1
|
Birch SM, Lawlor MW, Conlon TJ, Guo LJ, Crudele JM, Hawkins EC, Nghiem PP, Ahn M, Meng H, Beatka MJ, Fickau BA, Prieto JC, Styner MA, Struharik MJ, Shanks C, Brown KJ, Golebiowski D, Bettis AK, Balog-Alvarez CJ, Clement N, Coleman KE, Corti M, Pan X, Hauschka SD, Gonzalez JP, Morris CA, Schneider JS, Duan D, Chamberlain JS, Byrne BJ, Kornegay JN. Assessment of systemic AAV-microdystrophin gene therapy in the GRMD model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabo1815. [PMID: 36599002 PMCID: PMC11107748 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo1815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscle wasting disease caused by the absence of dystrophin, a membrane-stabilizing protein encoded by the DMD gene. Although mouse models of DMD provide insight into the potential of a corrective therapy, data from genetically homologous large animals, such as the dystrophin-deficient golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) model, may more readily translate to humans. To evaluate the clinical translatability of an adeno-associated virus serotype 9 vector (AAV9)-microdystrophin (μDys5) construct, we performed a blinded, placebo-controlled study in which 12 GRMD dogs were divided among four dose groups [control, 1 × 1013 vector genomes per kilogram (vg/kg), 1 × 1014 vg/kg, and 2 × 1014 vg/kg; n = 3 each], treated intravenously at 3 months of age with a canine codon-optimized microdystrophin construct, rAAV9-CK8e-c-μDys5, and followed for 90 days after dosing. All dogs received prednisone (1 milligram/kilogram) for a total of 5 weeks from day -7 through day 28. We observed dose-dependent increases in tissue vector genome copy numbers; μDys5 protein in multiple appendicular muscles, the diaphragm, and heart; limb and respiratory muscle functional improvement; and reduction of histopathologic lesions. As expected, given that a truncated dystrophin protein was generated, phenotypic test results and histopathologic lesions did not fully normalize. All administrations were well tolerated, and adverse events were not seen. These data suggest that systemically administered AAV-microdystrophin may be dosed safely and could provide therapeutic benefit for patients with DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharla M. Birch
- Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX; 77843
| | | | - Thomas J. Conlon
- University of Florida, Powell Gene Therapy Center, Gainesville, FL; 32610
| | - Lee-Jae Guo
- Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX; 77843
| | | | - Eleanor C. Hawkins
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC; 27606
| | - Peter P. Nghiem
- Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX; 77843
| | - Mihye Ahn
- University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV; 89557
| | - Hui Meng
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; 53226
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amanda K. Bettis
- Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX; 77843
| | - Cynthia J. Balog-Alvarez
- Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX; 77843
| | - Nathalie Clement
- University of Florida, Powell Gene Therapy Center, Gainesville, FL; 32610
| | - Kirsten E. Coleman
- University of Florida, Powell Gene Therapy Center, Gainesville, FL; 32610
| | - Manuela Corti
- University of Florida, Powell Gene Therapy Center, Gainesville, FL; 32610
| | - Xiufang Pan
- University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
| | | | | | | | | | - Dongsheng Duan
- University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
| | | | - Barry J. Byrne
- University of Florida, Powell Gene Therapy Center, Gainesville, FL; 32610
| | - Joe. N. Kornegay
- Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX; 77843
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Anwar S, Yokota T. Rapid Freezing of Skeletal and Cardiac Muscles Using Isopentane Cooled with Liquid Nitrogen and Tragacanth Gum for Histological, Genetic, and Protein Expression Studies. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2587:45-53. [PMID: 36401023 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2772-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Histological and molecular genetic evaluation of skeletal and cardiac muscles is an indispensable part of understanding muscle biology and the pathology of muscle disorders. Proper processing of the muscle tissue is a prerequisite for optimal evaluation. However, the processing of skeletal muscle samples often comes with many challenges. One of the commonly used methods of frozen tissue preparation involves optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT compound) embedding. This method is considered optimal for the processing of most of the routinely studied tissue samples. However, the processing of skeletal muscle samples using this method is often unsuitable as it causes artifacts and low DNA, RNA, and protein yield and quality due to the slow freezing of skeletal muscle tissues that allows ice crystals to form. One of the most suitable methods for skeletal muscle tissue processing for histological, genetic, and molecular studies is rapid freezing of freshly collected tissue samples using isopentane cooled with liquid nitrogen and tragacanth