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Ronan PJ, Korzan WJ, Johnson PL, Lowry CA, Renner KJ, Summers CH. Prior stress and vasopressin promote corticotropin-releasing factor inhibition of serotonin release in the central nucleus of the amygdala. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1148292. [PMID: 37064300 PMCID: PMC10098171 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1148292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is essential for coordinating endocrine and neural responses to stress, frequently facilitated by vasopressin (AVP). Previous work has linked CRF hypersecretion, binding site changes, and dysfunctional serotonergic transmission with anxiety and affective disorders, including clinical depression. Crucially, CRF can alter serotonergic activity. In the dorsal raphé nucleus and serotonin (5-HT) terminal regions, CRF effects can be stimulatory or inhibitory, depending on the dose, site, and receptor type activated. Prior stress alters CRF neurotransmission and CRF-mediated behaviors. Lateral, medial, and ventral subdivisions of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) produce CRF and coordinate stress responsiveness. The purpose of these experiments was to determine the effect of intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of CRF and AVP on extracellular 5-HT as an index of 5-HT release in the CeA, using in vivo microdialysis in freely moving rats and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. We also examined the effect of prior stress (1 h restraint, 24 h prior) on CRF- and AVP-mediated release of 5-HT within the CeA. Our results show that icv CRF infusion in unstressed animals had no effect on 5-HT release in the CeA. Conversely, in rats with prior stress, CRF caused a profound dose-dependent decrease in 5-HT release within the CeA. This effect was long-lasting (240 min) and was mimicked by CRF plus AVP infusion without stress. Thus, prior stress and AVP functionally alter CRF-mediated neurotransmission and sensitize CRF-induced inhibition of 5-HT release, suggesting that this is a potential mechanism underlying stress-induced affective reactivity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Ronan
- Research Service, Sioux Falls VA Health Care System, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
- Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Research in Psychiatry, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO, United States
- Neuroscience Group, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States
- Kenneth J. Renner,
| | - Wayne J. Korzan
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, The University of West Alabama, Livingston, AL, United States
| | - Philip L. Johnson
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States
| | - Christopher A. Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Renner
- Neuroscience Group, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States
- Patrick J. Ronan,
| | - Cliff H. Summers
- Research Service, Sioux Falls VA Health Care System, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
- Neuroscience Group, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States
- *Correspondence: Cliff H. Summers,
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The Heart as a Target of Vasopressin and Other Cardiovascular Peptides in Health and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214414. [PMID: 36430892 PMCID: PMC9699305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The automatism of cardiac pacemaker cells, which is tuned, is regulated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and multiple endocrine and paracrine factors, including cardiovascular peptides. The cardiovascular peptides (CPs) form a group of essential paracrine factors affecting the function of the heart and vessels. They may also be produced in other organs and penetrate to the heart via systemic circulation. The present review draws attention to the role of vasopressin (AVP) and some other cardiovascular peptides (angiotensins, oxytocin, cytokines) in the regulation of the cardiovascular system in health and cardiovascular diseases, especially in post-infarct heart failure, hypertension and cerebrovascular strokes. Vasopressin is synthesized mostly by the neuroendocrine cells of the hypothalamus. There is also evidence that it may be produced in the heart and lungs. The secretion of AVP and other CPs is markedly influenced by changes in blood volume and pressure, as well as by other disturbances, frequently occurring in cardiovascular diseases (hypoxia, pain, stress, inflammation). Myocardial infarction, hypertension and cardiovascular shock are associated with an increased secretion of AVP and altered responsiveness of the cardiovascular system to its action. The majority of experimental studies show that the administration of vasopressin during ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest improves resuscitation, however, the clinical studies do not present consisting results. Vasopressin cooperates with the autonomic nervous system (ANS), angiotensins, oxytocin and cytokines in the regulation of the cardiovascular system and its interaction with these regulators is altered during heart failure and hypertension. It is likely that the differences in interactions of AVP with ANS and other CPs have a significant impact on the responsiveness of the cardiovascular system to vasopressin in specific cardiovascular disorders.
