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Cui D, Wang L, Wang L, He J, Li Y, Zhang Z, Wang S. Efficacy of an herbal formula Guixiong Yimu San in preventing retained placenta and improving reproductive performance in cows. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12673. [PMID: 38830990 PMCID: PMC11148155 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63521-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Retained placenta is a common health issue, and appropriate prevention strategies are effective in postpartum health management. This study aimed to evaluate whether early intervention using GYS can prevent retained placenta and puerperal metritis, as well as enhance reproductive outcomes in cows. Each bovine in the GYS group (n = 591) received a single prophylactic dose of GYS (0.5 g/kg body weight) orally within 2 h after parturition, while those in the control group (n = 598) received no intervention. GYS treatment was associated with a decreased incidence of retained placenta (4.6% vs. 12.0%, P < 0.01, OR = 0.335), a lower puerperal metritis risk (8.8% vs. 20.1%, P < 0.01, OR = 0.369), and a reduced need for additional therapeutic antibiotics (11.2% vs. 26.1%, P < 0.01, OR = 0.342). We observed increases in the first service conception rate (59.7% vs. 49.1%, P < 0.01) and conception rate within 305 days postpartum (93.2% vs. 85.5%, P < 0.01) in the GYS group than in the control group. A significant decrease was observed in the number of services per conception (1.8 ± 1.1 vs. 2.1 ± 1.4, P < 0.01) and the calving-to-conception interval (83.6 ± 39.6 vs. 96.6 ± 52.5 days, P < 0.01) between the two groups. Additionally, GYS treatment increased milk yield on days 7, 14, and 28 postpartum without affecting milk fat, milk protein, somatic cell count (SCC), or milk urea nitrogen (MUN) on days 7 and 28 postpartum. Accordingly, the GYS was effective and safe in preventing retained placenta and to improve reproductive performance in cows. Therefore, it could be a prophylactic intervention for superior postpartum fertility in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongan Cui
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 335, Jiangouyan Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 335, Jiangouyan Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 335, Jiangouyan Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Jiongjie He
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 335, Jiangouyan Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Yuqiong Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhounian Zhang
- Livestock Station of Jiuduntan Ecological Construction Command in Liangzhou District, Wuwei, China
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No. 335, Jiangouyan Street, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China.
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Hanzen C, Rahab H. Propaedeutic and Therapeutic Practices Used for Retained Fetal Membranes by Rural European Veterinary Practitioners. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1042. [PMID: 38612281 PMCID: PMC11011094 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to monitor the practices of European veterinarians for the diagnosis and treatment of retained fetal membranes in cattle. A questionnaire was established and distributed to veterinarians from five European countries. A total of 700 veterinarians participated in the survey. A vaginal examination, general examination and uterine palpation are carried out by 71%, 38% and 23% of veterinarians, respectively. Moreover, half of the veterinarians attempt to remove the placenta manually, 70% of them administer a combined local and general treatment if the cow has a fever (more than 39.5 °C), and 50% of them only administer IU treatment if no fever is observed. Tetracyclins, cefapirin and penicillins are the most used intrauterine (IU) antibiotics, whereas penicillin is the most used parenteral one. All other European veterinarians were less likely to use cefapirin and more likely to use oxytocin, Ca perfusion and NSAID than French and Walloon veterinarians. In conclusion, our study confirms the necessity of improving and rationalizing the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of the RFM, mainly to reduce the important problem of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hanzen
- Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health Department, Veterinary Faculty, University of Liège, B43, B 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Hamza Rahab
- Animal Health Team, Biotechnologies and Health Division, Biotechnology Research Center (CRBt), Constantine 25000, Algeria;
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Martínez-Burnes J, Muns R, Barrios-García H, Villanueva-García D, Domínguez-Oliva A, Mota-Rojas D. Parturition in Mammals: Animal Models, Pain and Distress. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2960. [PMID: 34679979 PMCID: PMC8532935 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parturition is a complex physiological process and involves many hormonal, morphological, physiological, and behavioural changes. Labour is a crucial moment for numerous species and is usually the most painful experience in females. Contrary to the extensive research in humans, there are limited pain studies associated with the birth process in domestic animals. Nonetheless, awareness of parturition has increased among the public, owners, and the scientific community during recent years. Dystocia is a significant factor that increases the level of parturition pain. It is considered less common in polytocous species because newborns' number and small size might lead to the belief that the parturition process is less painful than in monotocous animal species and humans. This review aims to provide elements of the current knowledge about human labour pain (monotocous species), the relevant contribution of the rat model to human labour pain, and the current clinical and experimental knowledge of parturition pain mechanisms in domestic animals that support the fact that domestic polytocous species also experience pain. Moreover, both for women and domestic animal species, parturition's pain represents a potential welfare concern, and information on pain indicators and the appropriate analgesic therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Martínez-Burnes
