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Zeng J, Zhang H, Liu Y, Sun W, Yi D, Zhu L, Zhang Y, Pan X, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Bian G, Lai M, Zhou Q, Liu J, Chen B, Ma F. Overexpression of p21 Has Inhibitory Effect on Human Hematopoiesis by Blocking Generation of CD43+ Cells via Cell-Cycle Regulation. Int J Stem Cells 2020; 13:202-211. [PMID: 32587134 PMCID: PMC7378898 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives p21, an important member of the Cip/Kip family, is involved in inhibitory effects of RUNX1b overexpression during the early stage of human hematopoiesis. Methods and Results We established a human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line with inducible expression of p21 (p21/hESCs). Overexpression of p21 did not influence either mesoderm induction or emergence of CD34+ cells, but it significantly decreased the production of CD43+ cells and changed the expression profile of hematopoiesis-related factors, leading to the negative effects of p21 on hematopoiesis. Conclusions In RUNX1b/hESC co-cultures when RUNX1b was induced from D0, perturbation of the cell cycle caused by upregulation of p21 probably prevented the appearance of CD43+ cells, but not CD34+ cells. The mechanisms via which CD34+ cells are blocked by RUNX1b overexpression remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zeng
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanling Liu
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Wencui Sun
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Danying Yi
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Lijiao Zhu
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Pan
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Yijing Chen
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Guohui Bian
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Mowen Lai
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Qiongxiu Zhou
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Research Center for Stem Cell Therapies, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin, China
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The evolving role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in the normophysiology of hematopoiesis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2013; 8:1223-35. [PMID: 22628113 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-012-9384-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In addition to its role as a toxicological signal mediator, the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) is also a transcription factor known to regulate cellular responses to oxidative stress and inflammation through transcriptional regulation of molecules involved in the signaling of nucear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), p53 (TRP53), retinoblastoma (RB1), and NFκB. Recent research suggests that AHR activation of these signaling pathways may provide the molecular basis for understanding AHR's evolving role in endogenous developmental functions during hematopoietic stem-cell maintenance and differentiation. Recent developments into the hematopoietic roles for AHR are reviewed, aiming to reconcile divergent findings as to the endogenous function of AHR in hematopoiesis. Potential mechanistic explanations for AHR's involvement in hematopoietic differentiation are discussed, focusing on its known role as a cell cycle mediator and its interactions with Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1 alpha (HIF1-α). Understanding the physiological mechanisms of AHR activation and signaling have far reaching implications ranging from explaining the action of various toxicological agents to providing novel ways to expand stem cell populations ex vivo for use in transplant therapies.
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Investigating the relationship between cell cycle stage and diosgenin-induced megakaryocytic differentiation of HEL cells using sedimentation field-flow fractionation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:1273-83. [PMID: 20714892 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation therapy could be one strategy for stopping cancer cell proliferation. A plant steroid, diosgenin, is known to induce megakaryocytic differentiation in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells. In recent studies, the use of sedimentation field-flow fractionation (SdFFF) allowed the preparation of subpopulations that may differ in regard to sensitivity to differentiation induction. The specific goal of this study was to determine the relationship between cell cycle stage and sensitivity to megakaryocytic differentiation induction of HEL cells. After first confirming the capacity of diosgenin to specifically select targets, hyperlayer SdFFF cell sorting was used to prepare fractions according to cell cycle position from crude HEL cells. The sensitivities of these fractions to diosgenin-induced differentiation were then tested. The coupling of SdFFF cell separation to imaging flow cytometry showed that G1-phase cells were more sensitive to differentiation induction than S/G2M-phase cells, confirming the relationship between cell status at the start of induction, the extent of the biological event, and the potential of SdFFF in cancer research.
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Albanese P, Caruelle D, Frescaline G, Delbé J, Petit-Cocault L, Huet E, Charnaux N, Uzan G, Papy-Garcia D, Courty J. Glycosaminoglycan mimetics–induced mobilization of hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells into mouse peripheral blood: Structure/function insights∗. Exp Hematol 2009; 37:1072-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Revised: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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A retroviral mutagenesis screen reveals strong cooperation between Bcl11a overexpression and loss of the Nf1 tumor suppressor gene. Blood 2008; 113:1075-85. [PMID: 18948576 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-03-144436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
NF1 inactivation occurs in specific human cancers, including juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, an aggressive myeloproliferative disorder of childhood. However, evidence suggests that Nf1 loss alone does not cause leukemia. We therefore hypothesized that inactivation of the Nf1 tumor suppressor gene requires cooperating mutations to cause acute leukemia. To search for candidate genes that cooperate with Nf1 deficiency in leukemogenesis, we performed a forward genetic screen using retroviral insertion mutagenesis in Nf1 mutant mice. We identified 43 common proviral insertion sites that contain candidate genes involved in leukemogenesis. One of these genes, Bcl11a, confers a growth advantage in cultured Nf1 mutant hematopoietic cells and causes early onset of leukemia of either myeloid or lymphoid lineage in mice when expressed in Nf1-deficient bone marrow. Bcl11a-expressing cells display compromised p21(Cip1) induction, suggesting that Bcl11a's oncogenic effects are mediated, in part, through suppression of p21(Cip1). Importantly, Bcl11a is expressed in human chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia samples. A subset of AML patients, who had poor outcomes, of 16 clusters, displayed high levels of BCL11A in leukemic cells. These findings suggest that deregulated Bcl11a cooperates with Nf1 in leukemogenesis, and a therapeutic strategy targeting the BCL11A pathway may prove beneficial in the treatment of leukemia.