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Baba K, Kawasaki M, Nishimura H, Suzuki H, Matsuura T, Ikeda N, Fujitani T, Yamanaka Y, Tsukamoto M, Ohnishi H, Yoshimura M, Maruyama T, Sanada K, Sonoda S, Nishimura K, Tanaka K, Onaka T, Ueta Y, Sakai A. Upregulation of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system and activation of vasopressin neurones attenuates hyperalgesia in a neuropathic pain model rat. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13046. [PMID: 35906406 PMCID: PMC9338054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a hypothalamic neurosecretory hormone well known as an antidiuretic, and recently reported to be involved in pain modulation. The expression kinetics of AVP and its potential involvement in the descending pain modulation system (DPMS) in neuropathic pain (NP) remains unclear. We investigated AVP expression and its effects on mechanical and thermal nociceptive thresholds using a unilateral spinal nerve ligation (SNL) model. All rats with SNL developed NP. Intensities of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, median eminence, and posterior pituitary were significantly increased at 7 and 14 days post-SNL in AVP-eGFP rats. In situ hybridisation histochemistry revealed significantly increased AVP mRNA expression at 14 days post-SNL compared with the sham control group. The chemogenetic activation of AVP neurones significantly attenuated mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia with elevated plasma AVP concentration. These analgesic effects were suppressed by pre-administration with V1a receptor antagonist. AVP neurones increased the neuronal activity of serotonergic dorsal raphe, noradrenergic locus coeruleus, and inhibitory interneurones in the spinal dorsal horn. These results suggest that the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of AVP is upregulated in NP and activated endogenous AVP exerts analgesic effects via the V1a receptors. AVP neurones may activate the DPMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Baba
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Kawasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Haruki Nishimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsuura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Naofumi Ikeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Teruaki Fujitani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yamanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Manabu Tsukamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Hideo Ohnishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Maruyama
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kenya Sanada
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Satomi Sonoda
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nishimura
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Onaka
- Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ueta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Akinori Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
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Ettlin DA, Napimoga MH, Meira E Cruz M, Clemente-Napimoga JT. Orofacial musculoskeletal pain: An evidence-based bio-psycho-social matrix model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:12-20. [PMID: 34118294 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pain is a multidimensional experience comprising sensory-discriminative, affective-motivational, and cognitive-evaluative dimensions. Clinical and research findings have demonstrated a complex interplay between social burdens, individual coping strategies, mood states, psychological disorders, sleep disturbances, masticatory muscle tone, and orofacial musculoskeletal pain. Accordingly, current classification systems for orofacial pain require psychosocial assessments to be an integral part of the multidimensional diagnostic process. Here, we review evidence on how psychosocial and biological factors may generate and perpetuate musculoskeletal orofacial pain. Specifically, we discuss studies investigating a putative causal relationship between stress, bruxism, and pain in the masticatory system. We present findings that attribute brain structures various roles in modulating pain perception and pain-related behavior. We also examine studies investigating how the nervous and immune system on cellular and molecular levels may account for orofacial nociceptive signaling. Furthermore, we review evidence pointing towards associations between orofacial musculoskeletal pain and neuroendocrine imbalances, sleep disturbances, and alterations of the circadian timing system. We conclude with several proposals that may help to alleviate orofacial pain in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik A Ettlin
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Orofacial Pain Unit, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
| | - Marcelo Henrique Napimoga
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro De Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Miguel Meira E Cruz
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro De Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Sleep Unit, Cardiovascular Center of University of Lisbon, Lisbon School of Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juliana Trindade Clemente-Napimoga
