1
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Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of clenproperol residue in milk, yogurt, sausage and livestock meat. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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2
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Ge W, Suryoprabowo S, Wu X, Zheng Q, Kuang H. Rapid immunochromatographic test strip detection of mabuterol and its cross-reactivity with mapenterol. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2018.1499709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Ge
- Wuxi No. 2 people’s hospital, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Steven Suryoprabowo
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Analysis of beta-agonist residues in bovine hair: Development of a UPLC–MS/MS method and stability study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1036-1037:76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Cheng J, Wang S, Su XO. Simultaneous identification and quantification of 20 β-receptor agonists in feed using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76400. [PMID: 24098489 PMCID: PMC3789743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
"Lean meat powder" is a class of toxic chemicals that have structures similar to that of β-adrenergic receptor agonists. At least 16 chemicals from this class have been specifically banned by the 176(th) bulletin of the Chinese Department of Agriculture on breeding animals, and methods for monitoring the illicit use of β-agonists in animal feed are required. Herein, a method to quantify 20 β-agonists in feed, via analyte derivatization followed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, has been developed. The optimized method has a good linear correlation (calibration coefficient > 0.99) between the quantitative ion peak area and the concentration of β-agonists over a large working range (0.05-1 mg/kg). The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.01 mg/kg, the recoveries for three β-agonists spikes (0.05, 0.1, and 1 µg/g) in feed ranged from 75.6 to 102.4%, repeatability ranged from 1.2 to 9.4% for all of the compounds, and intermediate precisions were lower than 13.8%. This precise, accurate method was applied to quantify 20 β-agonists in actual feed samples and represents an excellent complement to existing quantification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technologies for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technologies for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Su
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technologies for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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5
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Garrido BC, Silva MLC, Borges RM, Padilha MC, de Aquino Neto FR. Salbutamol extraction from urine and its stability in different solutions: identification of methylation products and validation of a quantitative analytical method. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 27:1630-8. [PMID: 23801106 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Salbutamol is commonly used in asthma treatment, being considered a short-effect bronchodilator. This drug poses special interest in certain fields of chemical analysis, such as food, clinical and doping analyses, in which it needs to be analyzed with quantitative precision and accuracy. Salbutamol, however, is known to degrade under certain conditions and this is critical if quantitative results must be generated. The present work aimed to investigate salbutamol extraction from urine samples, to determine whether salbutamol is unstable in other solvents as well as in urine samples, to elucidate the structures of the possible degradation products and to validate an analytical method using the extraction procedure evaluated. Stability investigations were performed in urine at different pH values, in methanol and acetone at different temperatures. Semi-preparative liquid chromatography was performed for the isolation of degradation products, and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry as well as nuclear magnetic resonance were used for identification. Three unreported methylation products were detected in methanolic solutions and had their structures elucidated. Urine samples showed a reduction in salbutamol concentration of up to 25.8% after 5 weeks. These results show that special care must be taken regarding salbutamol quantitative analyses, since degradation either in standard solutions or in urine could lead to incorrect values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Carius Garrido
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, LAB DOP-LADETEC, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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6
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Caban M, Mioduszewska K, Stepnowski P, Kwiatkowski M, Kumirska J. Dimethyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silyldiethylamine—A new silylating agent for the derivatization of β-blockers and β-agonists in environmental samples. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 782:75-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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7
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Du XD, Wu YL, Yang HJ, Yang T. Simultaneous determination of 10 β2-agonists in swine urine using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a reversed dispersive solid phase extraction sorbent. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1260:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Di Corcia D, Morra V, Pazzi M, Vincenti M. Simultaneous determination of beta2-agonists in human urine by fast-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: method validation and clinical application. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 24:358-66. [PMID: 19642085 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A fast screening protocol was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 15 beta(2)-agonists in human urine (bambuterol, cimbuterol, clenbuterol, fenoterol, formoterol, isoproterenol, mapenterol, metaproterenol, procaterol, ractopamine, ritodrine, salbutamol, salmeterol, terbutaline, tulobuterol). The overall sample processing includes deconjugation with enzyme hydrolysis, liquid-liquid extraction, followed by derivatization of the extract and detection of beta(2)-agonists trimethylsilyl-derivatives by fast-gas chromatography/electron impact-mass spectrometry (fast-GC/EI-MS). Sample extraction and derivatization were optimized with the purpose of improving recoveries and reaction yields for a variety of analytes with different structures simultaneously, while keeping the procedure simple and reliable. Validation parameters were determined for each analyte under investigation, including selectivity, linearity, intra- and inter-assay precision, extraction recoveries and signal to noise ratio (S/N) at the lowest calibration level. Fast-GC/MS sequences, based on the use of short columns, high carrier-gas velocity and fast temperature ramping, allow considerable reduction of the analysis time (7 min), while maintaining adequate chromatographic resolution. The overall GC cycle time was less than 9 min, allowing a processing rate of 6 samples/h. High MS-sampling rate, using a benchtop quadrupole mass analyzer, resulted in accurate peak shape definition under both scan and selected ion monitoring modes, and high sensitivity in the latter mode. The method was successfully tested on real samples arising from clinical treatments. Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Di Corcia
