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Resende R, Torres H, Yuahasi K, Majumder P, Ulrich H. Delivery Systems for in Vivo use of Nucleic Acid Drugs. Drug Target Insights 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/117739280700200021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R.R. Resende
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - H.A.M. Torres
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | - K.K. Yuahasi
- Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Present address
| | - P Majumder
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - H Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil
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2
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González VM, Martín ME, Fernández G, García-Sacristán A. Use of Aptamers as Diagnostics Tools and Antiviral Agents for Human Viruses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9040078. [PMID: 27999271 PMCID: PMC5198053 DOI: 10.3390/ph9040078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate diagnosis is the key factor for treatment of viral diseases. Time is the most important factor in rapidly developing and epidemiologically dangerous diseases, such as influenza, Ebola and SARS. Chronic viral diseases such as HIV-1 or HCV are asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic and the therapeutic success mainly depends on early detection of the infective agent. Over the last years, aptamer technology has been used in a wide range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications and, concretely, several strategies are currently being explored using aptamers against virus proteins. From a diagnostics point of view, aptamers are being designed as a bio-recognition element in diagnostic systems to detect viral proteins either in the blood (serum or plasma) or into infected cells. Another potential use of aptamers is for therapeutics of viral infections, interfering in the interaction between the virus and the host using aptamers targeting host-cell matrix receptors, or attacking the virus intracellularly, targeting proteins implicated in the viral replication cycle. In this paper, we review how aptamers working against viral proteins are discovered, with a focus on recent advances that improve the aptamers' properties as a real tool for viral infection detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M González
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Investigación, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS)-Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Elena Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Investigación, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS)-Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gerónimo Fernández
- Aptus Biotech SL, c/Faraday, 7, Parque Científico de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana García-Sacristán
- Aptus Biotech SL, c/Faraday, 7, Parque Científico de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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A sensitive aptasensor for colorimetric detection of adenosine triphosphate based on the protective effect of ATP-aptamer complexes on unmodified gold nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 78:315-320. [PMID: 26638040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the most direct source of energy in organisms. This study is the first to demonstrate that ATP-aptamer complexes provide greater protection for unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) against salt-induced aggregation than either aptamer or ATP alone. This protective effect was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, Zeta potential measurement, and fluorescence polarization techniques. Utilizing controlled particle aggregation/dispersion as a gauge, a sensitive and selective aptasensor for colorimetric detection of ATP was developed using ATP-binding aptamers as the identification element and unmodified AuNPs as the probe. This aptasensor exhibited a good linear relationship between the absorbance and the logarithm concentration of ATP within a 50-1000 nM range. ATP analogs such as guanosine triphosphate, uridine triphosphate and cytidine triphosphate resulted in little or no interference in the determination of ATP.
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Marton S, Romero-López C, Berzal-Herranz A. RNA aptamer-mediated interference of HCV replication by targeting the CRE-5BSL3.2 domain. J Viral Hepat 2013; 20:103-12. [PMID: 23301545 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2012.01629.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The RNA genome of hepatitis C virus (HCV) contains multiple conserved structural RNA domains that play key roles in essential viral processes. A conserved structural component within the 3' end of the region coding for viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) has been characterized as a functional cis-acting replication element (CRE). This study reports the ability of two RNA aptamers, P-58 and P-78, to interfere with HCV replication by targeting the essential 5BSL3.2 domain within this CRE. Structure-probing assays showed the binding of the aptamers to the CRE results in a structural reorganization of the apical portion of the 5BSL3.2 stem-loop domain. This interfered with the binding of the NS5B protein to the CRE and induced a significant reduction in HCV replication (≈50%) in an autonomous subgenomic HCV replication system. These results highlight the potential of this CRE as a target for the development of anti-HCV therapies and underscore the potential of antiviral agents based on RNA aptamer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marton