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto e Centro De Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Sparapani S, Millet-Boureima C, Oliver J, Mu K, Hadavi P, Kalostian T, Ali N, Avelar CM, Bardies M, Barrow B, Benedikt M, Biancardi G, Bindra R, Bui L, Chihab Z, Cossitt A, Costa J, Daigneault T, Dault J, Davidson I, Dias J, Dufour E, El-Khoury S, Farhangdoost N, Forget A, Fox A, Gebrael M, Gentile MC, Geraci O, Gnanapragasam A, Gomah E, Haber E, Hamel C, Iyanker T, Kalantzis C, Kamali S, Kassardjian E, Kontos HK, Le TBU, LoScerbo D, Low YF, Mac Rae D, Maurer F, Mazhar S, Nguyen A, Nguyen-Duong K, Osborne-Laroche C, Park HW, Parolin E, Paul-Cole K, Peer LS, Philippon M, Plaisir CA, Porras Marroquin J, Prasad S, Ramsarun R, Razzaq S, Rhainds S, Robin D, Scartozzi R, Singh D, Fard SS, Soroko M, Soroori Motlagh N, Stern K, Toro L, Toure MW, Tran-Huynh S, Trépanier-Chicoine S, Waddingham C, Weekes AJ, Wisniewski A, Gamberi C. The Biology of Vasopressin. Biomedicines 2021; 9:89. [PMID: 33477721 PMCID: PMC7832310 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vasopressins are evolutionarily conserved peptide hormones. Mammalian vasopressin functions systemically as an antidiuretic and regulator of blood and cardiac flow essential for adapting to terrestrial environments. Moreover, vasopressin acts centrally as a neurohormone involved in social and parental behavior and stress response. Vasopressin synthesis in several cell types, storage in intracellular vesicles, and release in response to physiological stimuli are highly regulated and mediated by three distinct G protein coupled receptors. Other receptors may bind or cross-bind vasopressin. Vasopressin is regulated spatially and temporally through transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, sex, tissue, and cell-specific receptor expression. Anomalies of vasopressin signaling have been observed in polycystic kidney disease, chronic heart failure, and neuropsychiatric conditions. Growing knowledge of the central biological roles of vasopressin has enabled pharmacological advances to treat these conditions by targeting defective systemic or central pathways utilizing specific agonists and antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chiara Gamberi
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada; (S.S.); (C.M.-B.); (J.O.); (K.M.); (P.H.); (T.K.); (N.A.); (C.M.A.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (M.B.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (L.B.); (Z.C.); (A.C.); (J.C.); (T.D.); (J.D.); (I.D.); (J.D.); (E.D.); (S.E.-K.); (N.F.); (A.F.); (A.F.); (M.G.); (M.C.G.); (O.G.); (A.G.); (E.G.); (E.H.); (C.H.); (T.I.); (C.K.); (S.K.); (E.K.); (H.K.K.); (T.B.U.L.); (D.L.); (Y.F.L.); (D.M.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (A.N.); (K.N.-D.); (C.O.-L.); (H.W.P.); (E.P.); (K.P.-C.); (L.S.P.); (M.P.); (C.-A.P.); (J.P.M.); (S.P.); (R.R.); (S.R.); (S.R.); (D.R.); (R.S.); (D.S.); (S.S.F.); (M.S.); (N.S.M.); (K.S.); (L.T.); (M.W.T.); (S.T.-H.); (S.T.-C.); (C.W.); (A.J.W.); (A.W.)
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Szczepanska-Sadowska E, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Sadowski B. Differential role of specific cardiovascular neuropeptides in pain regulation: Relevance to cardiovascular diseases. Neuropeptides 2020; 81:102046. [PMID: 32284215 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In many instances, the perception of pain is disproportionate to the strength of the algesic stimulus. Excessive or inadequate pain sensation is frequently observed in cardiovascular diseases, especially in coronary ischemia. The mechanisms responsible for individual differences in the perception of cardiovascular pain are not well recognized. Cardiovascular disorders may provoke pain in multiple ways engaging molecules released locally in the heart due to tissue ischemia, inflammation or cellular stress, and through neurogenic and endocrine mechanisms brought into action by hemodynamic disturbances. Cardiovascular neuropeptides, namely angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], vasopressin, oxytocin, and orexins belong to this group. Although participation of these peptides in the regulation of circulation and pain has been firmly established, their mutual interaction in the regulation of pain in cardiovascular diseases has not been profoundly analyzed. In the present review we discuss the regulation of the release, and mechanisms of the central and systemic actions of these peptides on the cardiovascular system in the context of their central and peripheral nociceptive (Ang II) and antinociceptive [Ang-(1-7), vasopressin, oxytocin, orexins] properties. We also consider the possibility that they may play a significant role in the modulation of pain in cardiovascular diseases. The rationale for focusing attention on these very compounds was based on the following premises (1) cardiovascular disturbances influence the release of these peptides (2) they regulate vascular tone and cardiac function and can influence the intensity of ischemia - the factor initiating pain signals in the cardiovascular system, (3) they differentially modulate nociception through peripheral and central mechanisms, and their effect strongly depends on specific receptors and site of action. Accordingly, an altered release of these peptides and/or pharmacological blockade of their receptors may have a significant but different impact on individual sensation of pain and comfort of an individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szczepanska-Sadowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogdan Sadowski
- School of Engineering and Health, Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 r. 18, Warsaw, Poland
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Neugebauer V, Mazzitelli M, Cragg B, Ji G, Navratilova E, Porreca F. Amygdala, neuropeptides, and chronic pain-related affective behaviors. Neuropharmacology 2020; 170:108052. [PMID: 32188569 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides play important modulatory roles throughout the nervous system, functioning as direct effectors or as interacting partners with other neuropeptide and neurotransmitter systems. Limbic brain areas involved in learning, memory and emotions are particularly rich in neuropeptides. This review will focus on the amygdala, a limbic region that plays a key role in emotional-affective behaviors and pain modulation. The amygdala is comprised of different nuclei; the basolateral (BLA) and central (CeA) nuclei and in between, the intercalated cells (ITC), have been linked to pain-related functions. A wide range of neuropeptides are found in the amygdala, particularly in the CeA, but this review will discuss those neuropeptides that have been explored for their role in pain modulation. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a key peptide in the afferent nociceptive pathway from the parabrachial area and mediates excitatory drive of CeA neurons. CeA neurons containing corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and/or somatostatin (SOM) are a source of long-range projections and serve major output functions, but CRF also acts locally to excite neurons in the CeA and BLA. Neuropeptide S (NPS) is associated with inhibitory ITC neurons that gate amygdala output. Oxytocin and vasopressin exert opposite (inhibitory and excitatory, respectively) effects on amygdala output. The opioid system of mu, delta and kappa receptors (MOR, DOR, KOR) and their peptide ligands (β-endorphin, enkephalin, dynorphin) have complex and partially opposing effects on amygdala function. Neuropeptides therefore serve as valuable targets to regulate amygdala function in pain conditions. This article is part of the special issue on Neuropeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Neugebauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Mariacristina Mazzitelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Bryce Cragg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Guangchen Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Edita Navratilova
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Frank Porreca
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Touj S, Tokunaga R, Al Aïn S, Bronchti G, Piché M. Pain Hypersensitivity is Associated with Increased Amygdala Volume and c-Fos Immunoreactivity in Anophthalmic Mice. Neuroscience 2019; 418:37-49. [PMID: 31472214 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that early blindness results in brain plasticity and behavioral changes in both humans and animals. However, only a few studies have examined the effects of blindness on pain perception. In these studies, pain hypersensitivity was reported in early, but not late, blind humans. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear, but considering its key role in pain perception and modulation, the amygdala may contribute to this pain hypersensitivity. The first aim of this study was to develop an animal model of early blindness to examine the effects of blindness on pain perception. A mouse cross was therefore developed (ZRDBA mice), in which half of the animals are born sighted and half are born anophthalmic, allowing comparisons between blind and sighted mice with the same genetic background. The second aim of the present study was to examine mechanical and thermal pain thresholds as well as pain behaviors and pain-related c-Fos immunoreactivity induced by the formalin test in the amygdalas of blind and sighted mice. Group differences in amygdala volume were also assessed histologically. Blind mice exhibited lower mechanical and thermal pain thresholds and more pain behaviors during the acute phase of the formalin test, compared with sighted mice. Moreover, pain hypersensitivity during the formalin test was associated with increased c-Fos immunoreactivity in the amygdala. Furthermore, amygdala volume was larger bilaterally in blind compared with sighted mice. These results indicate that congenitally blind mice show pain hypersensitivity like early blind individuals and suggest that this is due in part to plasticity in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Touj
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7; CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7
| | - Ryota Tokunaga
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7; CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7
| | - Syrina Al Aïn
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7; CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7
| | - Gilles Bronchti
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7; CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7
| | - Mathieu Piché
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7; CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, G9A 5H7.
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Tsutsumi Y, Tachibana Y, Sato F, Furuta T, Ohara H, Tomita A, Fujita M, Moritani M, Yoshida A. Cortical and Subcortical Projections from Granular Insular Cortex Receiving Orofacial Proprioception. Neuroscience 2018; 388:317-329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Differential activation of arginine-vasopressin receptor subtypes in the amygdaloid modulation of anxiety in the rat by arginine-vasopressin. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:1015-1027. [PMID: 29306965 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The amygdala plays a paramount role in the modulation of anxiety and numerous studies have shown that arginine vasopressin (AVP) elicits anxiogenic effects following either its systemic or septal administration. OBJECTIVES The aim of this paper was to study the involvement of vasopressinergic neurotransmission in the amygdaloid modulation of unconditioned anxiety and to ascertain whether or not AVP receptor subtypes may have a differential role in this modulation. METHODS Anxiety behavior was evaluated both in Shock-Probe Burying Test and Light-Dark Box following the bilateral microinfusion of AVP alone or AVP together with either AVP 1a or AVP 1b receptor antagonists into the central amygdala (CeA). RESULTS AVP microinfusion elicited at low (1 ng/side) but not at high doses (10 ng/side) anxiogenic-like responses in the Shock-Probe Burying Test but not in the Light-Dark Box. SSR149415, an AVP 1b antagonist unlike Manning compound, an AVP 1a antagonist, fully prevented AVP effects in the Shock-Probe Burying Test when it was administered simultaneously with AVP. In addition, oxytocin receptor blockade also failed to affect AVP effects. No effects of any AVP antagonist by itself were observed in both anxiety paradigms. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that AVP 1b receptor contribute to the amygdaloid modulation of anxiety at least in the context of the Shock-Probe Burying Test since no effects were noticed in the Light-Dark Box. It remains to the future to ascertain whether AVP receptor subtypes have indeed differential actions either in the modulation of global or specific features of unconditioned anxiety.