- Centro Regionale di Tossicologia della Regione Piemonte, Consorzio Antidoping A. Bertinaria, Regione Gonzole 10/1, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
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9
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Simultaneous determination of clenbuterol, salbutamol and ractopamine in milk by reversed-phase liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with isotope dilution. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:7873-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 10/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Shen L, Li Z, He P. Electrochemical behavior of β2-agonists at graphite nanosheet modified electrodes. Electrochem commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2010.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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11
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Sirichai S, Khanatharana P. Rapid analysis of clenbuterol, salbutamol, procaterol, and fenoterol in pharmaceuticals and human urine by capillary electrophoresis. Talanta 2008; 76:1194-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2008.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Paik MJ, Lee J, Kim KR. Simultaneous screening analysis of multiple β-blockers in urine by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring mode. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 601:230-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2007] [Revised: 07/25/2007] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Ramos F, González P, Oliveira A, Almeida A, Fente C, Franco C, Cepeda A, da Silveira MIN. OPTIMIZATION OF DIPHASIC DIALYSIS PROCEDURE FOR CLENBUTEROL RESIDUES EXTRACTION IN BOVINE RETINA AND HAIR. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100001486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ramos
- a Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra , Laboratório de Bromatologia, Nutrição e Hidrologia, Coimbra , 3000-295 , Portugal
| | - Pilar González
- b Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo , Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , Lugo , E27002 , Spain
| | - Anabela Oliveira
- a Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra , Laboratório de Bromatologia, Nutrição e Hidrologia, Coimbra , 3000-295 , Portugal
| | - Alexandra Almeida
- a Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra , Laboratório de Bromatologia, Nutrição e Hidrologia, Coimbra , 3000-295 , Portugal
| | - Cristina Fente
- b Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo , Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , Lugo , E27002 , Spain
| | - Carlos Franco
- b Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo , Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , Lugo , E27002 , Spain
| | - Alberto Cepeda
- b Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo , Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , Lugo , E27002 , Spain
| | - Maria Irene Noronha da Silveira
- a Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra , Laboratório de Bromatologia, Nutrição e Hidrologia, Coimbra , 3000-295 , Portugal
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14
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Paik MJ, Nguyen DT, Kim KR. GC and MS Properties of β-Blockers as tert-Butyldimethylsilyl Derivatives and as Ethoxycarbonyl/Trimethylsilyl Derivatives. Chromatographia 2006. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-006-0095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Lu X, Liu P, Chen H, Qin F, Li F. Enantioselective pharmacokinetics of mabuterol in rats studied using sequential achiral and chiral HPLC. Biomed Chromatogr 2005; 19:703-8. [PMID: 16206140 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective pharmacokinetics of mabuterol was studied in six rats after single oral dose administration of mabuterol racemate. Serial plasma samples were collected and the pharmacokinetic behavior of each enantiomer in rats was characterized using a sequential achiral and chiral liquid chromatographic method. This method involved the separation of mabuterol racemate from endogenous substances on an achiral ODS column and enantiomeric separation on a Chirobiotic V column. The plasma-concentration data were analyzed for individual mabuterol enantiomer using 3P97 software. After i.g. administration of mabuterol racemate at a dose of 10 mg/kg, both enantiomers were slowly absorbed, reaching mean C(max) of 266.8 and 277.9 ng/mL at t(max) of 5.3 and 5.7 h for R- and S-mabuterol, respectively. The AUC(0-infinity) (5,938.9 ng h/mL) of R-mabuterol was significantly higher than that (4,446.1 ng h/mL) of S-mabuterol, and the half-life (14.5 h) was longer than that (9.6 h) of S-mabuterol (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively), showing that enantioselective pharmacokinetics between mabuterol enantiomers occur during the metabolism phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
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16
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Reig M, Batlle N, Navarro JL, Toldrá F. Stability of β-agonist methyl boronic derivatives before gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Koh YM, Saleh MI, Tan SC. Selective extraction of salbutamol from human plasma with the use of phenylboronic acid. J Chromatogr A 2003; 987:257-67. [PMID: 12613820 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01913-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An investigation was conducted on the usage of a single-step extraction procedure involving the retention of a phenylboronate-salbutamol complex on an end-capped C18 solid-phase sorbent to determine the level of salbutamol in human plasma samples. Propranolol, a beta-blocker, was chosen as the internal standard for this assay. In this solid-phase clean-up method, 50 mM sodium carbonate buffer, pH 9.60, was used for conditioning the column as well as washing the endogenous interference. Under the optimal conditions, the recovery of salbutamol from spiked plasma samples was found to be high and reproducible with mean recoveries (n = 3) of more than 90% after elution by using 50% 1 M trifluoroacetic acid in methanol. This sample clean-up step was effectively analyzed under reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection. The method was successfully applied to the routine measurement of salbutamol in human plasma from the bioequivalence study on the different administration route of salbutamol. Quantification of salbutamol was convincingly reported with the correlation of coefficient of 0.9980 for the concentration range from 0 to 1000 ng ml(-1). An adequate precision was achieved with both between- and within-day precisions of less than 10% (n = 6) for 100 and 1000 ng ml(-1) and less than 15% (n = 6) for 10 ng ml(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Koh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