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Perry C, Pick M, Podoly E, Gilboa-Geffen A, Zimmerman G, Sklan EH, Ben-Shaul Y, Diamant S, Soreq H. Acetylcholinesterase/C terminal binding protein interactions modify Ikaros functions, causing T lymphopenia. Leukemia 2007; 21:1472-80. [PMID: 17476278 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hematological changes induced by various stress stimuli are accompanied by replacement of the primary acetylcholinesterase (AChE) 3' splice variant acetylcholinesterase-S (AChE-S) with the myelopoietic acetylcholinesterase-R (AChE-R) variant. To search for putative acetylcholinesterase-S interactions with hematopoietic pathways, we employed a yeast two-hybrid screen. The transcriptional co-repressor C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) was identified as a protein partner of the AChE-S C terminus. In erythroleukemic K562 cells, AChE-S displayed nuclear colocalization and physical interaction with CtBP. Furthermore, co-transfected AChE-S reduced the co-repressive effect of CtBP over the hematopoietic transcription factor, Ikaros. In transgenic mice, overexpressed human (h) AChE-S mRNA induced selective bone marrow upregulation of Ikaros while suppressing FOG, another transcriptional partner of CtBP. Transgenic bone marrow cells showed a correspondingly elevated potential for producing progenitor colonies, compared with controls, while peripheral blood showed increased erythrocyte counts as opposed to reduced platelets, granulocytes and T lymphocytes. AChE's 3' alternative splicing, and the corresponding changes in AChE-S/CtBP interactions, thus emerge as being actively involved in controlling hematopoiesis and the potential for modulating immune functions, supporting reports on malfunctioning immune reactions under impaired splice site selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Perry
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Tang DC, Zhu J, Liu W, Chin K, Sun J, Chen L, Hanover JA, Rodgers GP. The hydroxyurea-induced small GTP-binding protein SAR modulates gamma-globin gene expression in human erythroid cells. Blood 2005; 106:3256-63. [PMID: 15985540 PMCID: PMC1895330 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-10-3458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HU), a drug effective in the treatment of sickle cell disease, is thought to indirectly promote fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) production by perturbing the maturation of erythroid precursors. The molecular mechanisms involved in HU-mediated regulation of gamma-globin expression are currently unclear. We identified an HU-induced small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein, secretion-associated and RAS-related (SAR) protein, in adult erythroid cells using differential display. Stable SAR expression in K562 cells increased gamma-globin mRNA expression and resulted in macrocytosis. The cells appeared immature. SAR-mediated induction of gamma-globin also inhibited K562 cell growth by causing arrest in G1/S, apoptosis, and delay of maturation, cellular changes consistent with the previously known effects of HU on erythroid cells. SAR also enhanced both gamma- and beta-globin transcription in primary bone marrow CD34+ cells, with a greater effect on gamma-globin than on beta-globin. Although up-regulation of GATA-2 and p21 was observed both in SAR-expressing cells and HU-treated K562 cells, phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3) kinase and phosphorylated ERK were inhibited specifically in SAR-expressing cells. These data reveal a novel role of SAR distinct from its previously known protein-trafficking function. We suggest that SAR may participate in both erythroid cell growth and gamma-globin production by regulating PI3 kinase/extracellular protein-related kinase (ERK) and GATA-2/p21-dependent signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia C Tang
- Bldg 10, Rm 9N119, Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch and Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Chen G, Zeng W, Maciejewski JP, Kcyvanfar K, Billings EM, Young NS. Differential gene expression in hematopoietic progenitors from paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria patients reveals an apoptosis/immune response in 'normal' phenotype cells. Leukemia 2005; 19:862-8. [PMID: 15759038 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired stem cell disorder characterized clinically by intravascular hemolysis, venous thrombosis, and bone marrow failure. Despite elucidation of the biochemical and molecular defects in PNH, the pathophysiology of clonal expansion of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein (GPI-AP)-deficient cells remains unexplained. In pursuit of evidence of differences between GPI-AP-normal and -deficient CD34 cells, we determined gene expression profiles of isolated marrow CD34 cells of each phenotype from PNH patients and healthy donors, using DNA microarrays. Pooled and individual patient samples revealed consistent gene expression patterns relative to normal controls. GPI-AP-normal cells from PNH patients showed upregulation of genes involved in apoptosis and the immune response. Conversely, genes associated with antiapoptotic function and hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation were downregulated in these cells. In contrast, the PNH clone of GPI-AP-deficient cells appeared more similar to CD34 cells of healthy individuals. Gene chip data were confirmed by other methods. Similar gene expression patterns were present in PNH that was predominantly hemolytic as in PNH associated with aplastic anemia. Our results implicate an environmental influence on hematopoietic cell proliferation, in which the PNH clone evades immune attack and destruction, while normal cells suffer a stress response followed by programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chen
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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