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11
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Mavani GP, DeVita MV, Michelis MF. A review of the nonpressor and nonantidiuretic actions of the hormone vasopressin. Front Med (Lausanne) 2015; 2:19. [PMID: 25853137 PMCID: PMC4371647 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The pressor and antidiuretic actions of arginine vasopressin (AVP) have been well documented. This review focuses on the less widely appreciated actions of AVP which also have important physiologic functions and when better understood may provide important insights into common disease states. These actions include effects on pain perception and bone structure as well as important relationships to the varied components of metabolic syndrome. These include effects on blood glucose, lipid levels, and blood pressure. AVP may also play a role in the progression of chronic kidney disease and effect physiologic changes relating to aging, abnormal social behavior, and cognitive function. Important cellular responses including cell proliferation, inflammation, and control of infection and their relationship to AVP are described. Finally, the effects of AVP on hemostasis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are noted. The goal of this summary of the various actions of AVP is to direct attention to the potential benefits of research in these underemphasized areas of importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurang P Mavani
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital , New York, NY , USA
| | - Maria V DeVita
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital , New York, NY , USA
| | - Michael F Michelis
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital , New York, NY , USA
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12
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Veinante P, Yalcin I, Barrot M. The amygdala between sensation and affect: a role in pain. J Mol Psychiatry 2013; 1:9. [PMID: 25408902 PMCID: PMC4223879 DOI: 10.1186/2049-9256-1-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The amygdala is a structure of the temporal lobe thought to be involved in assigning emotional significance to environmental information and triggering adapted physiological, behavioral and affective responses. A large body of literature in animals and human implicates the amygdala in fear. Pain having a strong affective and emotional dimension, the amygdala, especially its central nucleus (CeA), has also emerged in the last twenty years as key element of the pain matrix. The CeA receives multiple nociceptive information from the brainstem, as well as highly processed polymodal information from the thalamus and the cerebral cortex. It also possesses the connections that allow influencing most of the descending pain control systems as well as higher centers involved in emotional, affective and cognitive functions. Preclinical studies indicate that the integration of nociceptive inputs in the CeA only marginally contributes to sensory-discriminative components of pain, but rather contributes to associated behavior and affective responses. The CeA doesn’t have a major influence on responses to acute nociception in basal condition, but it induces hypoalgesia during aversive situation, such as stress or fear. On the contrary, during persistent pain states (inflammatory, visceral, neuropathic), a long-lasting functional plasticity of CeA activity contributes to an enhancement of the pain experience, including hyperalgesia, aversive behavioral reactions and affective anxiety-like states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Veinante
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR3212, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 21 Rue René Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France ; Université de Strasbourg, 21 Rue René Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Ipek Yalcin
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR3212, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 21 Rue René Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France ; Université de Strasbourg, 21 Rue René Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Michel Barrot
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR3212, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 21 Rue René Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France ; Université de Strasbourg, 21 Rue René Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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13
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Exaggerated response of a vasopressin-enhanced green fluorescent protein transgene to nociceptive stimulation in the rat. J Neurosci 2009; 29:13182-9. [PMID: 19846706 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2624-09.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nociceptive stimulation elicits neuroendocrine responses such as arginine vasopressin (AVP) release as well as activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. We have generated novel transgenic rats expressing an AVP-enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) fusion gene, and we examined the effects of nociceptive stimulation on transgene expression in the hypothalamus after subcutaneous injection of saline or formalin into the bilateral hindpaws in these rats. We have assessed (1) AVP levels in plasma and the changes of eGFP mRNA and AVP heteronuclear RNA (hnRNA) in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) using in situ hybridization histochemistry, (2) gene expression changes in distinct magnocellular and parvocellular divisions of the PVN, (3) eGFP fluorescence in the SON, the PVN, the median eminence (ME), and the posterior pituitary gland (PP). Plasma AVP levels were significantly increased 15 min after formalin injection. In the same time period, the AVP hnRNA levels in the PVN were increased, especially in the parvocellular division of the PVN in formalin-injected rats. In the same region, eGFP mRNA levels after formalin injection were also significantly increased to a much greater extent than those of AVP hnRNA. The eGFP fluorescence in the SON, the PVN, the ME, and the PP was markedly increased in formalin-injected rats and especially increased in the parvocellular divisions of the PVN. Together, our results demonstrate robust and rapid changes in the expression of the AVP-eGFP transgene in the rat hypothalamus after acute nociceptive stimulation.