- Animal Health Group, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria City 87000, Tamaulipas, Mexico;
| | - Ramon Muns
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Hillsborough, Co Down BT26 6DR, Northern Ireland, UK;
| | - Hugo Barrios-García
- Animal Health Group, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria City 87000, Tamaulipas, Mexico;
| | - Dina Villanueva-García
- Division of Neonatology, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Adriana Domínguez-Oliva
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Mota-Rojas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
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Magata F, Sone A, Watanabe Y, Deguchi Y, Aoki T, Haneda S, Ishii M. Prevention of retained fetal membranes and improvement in subsequent fertility with oxytocin administration in cows with assisted calving. Theriogenology 2021; 176:200-205. [PMID: 34627050 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In dairy cows, the efficacy of oxytocin treatment for preventing retained fetal membranes (RFM) is controversial. The physiological condition of cows associated with the calving process may affect the action of oxytocin. This study aimed to elucidate the difference in the efficacy of exogenous oxytocin treatment immediately after calving among cows that received various obstetric interventions. The calving ease was recorded using a score of 1-5, and assisted birth was defined as a score of 2 or more. Cows that required calving assistance (assisted, n = 28) due to delayed calving progression had a prolonged time from calving to expulsion of the fetal membrane (P < 0.01), and impaired reproductive performance compared to cows that did not receive calving assistance (unassisted, n = 78). The effect of oxytocin treatment was determined using cows that did not expel their fetal membrane within 3 h after calving. Cows were randomly divided into the control (unassisted, n = 41; assisted, n = 22) or oxytocin group (unassisted, n = 33; assisted, n = 10). Oxytocin (50 IU) was administered intramuscularly to the cows in the oxytocin group between 3 and 6 h after calving, while no treatment was administered in the control group. In cows with assisted birth, oxytocin administration accelerated placental expulsion (P < 0.05) and improved several reproductive parameters, such as the number of services until conception (P < 0.05) and the calving to conception intervals (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. On the other hand, oxytocin administration slightly accelerated placental expulsion (P < 0.05), but failed to improve fertility in cows with unassisted birth. The results indicate that the action of oxytocin varies depending on the calving situation of the cows. Oxytocin administration during the early postpartum period could prevent RFM and improve the decline in reproductive performance associated with calving assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Magata
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - A Sone
- Ishii Veterinary Support Services Inc., Shintoku-cho, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- Department of Livestock Medicine, Japan Agricultural Cooperatives-Shihoro, Shihoro-cho, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Deguchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Aoki
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Haneda
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Ishii
- Ishii Veterinary Support Services Inc., Shintoku-cho, Hokkaido, Japan
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Hiew MWH, Baird AN, Constable PD. Clinical signs and outcomes of beef cattle undergoing cesarean section because of dystocia. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2018; 252:864-872. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.252.7.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ghoneim I, Abdelghany A, Waheed M, Elmoslemany A, Alhaider A, Al-Eknah M. Effect of oxytocin and PGF2α on chlortetracycline absorption from the uterus of early postpartum camels (Camelus dromedarius). Theriogenology 2015; 84:645-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zobel R, Taponen J. Denaverine hydrochloride and carbetocin increased welfare during and after parturition and enhanced subsequent fertility in cattle. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:3570-7. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Effects of exogenous oxytocin on uterine blood flow in puerperal dairy cows: The impact of days after parturition and retained fetal membranes. Vet J 2013; 196:76-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Palomares R, Gutiérrez J, Portillo G, Boscan J, Montero M, López Y, Maxwell H, Carson R, Soto E. Oxytocin treatment immediately after calving does not reduce the incidence of retained fetal membranes or improve reproductive performance in crossbred Zebu cows. Theriogenology 2010; 74:1414-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Revised: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Barrett AJ, Murray RD, Christley RM, Dobson H, Smith RF. Effects of the administration of oxytocin or carbetocin to dairy cows at parturition on their subsequent fertility. Vet Rec 2009; 165:623-6. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.165.21.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Barrett
- Kingsway Veterinary Group; 73 Otley Road Skipton North Yorkshire BD23 1HJ
| | - R. D. Murray
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; University of Liverpool, Leahurst; Neston Cheshire CH64 7TE
