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Huuki H, Tapio M, Mäntysaari P, Negussie E, Ahvenjärvi S, Vilkki J, Vanhatalo A, Tapio I. Long-term effects of early-life rumen microbiota modulation on dairy cow production performance and methane emissions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:983823. [PMID: 36425044 PMCID: PMC9679419 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.983823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rumen microbiota modulation during the pre-weaning period has been suggested as means to affect animal performance later in life. In this follow-up study, we examined the post-weaning rumen microbiota development differences in monozygotic twin-heifers that were inoculated (T-group) or not inoculated (C-group) (n = 4 each) with fresh adult rumen liquid during their pre-weaning period. We also assessed the treatment effect on production parameters and methane emissions of cows during their 1st lactation period. The rumen microbiota was determined by the 16S rRNA gene, 18S rRNA gene, and ITS1 amplicon sequencing. Animal weight gain and rumen fermentation parameters were monitored from 2 to 12 months of age. The weight gain was not affected by treatment, but butyrate proportion was higher in T-group in month 3 (p = 0.04). Apart from archaea (p = 0.084), the richness of bacteria (p < 0.0001) and ciliate protozoa increased until month 7 (p = 0.004) and anaerobic fungi until month 11 (p = 0.005). The microbiota structure, measured as Bray-Curtis distances, continued to develop until months 3, 6, 7, and 10, in archaea, ciliate protozoa, bacteria, and anaerobic fungi, respectively (for all: p = 0.001). Treatment or age × treatment interaction had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on 18 bacterial, 2 archaeal, and 6 ciliate protozoan taxonomic groups, with differences occurring mostly before month 4 in bacteria, and month 3 in archaea and ciliate protozoa. Treatment stimulated earlier maturation of prokaryote community in T-group before month 4 and earlier maturation of ciliate protozoa at month 2 (Random Forest: 0.75 month for bacteria and 1.5 month for protozoa). No treatment effect on the maturity of anaerobic fungi was observed. The milk production and quality, feed efficiency, and methane emissions were monitored during cow's 1st lactation. The T-group had lower variation in energy-corrected milk yield (p < 0.001), tended to differ in pattern of residual energy intake over time (p = 0.069), and had numerically lower somatic cell count throughout their 1st lactation period (p = 0.081), but no differences between the groups in methane emissions (g/d, g/kg DMI, or g/kg milk) were observed. Our results demonstrated that the orally administered microbial inoculant induced transient changes in early rumen microbiome maturation. In addition, the treatment may influence the later production performance, although the mechanisms that mediate these effects need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Huuki
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Production Systems, Genomics and Breeding, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Miika Tapio
- Production Systems, Genomics and Breeding, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Päivi Mäntysaari
- Production Systems, Animal Nutrition, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Enyew Negussie
- Production Systems, Genomics and Breeding, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Seppo Ahvenjärvi
- Production Systems, Animal Nutrition, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Johanna Vilkki
- Production Systems, Genomics and Breeding, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Aila Vanhatalo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilma Tapio
- Production Systems, Genomics and Breeding, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
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Lohakare JD, Südekum KH, Pattanaik AK. Nutrition-induced Changes of Growth from Birth to First Calving and Its Impact on Mammary Development and First-lactation Milk Yield in Dairy Heifers: A Review. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:1338-50. [PMID: 25049699 PMCID: PMC4092940 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the nutritional effects from birth until age at first calving on growth, mammary developmental changes, and first-lactation milk yield in heifer calves. The advancement in the genetic potential and the nutritional requirements of the animals has hastened the growth rate. Genetic selection for high milk yield has suggested higher growth capacity and hence increasing nutritional inputs are required. Rapid rearing by feeding high energy or high concentrate diets not only reduces the age of sexual maturity but also lowers the time period of attaining the age of first calving. However, high energy diets may cause undesirable fat deposition thereby affecting future milk yield potential. Discrepancies exist whether overfed or overweight heifers at puberty can influence the mammary development and future milk yield potential and performance. The data on post-pubertal nutritional management suggested that body weight at calving and post-pubertal growth rate is important in first lactation milk yield. There is a continuous research need for strategic feeding that accelerates growth of dairy heifers without reduction in subsequent production. Nutritional management from birth, across puberty and during pregnancy is critical for mammary growth and for producing a successful cow. This review will mostly highlight studies carried out on dairy breeds and possible available opportunities to manipulate nutritional status from birth until age at first calving.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Lohakare
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - K-H Südekum
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 15, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - A K Pattanaik
- Centre of Advanced Studies in Animal Nutrition, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
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Svensson C, Hultgren J. Associations Between Housing, Management, and Morbidity During Rearing and Subsequent First-Lactation Milk Production of Dairy Cows in Southwest Sweden. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91:1510-8. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
Thirty-two pregnant Holstein heifers weighing 499 +/- 45 kg, at 3.1 +/- .7 months of gestation and 21 +/- 2.0 months of age were confined and exposed to 30 microT magnetic fields (MFs) and a 12 h light/12 h dark light cycle. The heifers were divided into two replicates of 16 animals. Each replicate was divided into two groups of eight animals each, one group the non-exposed and the second, the exposed group. The animals were subjected to the different treatments for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, the animals switched treatment, the exposed group becoming the non-exposed group and vice versa. Then the treatment continued for 4 more weeks. Catheters were inserted into the jugular vein, and blood samples were collected twice a week to estimate the concentration of progesterone (P4), melatonin (MLT), prolactin (PRL), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Feed consumption was measured daily. The results indicated that exposure of pregnant heifers to MF similar to those encountered underneath a 735 kV high tension electrical power line for 20 h/day during a period of 4 weeks produces slight effects. This is evidenced by statistically significant higher body weight (1.2%), higher weekly body weight gain (30%), and decreases in the concentration of PRL (15%) and IGF-1 (4%) in blood serum. The absence of abnormal clinical signs and the absolute magnitude of the significant changes detected during MF exposure, make it plausible to preclude any major animal health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Burchard
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada.
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Mäntysaari P, Nousiainen J, Huhtanen P. The effect of constant or variable forage to concentrate ratio in total mixed ration on performance of primiparous dairy cows. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-6226(03)00007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mäntysaari P, Ojala M, Mäntysaari EA. Measures of before and after breeding daily gains of dairy replacement heifers and their relationship with first lactation milk production traits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-6226(01)00329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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