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14
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Koshimizu TA, Tsujimoto G. New Topics in Vasopressin Receptors and Approach to Novel Drugs: Vasopressin and Pain Perception. J Pharmacol Sci 2009; 109:33-7. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.08r18fm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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15
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Zarrindast MR, Moghadam AH, Rostami P, Roohbakhsh A. The effects of histaminergic agents in the central amygdala of rats in the elevated plus-maze test of anxiety. Behav Pharmacol 2005; 16:643-9. [PMID: 16286816 DOI: 10.1097/00008877-200512000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reports indicate that histamine and histaminergic agents can change anxiety-related behaviours in both animals and humans. The amygdala is an important brain site in the modulation of fear or anxiety. In the present study, we investigated the effects of intracentral amygdala microinjection of histaminergic agents on anxiety-related behaviours in rats, using the elevated plus-maze test of anxiety. Intracentral amygdala administration of histamine (0.01-0.5 microg/0.5 microl bilateral) decreased %open armtime and % open arm entries, but not locomotor activity, showing an anxiogenic response. Intracentral amygdala microinjection of pyrilamine (H1 receptor antagonist) and ranitidine (H2 receptor antagonist) (both at 1-20 microg/0.5 microl bilateral) did not change anxiety-related parameters in our experiments. In another series of experiments, histamine (0.5 microg/0.5 microl bilateral) was coadministrated with pyrilamine and ranitidine (both at 1-20 mg/0.5 microl bilateral). The results showed that pyrilamine but not ranitidine could significantly reverse the anxiogenic effect of histamine at doses of 10 and 20 microg/0.5 microl bilateral. The results suggest that histamine may modulate anxiety via H1 but not H2 receptors in the rat central amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Zubrzycka M, Janecka A. Effects of centrally administered vasopressin on orofacial pain perception in rats. Brain Res 2005; 1051:112-6. [PMID: 15993385 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2004] [Revised: 05/25/2005] [Accepted: 05/27/2005] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vasopressin (AVP) appears in the cerebrospinal fluid and plays an important role in nociceptive modulation in the central nervous system. The effect of increased concentration of AVP in the cerebrospinal fluid on the excitability of the hypoglossal nerve nucleus was investigated. The experiments were carried out on rats under chloralose anesthesia. Amplitudes of the retractory evoked tongue jerks (ETJ) of the outstretched tongue during the perfusion of cerebral ventricles with solutions containing AVP or its antagonists and also opioid and serotonin antagonists were recorded. Perfusion of the ventricles with AVP in 100 microM concentration suppressed the ETJ amplitude to 66 +/- 3.83%, and in 200 microM concentration, to 53 +/- 3.18% of the control. V1 vasopressin receptor antagonist, d(CH2)5,Tyr(Me)AVP, blocked the suppressive effect caused by cerebral ventricle perfusion with AVP from 64 +/- 4.11% to 83 +/- 1.58%, whereas V2 vasopressin receptor antagonist, d(CH2)5[Ile2, Ile4]AVP, did not block the antinociceptive effect of AVP. Analgesic effect of AVP was also inhibited by opioid and serotonin receptor antagonists, naloxone and methysergide, respectively. Naloxone blocked the suppressive effect of 100 microM AVP from 64 +/- 5.63% to 92 +/- 3.70% and methysergide from 65 +/- 3.62% to 80 +/- 2.72% of the control. The results indicate that exogenous AVP plays an antinociceptive role in the brain of rats penetrating the lining of the cerebral ventricles into the cerebrospinal fluid and exerting a modulating effect on the tongue motor center situated near III and IV cerebral ventricle. V1 vasopressin receptor, but not V2 vasopressin receptor, is involved in this activity in the CNS. The antinociception of AVP seems to be mediated by opioid and serotonergic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zubrzycka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, Poland.
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17
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Zubrzycka M, Fichna J, Janecka A. Inhibition of trigemino-hypoglossal reflex in rats by oxytocin is mediated by μ and κ opioid receptors. Brain Res 2005; 1035:67-72. [PMID: 15713278 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies showed that oxytocin plays an important role in the modulation of pain at different levels of the central nervous system. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of oxytocin on trigemino-hypoglossal reflex in rats. With the experimental settings used in this study, we have demonstrated that oxytocin showed significant analgesic effect after intracerebroventricular administration in rats, as assayed by the amplitude of the retractory movements of the tongue after tooth pulp stimulation. Antinociceptive effect of oxytocin was inhibited by subsequent perfusion of cerebral ventricles with oxytocin antagonist, [deamino-Cys1-D-Tyr(OEt)2-Thr4-Orn8]-oxytocin, atosiban. An involvement of opioid system in the oxytocin-induced analgesia was studied after intracerebroventricular administration of different opioid antagonists: non-selective naloxone, mu-selective beta-funaltrexamine, delta-selective naltrindole, and kappa-selective nor-binaltorphimine. It was shown that inhibition of antinociceptive effects was mediated through mu and kappa opioid receptors, indicating that there is a synergy between oxytocin and opioid systems in transmitting and modulating pain stimuli. Co-administration of oxytocin and a mu-selective endogenous opioid ligand endomorphin-2 did not significantly increase the antinociceptive activity of endomorphin-2.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Interactions
- Electric Stimulation
- Hormone Antagonists/pharmacology
- Male
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Neural Inhibition/drug effects
- Neural Networks, Computer
- Oligopeptides/pharmacology
- Oxytocin/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Long-Evans
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
- Reflex/drug effects
- Tongue/drug effects
- Tongue/innervation
- Tongue/physiology
- Trigeminal Nerve/drug effects
- Trigeminal Nerve/physiology
- Vasotocin/analogs & derivatives
- Vasotocin/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zubrzycka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz 92-215 Lodz, ul. Mazowiecka 6/8 Poland
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18