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, IPBLN-CSIC, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
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Inhibition of HIV Replication by Cyclic and Hairpin PNAs Targeting the HIV-1 TAR RNA Loop. J Nucleic Acids 2012; 2012:591025. [PMID: 23029603 PMCID: PMC3457641 DOI: 10.1155/2012/591025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) replication and gene expression entails specific interaction of the viral protein Tat with its transactivation responsive element (TAR), to form a highly stable stem-bulge-loop structure. Previously, we described triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation-based vectors that efficiently deliver nucleotide analogs (PNAs) into the cytoplasm of cells. In particular, we showed that the TPP conjugate of a linear 16-mer PNA targeting the apical stem-loop region of TAR impedes Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR in vitro and also in cell culture systems. In this communication, we conjugated TPP to cyclic and hairpin PNAs targeting the loop region of HIV-1 TAR and evaluated their antiviral efficacy in a cell culture system. We found that TPP-cyclic PNAs containing only 8 residues, showed higher antiviral potency compared to hairpin PNAs of 12 or 16 residues. We further noted that the TPP-conjugates of the 8-mer cyclic PNA as well as the 16-mer linear PNA displayed similar antiviral efficacy. However, cyclic PNAs were shown to be highly specific to their target sequences. This communication emphasizes on the importance of small constrained cyclic PNAs over both linear and hairpin structures for targeting biologically relevant RNA hairpins.
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Marton S, Berzal-Herranz B, Garmendia E, Cueto FJ, Berzal-Herranz A. Anti-HCV RNA Aptamers Targeting the Genomic cis-Acting Replication Element. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2011; 5:49-60. [PMID: 24288042 PMCID: PMC3763624 DOI: 10.3390/ph5010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication is dependent on the existence of several highly conserved functional genomic RNA domains. The cis-acting replication element (CRE), located within the 3' end of the NS5B coding region of the HCV genome, has been shown essential for efficient viral replication. Its sequence and structural features determine its involvement in functional interactions with viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and distant RNA domains of the viral genome. This work reports the use of an in vitro selection strategy to select aptamer RNA molecules against the complete HCV-CRE. After six selection cycles, five potential target sites were identified within this domain. Inhibition assays using a sample of representative aptamers showed that the selected RNAs significantly inhibit the replication (>80%) of a subgenomic HCV replicon in Huh-7 cell cultures. These results highlight the potential of aptamer RNA molecules as therapeutic antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Marton
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", IPBLN-CSIC, P.T. Ciencias de la Salud, Av. del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain.
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Ayel E, Escudé C. In vitro selection of oligonucleotides that bind double-stranded DNA in the presence of triplex-stabilizing agents. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38:e31. [PMID: 20007154 PMCID: PMC2836567 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A SELEX approach has been developed in order to select oligonucleotides that bind double-stranded DNA in the presence of a triplex-stabilizing agent, and was applied to a target sequence containing an oligopurine-oligopyrimidine stretch. After only seven rounds of selection, the process led to the identification of oligonucleotides that were able to form triple helices within the antiparallel motif. Inspection of the selected sequences revealed that, contrary to GC base pair which were always recognized by guanines, recognition of AT base pair could be achieved by either adenine or thymine, depending on the sequence context. While thymines are strongly preferred for several positions, some others can accommodate the presence of adenines. These results contribute to set the rules for designing oligonucleotides that form stable triple helices in the presence of triplex-stabilizing agents at physiological pH. They set the basis for further experiments regarding extension of potential target sequences for triple-helix formation or recognition of ligand-DNA complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Ayel
- CNRS UMR 7196, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, INSERM U 565, Case Postale 26, 43 rue Cuvier, Cedex 05, 75005 Paris, France
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Abstract
The current standard of care for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection, pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin, is costly, associated with significant side effects, and effective in only 50% of patients. There is therefore a need for the development of novel antiviral therapies. One such approach involves the application of gene silencing technologies, including antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes, RNA interference, and aptamers. However, despite great scientific advances over the past decade, and promising in vitro data, several significant challenges continue to limit the translation of this technology to the clinical setting. This review provides a concise update of the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J V Thompson