gum, which provides distinct advantages in consuming less time, preserving the cell morphology, and helping higher nucleic acids and protein yields. This chapter describes a protocol for rapid freezing of freshly collected skeletal muscle tissues using isopentane pre-chilled with liquid nitrogen and tragacanth gum. Skeletal muscle tissue samples processed using this protocol can be used for histological and immunological staining investigations and studies requiring DNA, RNA, and proteins from these tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Anwar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Toshifumi Yokota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- The Friends of Garrett Cumming Research and Muscular Dystrophy Canada, Henry M. Toupin Neurological Science Research Chair, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Raz V, Raz Y, Vijver D, Bindellini D, Putten M, Ben Akker E. High‐throughput data‐driven analysis of myofiber composition reveals muscle‐specific disease and age‐associated patterns. FASEB J 2018; 33:4046-4053. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801714r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vered Raz
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Yotam Raz
- Molecular EpidemiologyLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Davy Vijver
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Davide Bindellini
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Putten
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Erik Ben Akker
- Molecular EpidemiologyLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
- Leiden Computational Biology CenterLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
- Delft Bioinformatics LabDelft University Delft The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wen Y, Murach KA, Vechetti IJ, Fry CS, Vickery C, Peterson CA, McCarthy JJ, Campbell KS. MyoVision: software for automated high-content analysis of skeletal muscle immunohistochemistry. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 124:40-51. [PMID: 28982947 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00762.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of skeletal muscle cross sections is an important experimental technique in muscle biology. Many aspects of immunohistochemistry and fluorescence microscopy can now be automated, but most image quantification techniques still require extensive human input, slowing progress and introducing the possibility of user bias. MyoVision is a new software package that was developed to overcome these limitations. The software improves upon previously reported automatic techniques and analyzes images without requiring significant human input and correction. When compared with data derived by manual quantification, MyoVision achieves an accuracy of ≥94% for basic measurements such as fiber number, fiber type distribution, fiber cross-sectional area, and myonuclear number. Scientists can download the software free from www.MyoVision.org and use it to automate the analysis of their own experimental data. This will improve the efficiency and consistency of the analysis of muscle cross sections and help to reduce the burden of routine image quantification in muscle biology. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Scientists currently analyze images of immunofluorescently labeled skeletal muscle using time-consuming techniques that require sustained human supervision. As well as being inefficient, these techniques can increase variability in studies that quantify morphological adaptations of skeletal muscle at the cellular level. MyoVision is new software that overcomes these limitations by performing high-content analysis of muscle cross sections with minimal manual input. It is open source and freely available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,MD/PhD Program, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, and Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Chase Vickery
- MSTC Program, Paul Laurence Dunbar High School , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kenneth S Campbell
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bergmeister KD, Gröger M, Aman M, Willensdorfer A, Manzano-Szalai K, Salminger S, Aszmann OC. A Rapid Automated Protocol for Muscle Fiber Population Analysis in Rat Muscle Cross Sections Using Myosin Heavy Chain Immunohistochemistry. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28448058 DOI: 10.3791/55441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantification of muscle fiber populations provides a deeper insight into the effects of disease, trauma, and various other influences on skeletal muscle composition. Various time-consuming methods have traditionally been used to study fiber populations in many fields of research. However, recently developed immunohistochemical methods based on myosin heavy chain protein expression provide a quick alternative to identify multiple fiber types in a single section. Here, we present a rapid, reliable and reproducible protocol for improved staining quality, allowing automatic acquisition of whole cross sections and automatic quantification of fiber populations with ImageJ. For this purpose, embedded skeletal muscles are cut in cross sections, stained using myosin heavy chains antibodies with secondary fluorescent antibodies and DAPI for cell nuclei staining. Whole cross sections are then scanned automatically using a slide scanner to obtain high-resolution composite pictures of the entire specimen. Fiber population analyses are subsequently performed to quantify slow, intermediate and fast fibers using an automated macro for ImageJ. We have previously shown that this method can identify fiber populations reliably to a degree of ±4%. In addition, this method reduces inter-user variability and time per analyses significantly using the open source platform ImageJ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin D Bergmeister
