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Wang Q, Li MJ, Zhang JE, Liu ZQ, Yang K, Li HR, Luo MZ. Suitable stocking density of fish in paddy field contributes positively to 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline synthesis in grain and improves rice quality. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:5126-5137. [PMID: 37005496 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fragrant rice is increasingly popular with the public owing to its fresh aroma, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) is the main characteristic component of the aroma in fragrant rice. Rice-fish co-culture is an environmentally friendly practice in sustainable agriculture. However, the effect of rice-fish co-culture on 2-AP in grains has received little study. A conventional fragrant rice (Meixiangzhan 2) was used, and a related field experiment during three rice growing seasons was conducted to investigate the effects of rice-fish co-culture on 2-AP, as well as the rice quality, yield, plant nutrients, and precursors and enzyme activities of 2-AP biosynthesis in leaves. This study involved three fish stocking density treatments (i.e. 9000 (D1), 15 000 (D2), and 21 000 (D3) fish fries per hectare) and rice monocropping. RESULTS Rice-fish co-culture increased the 2-AP content in grains by 2.5-49.4% over that of the monocropping, with significant increases in the early and late rice seasons of 2020. Rice-fish co-culture treatments significantly promoted seed-setting rates by 3.39-7.65%, and improved leaf nutrients and rice quality. Notably, the D2 treatment significantly increased leaf total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK) contents and the head rice rate at maturity stage, while significantly decreased chalkiness degree. There was no significant difference in rice yield. CONCLUSION Rice-fish co-culture had positive effects on 2-AP synthesis, rice quality, seed-setting rates, and plant nutrient contents. The better stocking density of field fish for rice-fish co-culture in this study was 15 000 fish ha-1 . © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Juan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-En Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Qiang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Ru Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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