| | - R. M. Christley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; University of Liverpool, Leahurst; Neston Cheshire CH64 7TE
| | - H. Dobson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; University of Liverpool, Leahurst; Neston Cheshire CH64 7TE
| | - R. F. Smith
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; University of Liverpool, Leahurst; Neston Cheshire CH64 7TE
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LeBlanc SJ. Postpartum uterine disease and dairy herd reproductive performance: A review. Vet J 2008; 176:102-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant S Frazer
- College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, A100 Sisson Hall, 1920 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Mejía ME, Lacau-Mengido IM. Endometritis treatment with a PGF2α analog does not improve reproductive performance in a large dairy herd in Argentina. Theriogenology 2005; 63:1266-76. [PMID: 15725435 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2003] [Accepted: 05/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In Argentina, most dairy cows with endometritis are treated with prostaglandin (PGF(2alpha) or its analogs) and insemination is withheld until there are no signs of endometritis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate if this method of managing endometritis enhances reproductive performance. Three experiments were conducted over 4 years in a large farm in the west of Buenos Aires province. In Experiment 1, half of the cows diagnosed with endometritis (>1.5-fold difference in diameter of uterine horns, as determined by rectal palpation) received standard endometritis management (treatment with tiaprost, a PGF(2alpha) analog, rectal palpation every 20 days, and withholding of AI until endometritis apparently resolved) and the other half was untreated, with AI at the first estrus after the voluntary waiting period. Untreated cows were inseminated and conceived 20 days earlier than treated cows, and the pregnancy rate by Day 90 postpartum was higher in the untreated group. In Experiment 2, cows with endometritis were divided into four groups according to the severity of symptoms; within each group, cows were allocated to treatment or control, as in Experiment 1. Although first service conception rate decreased as endometritis severity increased, reproductive performance in treated versus control cows was similar to that of Experiment 1 (with no interaction due to degree of endometritis). Re-evaluation of the treated cow (to confirm uterine "normality") may have been responsible for the delay in conception in both experiments. The objective of Experiment 3 was to determine the effects of tiaprost treatment on clinically normal postpartum cows (no evidence of endometritis). Tiaprost treatment reduced the interval from calving to conception in multiparous cows, but it delayed conception and reduced the conception rate in primiparous cows. In conclusion, treatment with tiaprost impaired reproductive performance in primiparous cows (in the absence of endometritis). Furthermore, the standard treatment for endometritis (treatment with a prostaglandin analog and withholding insemination until clinical signs abated) impaired reproductive performance and increased costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Eduardo Mejía
- Laboratorio de Regulación Hipofisaria, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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McDougall S. Effect of intrauterine antibiotic treatment on reproductive performance of dairy cows following periparturient disease. N Z Vet J 2001; 49:150-8. [PMID: 16032183 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2001.36223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To quantify the effect of treating lactating dairy cows that had histories of periparturient disorders or disease with a single intrauterine infusion of 0.5 g cephapirin, 3-6 weeks prior to the start of the seasonal breeding period. METHODS Cows (n=690) from spring-calving dairy herds (n=22) were enrolled in a prospective case-control study if they had a history of dystocia, a dead calf at calving or within 24 h of calving, retained foetal membranes (RFM), metabolic disease, twins or a vulval discharge 13 days postpartum. Cows were blocked by age, periparturient condition and calving date, and randomly assigned to be either treated with 0.5 g of cephapirin by intrauterine infusion, or left as untreated controls. Treatment occurred 24-42 days before the planned start of mating (PSM) within each herd. In addition, the reproductive tracts of 91 cows from 4 herds were examined using a vaginal speculum and rectal palpation and cervical-os discharge was scored on a scale from 0 (nil) to 3 (purulent). RESULTS Overall, more treated cows were retained in the trial herds until pregnancy testing than control cows (p0.05). Average 28-day submission rate was higher (93.1% vs 87.1%; p0.05) and PSM-to-first-service interval was shorter (9+/-1 vs 11+/-1 days; p0.05) in treated than control cows. The percentage of cows not pregnant at the end of the mating period was not affected by treatment overall. However, amongst cows diagnosed with RFM, a dead calf, or vulval discharge, pregnancy rates 28 and 56 days after PSM were higher for treated than control cows (p0.05). Cows with a purulent cervical-os discharge had lower 28-day submission rates (p0.01), lower 28-day pregnancy rates (p0.05) and higher non-pregnant rates at the end of mating than cows with nil or mucoid cervical-os discharges. CONCLUSIONS Intrauterine treatment with 0.5 g cephapirin improved reproductive performance of dairy cattle, especially those that had a history of RFM, a calf dead at calving or within 24 h of calving, or a vulval discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McDougall
- Animal Health Centre, PO Box 21, Morrinsville, New Zealand.
