Discovery of FR115092: a novel antinephritic agent

Quinoline-3-carbothioamides and related compounds as novel immunomodulating agents

A series of quinoline-3-carbothioamides and their analogues was prepared via four synthetic routes and evaluated for their antinephritic and immunomodulating activities. The optimal compound 9g strongly inhibited the T-cell independent antibody production in mice immunized with TNP-LPS and was highly effective in two nephritis models, namely chronic graft-versus-host disease and autoimmune MRL/l mice.

Synthesis and antinephritic activities of quinoline-3-carboxamides and related compounds

A series of linomide-related quinoline-3-carboxamides and their analogues was prepared and evaluated for antinephritic activities. The 6-MeS derivative 7a was highly effective in two nephritis models, namely chronic graft-versus-host disease and autoimmune MRL/l mice.

Effects of a novel pyridylsulphonyl thiazole derivative, FR115092, on autoimmune and mitomycin C-induced thrombocytopenia in mice

Dapsone (4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulphone), an antileprotic and antimalarial drug, has been reported to be of therapeutic benefit in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in the clinic. However, adverse reactions such as haemolytic anaemia have often been observed. In this study, we found that dapsone increased the number of platelets and decreased the number of red blood cells in male (NZWxBXSB)F1 (W/BF1) mice, an animal model of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. In studies to prepare derivatives of dapsone with weaker side effects than the parent compound, FR115092 (2-[5-(2-pyridylsulphonyl)thiazolyl]amine) was discovered. The effect of FR115092 on the number of blood cells was studied and compared with dapsone in mice. FR 115092 increased the number of platelets without reducing the number of red blood cells in W/BF1 mice. This drug significantly suppressed the increase in circulating autoantibodies against platelets and increased the number of megakaryocytes. Furthermore, FR115092 inhibited the reduction of the number of platelets in mitomycin C-induced thrombocytopenic mice, as a consequence of its enhancement of growth and maturation of megakaryocytes. These findings suggest that FR115092 may be effective against various thrombocytopenias, without inducing haemolytic anaemia.

Synthesis and effects of novel thiazole derivatives against thrombocytopenia

5-(2-Pyridylsulfonyl)-2-thiazolamine (2) was effective both in mitomycin C (MMC)-induced thrombocytopenia and in an animal model of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). It also suppressed the increase of autoantibodies against platelets in the ITP model and showed no blood toxicity. Chemical modification of 2 led to the discovery of more potent compounds against MMC-induced thrombocytopenia.