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18
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Damasceno L, Ventura R, Cardoso J, Segura J. Diagnostic evidence for the presence of beta-agonists using two consecutive derivatization procedures and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2002; 780:61-71. [PMID: 12383481 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A GC-MS procedure for the detection of different beta-agonists in urine samples based on two consecutive derivatization steps is described. The derivatization procedure is based on the consecutive formation of cyclic methylboronate derivatives followed by a second derivatization step with MSTFA on the same extract, forming TMS derivatives. Injections in the GC-MS system may be carried out after each one of the derivatization steps, obtaining enough information for unambiguous identification. Limits of detection for the two derivatization steps ranged from 0.5 to 5 ng/ml. This procedure was tested with the beta-agonists bambuterol, clenbuterol, fenoterol, formoterol, salbutamol, salmeterol, alpha-hydroxy-salmeterol and terbutaline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia Damasceno
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica, Barcelona, Spain
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Damasceno L, Ventura R, Ortuño J, Segura J. Derivatization procedures for the detection of beta(2)-agonists by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2000; 35:1285-1294. [PMID: 11114086 DOI: 10.1002/1096-9888(200011)35:11<1285::aid-jms61>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An evaluation of derivatization procedures for the detection of beta(2)-agonists is presented. The study was performed with the beta(2)-agonists bambuterol, clenbuterol, fenoterol, formoterol, salbutamol, salmeterol and terbutaline. Different derivatizating agents were employed, aiming to obtain derivatives with high selectivity to be used in the gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of beta(2)-agonists in biological samples. Trimethylsilylation was compared with different agents and the role of some catalysts was evaluated. Acylation, combined trimethylsilylation and acylation, and the formation of cyclic methylboronates were also studied. Sterical hindrance caused by different substituents at the nitrogen atom of the beta-ethanolamine lateral chain of beta(2)-agonist molecules is mainly responsible for differences in the abundances of the derivatives obtained. The use of catalysts produces an increase in the derivatization yield, especially for compounds with low steric hindrance (substituents with primary and secondary carbon atoms). The formation of trimethylsilyl (TMS) ethers is not influenced by structural molecular differences when only hydroxy groups are involved in derivatization. Combined trimethylsilylation and acylation showed that compounds with a secondary carbon atom linked to the nitrogen atom form mainly N-TFA-O-TMS derivatives, with a small amount of N-TMS-O-TMS derivatives. Compounds with tert-butyl substituents at the amino group (bambuterol, salbutamol and terbutaline) formed O-TMS derivatives as the main products, although a limited amount of trifluoroacylation at the nitrogen atom also occurred. Cyclic methylboronates were formed with bambuterol, clenbuterol, formoterol, salbutamol and salmeterol. Owing to hydroxy substituents in unsuitable positions for ring formation, this procedure was not effective for fenoterol and terbutaline. Mass spectra of different derivatives and tentative fragmentation profiles are also shown. For screening purpose (e.g. sports drug testing), derivatization with MSTFA or BSTFA alone is recommended as a comprehensive derivatization technique for beta(2)-agonists owing to minimal by-product formation; formation of cyclic methylboronates can be useful for confirmation purposes. Detection limits were obtained for the TMS and cyclic methylboronate derivatives using the derivatizing reagents MSTFA and trimethylboroxine, respectively. For most of the compounds, lower detection limits were found for the TMS derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Damasceno
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Institut Municipal d'Investigaci o M edica, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Analytical methodology for the detection of β2-agonists in urine by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for application in doping control. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)00950-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Normally, different procedures were necessary to prepare sample matrices for chromatographic determination of beta2-agonists. The present review includes sampling, pre-treatment and extraction/purification for urine, plasma, liver, meat, feeds, hair and milk powder, as previous steps for chromatographic analysis of beta2-agonists. Six methodologies were especially revised for extraction/purification namely, liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction (SPE), matrix solid-phase dispersion, immunoaffinity chromatography, dialysis and supercritical fluid extraction. SPE was discussed in detail and five mechanisms were described: adsorption, apolar, polar, ion-exchange and mixed phase. A brief conclusion in this field was also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J dos Ramos
- Laboratório de Bromatologia, Nutrição e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal.
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22
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Ramos F, Matos A, Oliveira A, da Silveira MIN. Diphasic dialysis extraction technique for clenbuterol determination in bovine retina by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chromatographia 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02493629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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