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McDougall S. Effects of periparturient diseases and conditions on the reproductive performance of New Zealand dairy cows. N Z Vet J 2001; 49:60-7. [PMID: 16032164 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2001.36204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the effect of retained foetal membranes (RFM), periparturient recumbency, calf mortality, dystocia, twin births and induction of parturition on submission and pregnancy rates of pasture-fed, seasonally-calving dairy cows in New Zealand. METHODS Data were retrospectively collected for 2652 cows from 11 herds on the occurrence of periparturient diseases and condition, calving date, age and treatment for anoestrus prior to the planned start of mating (PSM). The effects of each disease or condition on submission and pregnancy rate by 28 days after PSM, final pregnancy rate, and the proportion of cows that conceived more than 50 days after PSM were examined using separate logistic regression models. Results are expressed as odds ratios (OR). Additionally, the effect of each disease or condition on the interval from PSM to conception was examined using survival analysis. Age, herd and late calving (i.e. cows calved < or =40 days before PSM) were included as factors in the models examined. RESULTS Induction of parturition increased the risk of RFM (OR=3.3, p<0.01). The 28-day submission rate was affected by age and herd but not by any of the periparturient conditions examined. The 28-day pregnancy rate was reduced by RFM (OR=0.04, p<0.05), induction of parturition (OR=0.67, p<0.01), assisted calving (OR=0.61, p<0.01), late calving (OR=0.55, p<0.05) and anoestrus (OR=0.27, p<0.05). The final pregnancy rate was reduced by RFM (OR=0.013, p<0.01), induction (OR=0.25, p<0.05), assisted calving (OR=0.30, p<0.005) and anoestrus (OR=0.32, p<0.05), and was increased if the cow was submitted for mating within 28 days after PSM (OR=2.72, p<0.05). Effects of recumbency and twinning were not significant in any of the models. CONCLUSIONS Cows that had had RFM or were assisted, induced or late to calve, had significantly lower pregnancy rates or took longer to conceive than unaffected herd-mates. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Intervention programs aimed at the examination and treatment of cows with periparturient conditions may improve the reproductive performance of New Zealand dairy herds. Investigations of poor reproductive performance of a herd should include analysis of the prevalence and effects of periparturient diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McDougall
- Animal Health Centre, PO Box 21, Morrinsville, New Zealand.
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Veronesi MC, Kindahl H, Gustafsson H, Kornmatitsuk B. Effect of tetracosactid on post partum cyclicity in cows after induction of parturition with PGF2 alpha. Acta Vet Scand 2001; 42:243-50. [PMID: 11503369 PMCID: PMC2202320 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-42-243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2000] [Accepted: 01/12/2001] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parturition and retention of fetal membranes were induced with PGF2 alpha in 3 primiparous dairy cows. Starting on day 12 post partum (PP) the cows were treated with 500 micrograms i.m. of ACTH-analogue (tetracosactid) every 6 h for 6 times. Changes in plasma concentrations of cortisol, progesterone and 15-ketodihydro-PGF2 alpha were evaluated immediately after treatment. The effects on the resumption of ovarian activity were evaluated by clinical and ultrasound examinations and by progesterone and 15-ketodihydro-PGF2 alpha analyses for 56 days after parturition. Treatment was able to induce a statistically significant (p < 0.01) similar increase in cortisol and progesterone after both the 1st and the 6th injections, in all cows. No changes in 15-ketodihydro-PGF2 alpha concentrations were seen after any of the injections of ACTH-analogue. The first corpus luteum (CL) was seen on day 18 PP (cow A), and 28 (cow B) and in both cases it was followed by a normal ovarian cyclicity. No CL was observed during the whole period of study in cow C. Progesterone profiles confirmed these clinical and ultrasonographic findings. The steroid output, especially progesterone, induced by the ACTH-analogue might be a stimulus for the onset of ovarian cyclicity, since 2 of the 3 animals ovulated earlier than expected. These findings point to the fact that interference with the stress system might have a positive effect on ovarian cyclicity. The different pattern of response does however demand further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Veronesi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala
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