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27715, USA
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Romero-López C, Díaz-González R, Barroso-delJesus A, Berzal-Herranz A. Inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication and internal ribosome entry site-dependent translation by an RNA molecule. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:1659-1669. [PMID: 19264618 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.008821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) protein synthesis is mediated by a highly conserved internal ribosome entry site (IRES), mostly located at the 5' untranslatable region (UTR) of the viral genome. The translation mechanism is different from that used by cellular cap-mRNAs, making IRESs an attractive target site for new antiviral drugs. The present work characterizes a chimeric RNA molecule (HH363-50) composed of two inhibitors: a hammerhead ribozyme targeting position 363 of the HCV genome and an aptamer directed towards the essential stem-loop structure in domain IV of the IRES region (which contains the translation start codon). The inhibitor RNA interferes with the formation of a translationally active complex, stalling its progression at the level of 80S particle formation. This action is likely related to the effective and specific blocking of HCV IRES-dependent translation achieved in Huh-7 cells. The inhibitor HH363-50 also reduces HCV RNA levels in a subgenomic replicon system. The present findings suggest that HH363-50 could be an effective anti-HCV compound and highlight the possibilities of antiviral agents based on RNA molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Romero-López
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina 'López-Neyra', CSIC, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Díaz-González
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina 'López-Neyra', CSIC, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Alicia Barroso-delJesus
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina 'López-Neyra', CSIC, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Alfredo Berzal-Herranz
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina 'López-Neyra', CSIC, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
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11
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Liu Y, Sun QA, Chen Q, Lee TH, Huang Y, Wetsel WC, Michelotti GA, Sullenger BA, Zhang X. Targeting inhibition of GluR1 Ser845 phosphorylation with an RNA aptamer that blocks AMPA receptor trafficking. J Neurochem 2008; 108:147-57. [PMID: 19046328 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05748.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation at glutamate receptor subunit 1(GluR1) Ser845 residue has been widely accepted to involve in GluR1-containing alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor trafficking, but the in vivo evidence has not yet been established. One of the main obstacles is the lack of effective methodologies to selectively target phosphorylation at single amino acid residue. In this study, the Escherichia coli-expressed glutathione-S-transferase-tagged intracellular carboxyl-terminal domain of GluR1 (cGluR1) was phosphorylated by protein kinase A for in vitro selection. We have successfully selected aptamers which effectively bind to phospho-Ser845 cGluR1 protein, but without binding to phospho-Ser831 cGluR1 protein. Moreover, pre-binding of the unphospho-cGluR1 protein with these aptamers inhibits protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation at Ser845 residue. In contrast, the pre-binding of aptamer A2 has no effect on protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation at Ser831 residue. Importantly, the representative aptamer A2 can effectively bind the mammalian GluR1 that inhibited GluR1/GluR1-containing AMPA receptor trafficking to the cell surface and abrogated forskolin-stimulated phosphorylation at GluR1 Ser845 in both green fluorescent protein-GluR1-transfected human embryonic kidney cells and cultured rat cortical neurons. The strategy to use aptamer to modify single-residue phosphorylation is expected to facilitate evaluation of the potential role of AMPA receptors in various forms of synaptic plasticity including that underlying psychostimulant abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmiao Liu
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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12
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Abstract
Systematic evolution of ligand by exponential enrichment (SELEX) is a new combinational chemical methodology for in vitro selection of specific aptamers. Aptamers are artificial oligonucleotide ligands with high affinity binding to target molecules. They are isolated from combinational libraries of synthetic oligonucleotide by an iterative process of affinity selection, recovery and amplification. Several properties of aptamers such as convenient affinity selection and high affinity and specificify make them widely used. Their affinity and specificity for a given protein are superior to antibodies and make it possible to isolate a matching ligand and adjust its bioactivity. This article reviews the development and potentially clinical application of aptamers targeting at hepatitis C virus.