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Choi HS, Ju JS, Lee HJ, Jung CY, Kim BC, Park JS, Ahn DK. Effects of TNF-alpha injected intracisternally on the nociceptive jaw-opening reflex and orofacial formalin test in freely moving rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2003; 27:613-8. [PMID: 12787847 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-5846(03)00049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of central cytokines on the modulation of nociception in the orofacial area. A nociceptive jaw-opening reflex (JOR) and an orofacial formalin test were monitored after intracisternal administration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in freely moving rats. Experiments were carried out on 83 male rats weighing 300-350 g and surgical procedures were performed under pentobarbital sodium. After intracisternal injection of Tnf-alpha, digastric electromyogram (dEMG) and noxious behavioral responses were monitored. In the nociceptive JOR, dEMG was not significantly changed after intracisternal injection of 200 pg and 2 ng Tnf-alpha. However, 20 ng Tnf-alpha suppressed dEMG to 72+/-6% of the control values. The orofacial formalin responses showed two distinct phases separated by a time of relative inactivity with an early short-lasting response (0-9 min, first phase) and a continuous prolonged response (10-45 min, second phase). In the inflammatory orofacial formalin test, intracisternal injection of 20 pg Tnf-alpha did not change the number of noxious behavioral responses produced by formalin injection. However, 200 pg Tnf-alpha injected intracisternally significantly increased the number of noxious behavioral responses produced by formalin injection in both the early and late phases, and 2 ng Tnf-alpha increased formalin induced noxious behavioral responses in only the late phase. A higher dose of 20 ng Tnf-alpha did not change the number of noxious behavioral responses produced by formalin injection. The hyperalgesic action of Tnf-alpha injected intracisternally was blocked by pretreatment with the interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist. These results suggest that central Tnf-alpha modulates the transmission of nociceptive information in the orofacial area. However, the hypo/hyperalgesic response of central Tnf-alpha seems to depend on the orofacial pain model or in a dose-related manner. The hyperalgesic response of central Tnf-alpha seems to be mediated by the IL-1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Sun Choi
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 101 Dong-In 2-ga, Chung-gu, Daegu (700-422), South Korea.
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19
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Choi HS, Ju JS, Lee HJ, Kim BC, Park JS, Ahn DK. Effects of intracisternal injection of interleukin-6 on nociceptive jaw opening reflex and orofacial formalin test in freely moving rats. Brain Res Bull 2003; 59:365-70. [PMID: 12507687 DOI: 10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00931-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of central cytokines on the modulation of nociception in the orofacial area. To achieve this purpose, a nociceptive jaw opening reflex and an orofacial formalin test were monitored before and after intracisternal administration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in freely moving rats. In the nociceptive jaw opening reflex, the digastric electromyogram (dEMG) was not significantly changed after intracisternal injection of 200 pg and 2 ng IL-6. However, 20 ng IL-6 suppressed dEMG to 74+/-7% of the control values. In the inflammatory orofacial formalin test, intracisternal injection of 200 pg and 2 ng IL-6 did not change the number of noxious behavioral responses produced by formalin injection. However, 20 ng IL-6 injected intracisternally significantly increased the number of noxious behavioral responses produced by formalin. The hyperalgesic action of intracisternal IL-6 in the orofacial formalin test was blocked by pretreatment with interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist. These results suggest that IL-6 injected intracisternally modulates the transmission of nociceptive information in the orofacial area. However, the hypo/hyper-algesic response of central cytokines seems to depend on the orofacial pain model. The hyperalgesic response of central IL-6 seems to be mediated by the IL-1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Soon Choi
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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20
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Abstract
This paper is the twenty-fourth installment of the annual review of research concerning the opiate system. It summarizes papers published during 2001 that studied the behavioral effects of the opiate peptides and antagonists. The particular topics covered this year include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology(Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
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21
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Arreto CD, Robert C, Limoge A, Gaudy JF. Use of the jaw opening reflex for assessing the effects of local anaesthetics in freely moving rats. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2002; 48:45-51. [PMID: 12750041 DOI: 10.1016/s1056-8719(03)00020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In order to characterize a nonbehavioral model for assessing local anaesthetic (LA) activity, the effects of different LA agents (articaine, bupivacaine, procaine, and tetracaine) were measured in the conscious rat using the jaw-opening reflex (JOR). METHODS One hundred sixty rats were chronically implanted with stimulating electrodes in the dental pulp of the low incisor. While animals were conscious and unrestrained, the JOR threshold was measured electrophysiologically via electrodes wrapped around the digastric muscle. Each LA was administered in the infratemporal area. The increase of the JOR threshold was assessed during a 3-h period following injection. RESULTS Statistical analysis of the data showed a dose-dependent response to the four drugs tested. When the highest dose of each drug (articaine and procaine: 24 mg kg(-1), bupivacaine: 6 mg kg(-1), tetracaine: 3 mg kg(-1)) was administered (i) an immediate effect was observed for tetracaine and bupivacaine, whereas a 5-min delay was needed for articaine and procaine to act on the JOR threshold and (ii) an increase (>60%) of the JOR threshold was observed. The effects lasted 90 min for articaine, 45 min for procaine and bupivacaine, and 15 min for tetracaine before a return to baseline values. DISCUSSION The rat JOR response combined with infratemporal injection of test drugs can be used for the pharmacological evaluation of LAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-D Arreto
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie fonctionnelle de l'appareil manducateur, Université René Descartes-Paris 5, 1, rue Maurice Arnoux, 92 120, Montrouge, France.
