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Lee K, Kim TH, Jo SH, Yu S. Adsorption effects of electron scavengers and inorganic ions on catalysts for catalytic oxidation of sulfamethoxazole in radiation treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141675. [PMID: 38484989 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate adsorption effects of electron scavengers (H2O2 and S2O82-) on oxidation performance for mineralization of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in radiation treatment using catalysts (Al2O3, TiO2). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 1 mM) as an electron scavenger showed weak adsorption onto catalysts (0.012 mmol g-1-Al2O3 and 0.004 mmol g-1-TiO2, respectively), leading to an increase in TOC removal efficiency of SMX within the absorbed dose of 30 kGy by 12.3% with Al2O3 and by 8.0% with TiO2. The weak adsorption of H2O2 onto the catalyst allowed it to act as an electron scavenger, promoting indirect decomposition reactions. However, high adsorption of S2O82- (1 mM) onto Al2O3 (0.266 mmol g-1-Al2O3) showed a decrease in TOC removal efficiency of SMX from 76.2% to 30.2% within the absorbed dose of 30 kGy. The high adsorption of S2O82- onto the catalyst inhibited direct decomposition reaction by reducing adsorption of SMX on catalysts. TOC removal efficiency for Al2O3 without electron scavengers in an acidic condition was higher than that in a neutral or alkaline condition. However, TOC removal efficiency for Al2O3 with S2O82- was higher in a neutral condition than in other pH conditions. This indicates that the pH of a solution plays a critical role in the catalytic oxidation performance by determining surface charges of catalysts and yield of reactive radicals produced from water radiolysis. In the radiocatalytic system, H2O2 enhances the oxidation performance of catalysts (Al2O3 and TiO2) over a wide pH range (3-11). Meanwhile, S2O82- is not suitable with Al2O3 in acidic conditions because of its strong adsorption onto Al2O3 in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea; Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Hun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hee Jo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seungho Yu
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea.
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Zhuang B, Wang ZG. Molecular-Based Theory for Electron-Transfer Reorganization Energy in Solvent Mixtures. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:6373-82. [PMID: 27187110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using statistical-field techniques, we develop a molecular-based dipolar self-consistent-field theory (DSCFT) for charge solvation in liquid mixtures under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions, and apply it to compute the solvent reorganization energy of electron-transfer reactions. In addition to the nonequilibrium orientational polarization, the reorganization energy in liquid mixtures is also determined by the out-of-equilibrium solvent composition around the reacting species due to preferential solvation. Using molecular parameters that are readily available, the DSCFT naturally accounts for the dielectric saturation effect and the spatially varying solvent composition in the vicinity of the reacting species. We identify three general categories of binary solvent mixtures, classified by the relative optical and static dielectric permittivities of the solvent components. Each category of mixture is shown to produce a characteristic local solvent composition profile in the vicinity of the reacting species, which gives rise to the distinctive composition dependence of the reorganization energy that cannot be predicted using the dielectric permittivities of the homogeneous solvent mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilin Zhuang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Zhen-Gang Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Ismailova O, Berezin AS, Probst M, Nazmutdinov RR. Interfacial bond-breaking electron transfer in mixed water-ethylene glycol solutions: reorganization energy and interplay between different solvent modes. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:8793-801. [PMID: 23768162 PMCID: PMC3725609 DOI: 10.1021/jp405097c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We explore solvent dynamics effects in interfacial bond breaking electron transfer in terms of a multimode approach and make an attempt to interpret challenging recent experimental results (the nonmonotonous behavior of the rate constant of electroreduction of S2O8(2-) from mixed water-EG solutions when increasing the EG fraction; see Zagrebin, P.A. et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2010, 114, 311). The exact expansion of the solvent correlation function (calculated using experimental dielectric spectra) in a series predicts the splitting of solvent coordinate in three independent modes characterized by different relaxation times. This makes it possible to construct a 5D free-energy surface along three solvent coordinates and one intramolecular degree of freedom describing first electron transfer at the reduction of a peroxodisulphate anion. Classical molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the solvation of a peroxodisulphate anion (S2O8(2-)) in oxidized and reduced states in pure water and ethylene glycol (EG) as well as mixed H2O-EG solutions. The solvent reorganization energy of the first electron-transfer step at the reduction of S2O8(2-) was calculated for several compositions of the mixed solution. This quantity was found to be significantly asymmetric. (The reorganization energies of reduction and oxidation differ from each other.) The averaged reorganization energy slightly increases with increasing the EG content in solution. This finding clearly indicates that for the reaction under study the static solvent effect no longer competes with solvent dynamics. Brownian dynamics simulations were performed to calculate the electron-transfer rate constants as a function of the solvent composition. The results of the simulations explain the experimental data, at least qualitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Ismailova
- Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technology, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, 100125 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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Lopez-Cornejo P, Bote B, Felix R, Infantes I, Lopez P, Martin A, Mateos E, Perez M, Rojas A, Suarez R. Binding of Ru(NH3)5pz2+ to 4-sulfocalix[4]arene sodium salt. Effects of the host-guest interaction on electron transfer processes. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:12721-6. [PMID: 19722494 DOI: 10.1021/jp903715t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reactions [Ru(NH3)5pz]2++S2O8(2-) and [Ru(NH3)5pz]2++[Co(C2O4)3]3- have been studied in solutions of 4-sulfocalix[4]arene sodium salt. Results show a binding of the ruthenium complex to the calixarene with a 2:1 stoichiometry; that is, a ruthenium molecule binds to two calixarene molecules. This stoichiometry changes when NaCl is added to the medium. Thus, a mixture of 1:1 and 2:1 adducts is found in the presence of 0.1 mol dm(-3) NaCl and only 1:1 adducts when the salt concentration is increased up to 0.3 mol dm(-3). Results show that the binding of the ruthenium complex to the calixarene is due to electrostatic and nonelectrostatic interactions. Kinetic data are interpreted by using the pseudophase model and taking into account the stoichiometry of the ruthenium binding to calixarene. The presence of a supporting electrolyte in the medium produces ion pair formation which exerts an influence on the kinetic rate constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lopez-Cornejo
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, c/ Prof. Garcia Gonzalez s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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Nazmutdinov RR, Bronshtein MD, Tsirlina GA, Titova NV. Interplay between Solvent Effects of Different Nature in Interfacial Bond Breaking Electron Transfer. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:10277-84. [PMID: 19580296 DOI: 10.1021/jp902712g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renat R. Nazmutdinov
- Kazan State Technological University, K. Marx Str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Republic Tatarstan, Russian Federation, and Department of Electrochemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-str.3, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Michael D. Bronshtein
- Kazan State Technological University, K. Marx Str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Republic Tatarstan, Russian Federation, and Department of Electrochemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-str.3, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Galina A. Tsirlina
- Kazan State Technological University, K. Marx Str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Republic Tatarstan, Russian Federation, and Department of Electrochemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-str.3, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nina V. Titova
- Kazan State Technological University, K. Marx Str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Republic Tatarstan, Russian Federation, and Department of Electrochemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-str.3, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Lopes-Costa T, Lopez-Cornejo P, Villa I, Perez-Tejeda P, Prado-Gotor R, Sanchez F. Salt and Solvent Effects on the Kinetics of the Oxidation of the Excited State of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ Complex by S2O82-. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:4196-201. [PMID: 16553370 DOI: 10.1021/jp055189l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The title reaction was studied in different reaction media: aqueous salt solutions (NaNO3) and water-cosolvent (methanol) mixtures. The observed rate constants, k(obs), show normal behavior in the solutions containing the electrolyte, that is, a negative salt effect. However, the solvent effect is abnormal, because a decrease of the rate constant is observed when the dielectric constant of the reaction medium decreases. These effects (the normal and the abnormal) can be explained using the Marcus-Hush treatment for electron transfer reactions. To apply this treatment, the true, unimolecular, electron-transfer rate constants, k(et), have been obtained from k(obs) after calculation of the rate constants corresponding to the formation of the encounter complex from the separate reactants, k(D), and the dissociation of this complex, k(-D). This calculation has been carried out using an exponential mean spherical approach (EMSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lopes-Costa
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, c/ Profesor García Gonzalez s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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Pérez F, Hernández M, Prado-Gotor R, Lopes-Costa T, López-Cornejo P. Method for the evaluation of the reorganization energy of electron transfer reactions in water–methanol mixtures. Chem Phys Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Anbalagan K, Geethalakshmi T, Poonkodi SPR. Measurement of Solvent Dynamics Effects on the Electron Transfer Reaction of Co(NH3)4ox+ in Mixed Solvents: A Quantitative Approach. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp022170z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Anbalagan
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute(Deemed University), Gandhigram 624 302, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T. Geethalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute(Deemed University), Gandhigram 624 302, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. P. R. Poonkodi
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute(Deemed University), Gandhigram 624 302, Tamil Nadu, India
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