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Ohuchi SP, Ikawa Y, Nakamura Y. Selection of a novel class of RNA-RNA interaction motifs based on the ligase ribozyme with defined modular architecture. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 36:3600-7. [PMID: 18460545 PMCID: PMC2441787 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop molecular tools for the detection and control of RNA molecules whose functions rely on their 3D structures, we have devised a selection system to isolate novel RNA motifs that interact with a target RNA structure within a given structural context. In this system, a GAAA tetraloop and its specific receptor motif (11-ntR) from an artificial RNA ligase ribozyme with modular architecture (the DSL ribozyme) were replaced with a target structure and random sequence, respectively. Motifs recognizing the target structure can be identified by in vitro selection based on ribozyme activity. A model selection targeting GAAA-loop successfully identified motifs previously known as GAAA-loop receptors. In addition, a new selection targeting a C-loop motif also generated novel motifs that interact with this structure. Biochemical analysis of one of the C-loop receptor motifs revealed that it could also function as an independent structural unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji P Ohuchi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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Famulok M, Hartig JS, Mayer G. Functional aptamers and aptazymes in biotechnology, diagnostics, and therapy. Chem Rev 2007; 107:3715-43. [PMID: 17715981 DOI: 10.1021/cr0306743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 666] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Famulok
- LIMES Institute, Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, c/o Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Gerhard Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Stoltenburg R, Reinemann C, Strehlitz B. SELEX--a (r)evolutionary method to generate high-affinity nucleic acid ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 24:381-403. [PMID: 17627883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioeng.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 910] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2007] [Revised: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SELEX stands for systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. This method, described primarily in 1990 [Ellington, A.D., Szostak, J.W., 1990. In vitro selection of RNA molecules that bind specific ligands. Nature 346, 818-822; Tuerk, C., Gold, L., 1990. Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: RNA ligands to bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase. Science 249, 505-510] aims at the development of aptamers, which are oligonucleotides (RNA or ssDNA) binding to their target with high selectivity and sensitivity because of their three-dimensional shape. Aptamers are all new ligands with a high affinity for considerably differing molecules ranging from large targets as proteins over peptides, complex molecules to drugs and organic small molecules or even metal ions. Aptamers are widely used, including medical and pharmaceutical basic research, drug development, diagnosis, and therapy. Analytical and separation tools bearing aptamers as molecular recognition and binding elements are another big field of application. Moreover, aptamers are used for the investigation of binding phenomena in proteomics. The SELEX method was modified over the years in different ways to become more efficient and less time consuming, to reach higher affinities of the aptamers selected and for automation of the process. This review is focused on the development of aptamers by use of SELEX and gives an overview about technologies, advantages, limitations, and applications of aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Stoltenburg
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Mi J, Zhang X, Rabbani ZN, Liu Y, Su Z, Vujaskovic Z, Kontos CD, Sullenger BA, Clary BM. H1 RNA polymerase III promoter-driven expression of an RNA aptamer leads to high-level inhibition of intracellular protein activity. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34:3577-84. [PMID: 16855294 PMCID: PMC1524923 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkl482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamers offer advantages over other oligonucleotide-based approaches that artificially interfere with target gene function due to their ability to bind protein products of these genes with high affinity and specificity. However, RNA aptamers are limited in their ability to target intracellular proteins since even nuclease-resistant aptamers do not efficiently enter the intracellular compartments. Moreover, attempts at expressing RNA aptamers within mammalian cells through vector-based approaches have been hampered by the presence of additional flanking sequences in expressed RNA aptamers, which may alter their functional conformation. In this report, we successfully expressed a ‘pure’ RNA aptamer specific for NF-κB p50 protein (A-p50) utilizing an adenoviral vector employing the H1 RNA polymerase III promoter. Binding of the expressed aptamer to its target and subsequent inhibition of NF-κB mediated intracellular events were demonstrated in human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549), murine mammary carcinoma cells (4T1) as well as a human tumor xenograft model. This success highlights the promise of RNA aptamers to effectively target intracellular proteins for in vitro discovery and in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Mi