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22
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Abstract
Upon receipt in the dorsal horn (DH) of the spinal cord, nociceptive (pain-signalling) information from the viscera, skin and other organs is subject to extensive processing by a diversity of mechanisms, certain of which enhance, and certain of which inhibit, its transfer to higher centres. In this regard, a network of descending pathways projecting from cerebral structures to the DH plays a complex and crucial role. Specific centrifugal pathways either suppress (descending inhibition) or potentiate (descending facilitation) passage of nociceptive messages to the brain. Engagement of descending inhibition by the opioid analgesic, morphine, fulfils an important role in its pain-relieving properties, while induction of analgesia by the adrenergic agonist, clonidine, reflects actions at alpha(2)-adrenoceptors (alpha(2)-ARs) in the DH normally recruited by descending pathways. However, opioids and adrenergic agents exploit but a tiny fraction of the vast panoply of mechanisms now known to be involved in the induction and/or expression of descending controls. For example, no drug interfering with descending facilitation is currently available for clinical use. The present review focuses on: (1) the organisation of descending pathways and their pathophysiological significance; (2) the role of individual transmitters and specific receptor types in the modulation and expression of mechanisms of descending inhibition and facilitation and (3) the advantages and limitations of established and innovative analgesic strategies which act by manipulation of descending controls. Knowledge of descending pathways has increased exponentially in recent years, so this is an opportune moment to survey their operation and therapeutic relevance to the improved management of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Millan
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy/Seine, Paris, France.
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23
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Schmidt BL, Tambeli CH, Levine JD, Gear RW. mu/delta Cooperativity and opposing kappa-opioid effects in nucleus accumbens-mediated antinociception in the rat. Eur J Neurosci 2002; 15:861-8. [PMID: 11906528 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01915.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that noxious peripheral stimulation (e.g. subdermal capsaicin injection in the hind paw) produces antinociception that is mediated by opioid receptors in nucleus accumbens. The current study used the trigeminal jaw-opening nociceptive reflex responses in the rat to assess the role of intra-accumbens mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors in the antinociceptive effect of noxious stimulation and intra-accumbens opioid agonism. Whilst intra-accumbens injection of either the mu-receptor-selective antagonist Cys2,Tyr3,Orn5,Pen7amide (CTOP) or the delta-receptor-selective antagonist naltrindole blocked capsaicin-induced antinociception, neither the selective mu-agonist [D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO; 150 or 300 ng) nor the selective delta-agonist D-Pen2,5-enkephalin (DPDPE; 150 or 300 ng) alone induced antinociception. Simultaneous injection of DAMGO and DPDPE (150 ng each), however, produced significant antinociception. Capsaicin-induced antinociception was not blocked by the selective kappa-receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine, but was blocked by the kappa-agonist U69,593. U69,593 also antagonized the antinociceptive effect of the DAMGO/DPDPE combination. Thus, in nucleus accumbens, mu- and delta- but not kappa-opioid receptors contributed to capsaicin-induced antinociception; selective activation of individual receptor subtypes was insufficient, but coactivation of mu- and delta-opioid receptors induced antinociception, and kappa-receptors appeared to play an antianalgesic role in nucleus accumbens.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Benzeneacetamides
- Capsaicin/pharmacology
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacology
- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-/pharmacology
- Male
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Nociceptors/drug effects
- Nociceptors/metabolism
- Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects
- Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism
- Pain/drug therapy
- Pain/metabolism
- Pain/physiopathology
- Pyrrolidines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Reflex/drug effects
- Reflex/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Schmidt
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0440, USA
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