, and the values we obtained were a kcat of 145/min, KM,app of 23.8 mmol/L for the aromatic substrate, and KM,app of 0.2 mmol/L for hydrogen peroxide. This is the first report of PAH oxidation by a MnLiP hybrid isoenzyme from white rot fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- Deartment of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Mielgo I, Palma C, Guisan J, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Moreira M, Feijoo G, Lema J. Covalent immobilisation of manganese peroxidases (MnP) from Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Bjerkandera sp. BOS55. Enzyme Microb Technol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(03)00066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gonzales L, Hernández J, Perestelo F, Carnicero A, Falcón M. Relationship between mineralization of synthetic lignins and the generation of hydroxyl radicals by laccase and a low molecular weight substance produced by Petriellidium fusoideum. Enzyme Microb Technol 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(01)00527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Steffen KT, Hofrichter M, Hatakka A. Purification and characterization of manganese peroxidases from the litter-decomposing basidiomycetes Agrocybe praecox and Stropharia coronilla. Enzyme Microb Technol 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(01)00525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Hofrichter M, Lundell T, Hatakka A. Conversion of milled pine wood by manganese peroxidase from Phlebia radiata. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:4588-93. [PMID: 11571160 PMCID: PMC93207 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.10.4588-4593.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2001] [Accepted: 07/09/2001] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purified manganese peroxidase (MnP) from the white-rot basidiomycete Phlebia radiata was found to convert in vitro milled pine wood (MPW) suspended in an aqueous reaction solution containing Tween 20, Mn(2+), Mn-chelating organic acid (malonate), and a hydrogen peroxide-generating system (glucose-glucose oxidase). The enzymatic attack resulted in the polymerization of lower-molecular-mass, soluble wood components and in the partial depolymerization of the insoluble bulk of pine wood, as demonstrated by high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). The surfactant Tween 80 containing unsaturated fatty acid residues promoted the disintegration of bulk MPW. HPSEC showed that the depolymerization yielded preferentially lignocellulose fragments with a predominant molecular mass of ca. 0.5 kDa. MnP from P. radiata (MnP3) turned out to be a stable enzyme remaining active for 2 days even at 37 degrees C with vigorous stirring, and 65 and 35% of the activity applied was retained in Tween 20 and Tween 80 reaction mixtures, respectively. In the course of reactions, major part of the Mn-chelator malonate was decomposed (85 to 87%), resulting in an increase of pH from 4.4 to >6.5. An aromatic nonphenolic lignin structure (beta-O-4 dimer), which is normally not attacked by MnP, was oxidizible in the presence of pine wood meal. This finding indicates that certain wood components may promote the degradative activities of MnP in a way similar to that promoted by Tween 80, unsaturated fatty acids, or thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hofrichter
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Dorado J, Almendros G, Camarero S, Martı́nez AT, Vares T, Hatakka A. Transformation of wheat straw in the course of solid-state fermentation by four ligninolytic basidiomycetes. Enzyme Microb Technol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kapich A, Hofrichter M, Vares T, Hatakka A. Coupling of manganese peroxidase-mediated lipid peroxidation with destruction of nonphenolic lignin model compounds and 14C-labeled lignins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 259:212-9. [PMID: 10334942 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Linoleic acid, the predominant unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) in the lipids of wood-rotting fungi, was oxidized by manganese peroxidase (MnP) from the white-rot fungus Phlebia radiata through a peroxidation mechanism. The peroxidation was markedly stimulated by hydrogen peroxide. UFAs that are substrates for lipid peroxidation and surfactants that emulsify water-insoluble components were essential for the MnP-catalyzed destruction of a nonphenolic beta-O-4-linked lignin model compound (LMC). Moreover, both components stimulated the MnP-catalyzed mineralization of 14C-labeled synthetic lignin and 14C-labeled wheat straw. A high level of destruction was obtained in reaction systems with Tween 80 acting both as surfactant and source of UFAs. The presence of the linoleic acid in reaction systems with MnP and Tween 80 additionally enhanced rate and level of LMC destruction and lignin mineralization. The results indicate that lipid peroxidation may play an important role in lignin biodegradation by wood-rotting basidiomycetes and support the hypothesis of coupling between the processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kapich
- Institute of Microbiology, Belarussian Academy of Sciences, Minsk, Belarus.
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Production of manganese peroxidase and organic acids and mineralization of 14C-labelled lignin (14C-DHP) during solid-state fermentation of wheat straw with the white rot fungus nematoloma frowardii. Appl Environ Microbiol 1999; 65:1864-70. [PMID: 10223971 PMCID: PMC91268 DOI: 10.1128/aem.65.5.1864-1870.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The basidiomycetous fungus Nematoloma frowardii produced manganese peroxidase (MnP) as the predominant ligninolytic enzyme during solid-state fermentation (SSF) of wheat straw. The purified enzyme had a molecular mass of 50 kDa and an isoelectric point of 3.2. In addition to MnP, low levels of laccase and lignin peroxidase were detected. Synthetic 14C-ring-labelled lignin (14C-DHP) was efficiently degraded during SSF. Approximately 75% of the initial radioactivity was released as 14CO2, while only 6% was associated with the residual straw material, including the well-developed fungal biomass. On the basis of this finding we concluded that at least partial extracellular mineralization of lignin may have occurred. This conclusion was supported by the fact that we detected high levels of organic acids in the fermented straw (the maximum concentrations in the water phases of the straw cultures were 45 mM malate, 3.5 mM fumarate, and 10 mM oxalate), which rendered MnP effective and therefore made partial direct mineralization of lignin possible. Experiments performed in a cell-free system, which simulated the conditions in the straw cultures, revealed that MnP in fact converted part of the 14C-DHP to 14CO2 (which accounted for up to 8% of the initial radioactivity added) and 14C-labelled water-soluble products (which accounted for 43% of the initial radioactivity) in the presence of natural levels of organic acids (30 mM malate, 5 mM fumarate).
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