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
| | - Xiuwu Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
| | - Zahid N Rabbani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
| | - Yingmiao Liu
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
| | - Zhen Su
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
| | - Zeljko Vujaskovic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Bryan M. Clary
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at Box 3629 and Box 2633, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Tel: +1 919 684 3381; Fax: +1 919 668 0487;
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Trepanier JB, Tanner JE, Alfieri C. Oligonucleotide-Based Therapeutic Options against Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Antivir Ther 2006. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350601100315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the cause of a silent pandemic that, due to the chronic nature of the disease and the absence of curative therapy, continues to claim an ever-increasing number of lives. Current antiviral regimens have proven largely unsatisfactory for patients with HCV drug-resistant genotypes. It is therefore important to explore alternative therapeutic stratagems whose mode of action allows them to bypass viral resistance. Antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes, small interfering RNAs, aptamers and deoxyribozymes constitute classes of oligonucleotide-based compounds designed to target highly conserved or functionally crucial regions contained within the HCV genome. The therapeutic expectation for such compounds is the elimination of HCV from infected individuals. Progress in oligonucleotide-based HCV antivirals towards clinical application depends on development of nucleotide designs that bolster efficacy while minimizing toxicity, improvement in liver-targeting delivery systems, and refinement of small-animal models for preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janie B Trepanier
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Caroline Alfieri
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Mi J, Zhang X, Giangrande PH, McNamara JO, Nimjee SM, Sarraf-Yazdi S, Sullenger BA, Clary BM. Targeted inhibition of alphavbeta3 integrin with an RNA aptamer impairs endothelial cell growth and survival. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 338:956-63. [PMID: 16256939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2005] [Accepted: 10/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alphavbeta3 integrin is a crucial factor involved in a variety of physiological processes, such as cell growth and migration, tumor invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, and wound healing. Alphavbeta3 integrin exerts its effect by regulating endothelial cell (EC) migration, proliferation, and survival. Inhibiting the function of alphavbeta3 integrin, therefore, represents a potential anti-cancer, anti-thrombotic, and anti-inflammatory strategy. In this study, we tested an RNA aptamer, Apt-alphavbeta3 that binds recombinant alphavbeta3 integrin, for its ability to bind endogenous alphavbeta3 integrin on the surface of cells in culture and to subsequently affect cellular response. Our data illustrate that Apt-alphavbeta3 binds alphavbeta3 integrin expressed on the surface of live HUVECs. This interaction significantly decreases both basal and PDGF-induced cell proliferation as well as inhibition of cell adhesion. Apt-alphavbeta3 can also reduce PDGF-stimulated tube formation and increase HUVEC apoptosis through inhibition of FAK phosphorylation pathway. Our results demonstrate that by binding to its target, Apt-alphavbeta3 can efficiently inhibit human EC proliferation and survival, resulting in reduced angiogenesis. It predicts that Apt-alphavbeta3 could become useful in both tumor imaging and the treatment of tumor growth, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Mi
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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19
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Interaction of RNA polymerase II general transcription complex proteins with oligoribonucleotides. Mol Biol 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11008-005-0017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kim MY, Jeong S. Inhibition of the functions of the nucleocapsid protein of human immunodeficiency virus-1 by an RNA aptamer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 320:1181-6. [PMID: 15249214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The nucleocapsid (NC) protein plays many roles in the life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Previously we selected the NC binding RNA aptamers from diverse forms of RNA libraries. Here we used one of the RNA aptamers to the NC protein, N70-13, and tested its effect on NC protein in vitro and in cells. The high affinity RNA aptamer completely abolished NC binding to the stable transactivation response hairpin and psi RNA stem-loops of HIV-1 RNA. When it was expressed in cells as an intramer it inhibited the packaging of viral genomic RNA and therefore promises to be an effective anti-HIV therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Seoul 140-714, Republic of Korea
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