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna; Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg
| | - Marion Gröger
- Core Facility Imaging, Core Facilities, Medical University Vienna
| | - Martin Aman
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Anna Willensdorfer
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Krisztina Manzano-Szalai
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Stefan Salminger
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Oskar C Aszmann
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
ice and humans lacking the caveolae component polymerase I transcription release factor (PTRF, also known as cavin-1) exhibit lipo- and muscular dystrophy. Here we describe the molecular features underlying the muscle phenotype for PTRF/cavin-1 null mice. These animals had a decreased ability to exercise, and exhibited muscle hypertrophy with increased muscle fiber size and muscle mass due, in part, to constitutive activation of the Akt pathway. Their muscles were fibrotic and exhibited impaired membrane integrity accompanied by an apparent compensatory activation of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex along with elevated expression of proteins involved in muscle repair function. Ptrf deletion also caused decreased mitochondrial function, oxygen consumption, and altered myofiber composition. Thus, in addition to compromised adipocyte-related physiology, the absence of PTRF/cavin-1 in mice caused a unique form of muscular dystrophy with a phenotype similar or identical to that seen in humans lacking this protein. Further understanding of this muscular dystrophy model will provide information relevant to the human situation and guidance for potential therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul F Pilch
- Department of Biochemistry.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Histological effects of givinostat in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2016; 26:643-649. [PMID: 27566866 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene leading to dystrophin deficiency, muscle fiber degeneration and progressive fibrotic replacement of muscles. Givinostat, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, significantly reduced fibrosis and promoted compensatory muscle regeneration in mdx mice. This study was conducted to evaluate whether the beneficial histological effects of Givinostat could be extended to DMD boys. Twenty ambulant DMD boys aged 7 to <11 years on stable corticosteroid treatment were enrolled in the study and treated for ≥12 months with Givinostat. A muscle biopsy was collected at the beginning and at the end of treatment to evaluate the amount of muscle and fibrotic tissue. Histological effects were the primary objectives of the study. Treatment with Givinostat significantly increased the fraction of muscle tissue in the biopsies and reduced the amount of fibrotic tissue. It also substantially reduced tissue necrosis and fatty replacement. Overall the drug was safe and tolerated. Improvement in functional tests was not observed in this study, but the sample size of the study was not sufficient to draw definitive conclusions. This study showed that treatment with Givinostat for more than 1 year significantly counteracted histological disease progression in ambulant DMD boys aged 7 to 10 years.
Collapse
|
8
|
Bergmeister KD, Gröger M, Aman M, Willensdorfer A, Manzano-Szalai K, Salminger S, Aszmann OC. Automated muscle fiber type population analysis with ImageJ of whole rat muscles using rapid myosin heavy chain immunohistochemistry. Muscle Nerve 2016; 54:292-9. [PMID: 26788932 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skeletal muscle consists of different fiber types which adapt to exercise, aging, disease, or trauma. Here we present a protocol for fast staining, automatic acquisition, and quantification of fiber populations with ImageJ. METHODS Biceps and lumbrical muscles were harvested from Sprague-Dawley rats. Quadruple immunohistochemical staining was performed on single sections using antibodies against myosin heavy chains and secondary fluorescent antibodies. Slides were scanned automatically with a slide scanner. Manual and automatic analyses were performed and compared statistically. RESULTS The protocol provided rapid and reliable staining for automated image acquisition. Analyses between manual and automatic data indicated Pearson correlation coefficients for biceps of 0.645-0.841 and 0.564-0.673 for lumbrical muscles. Relative fiber populations were accurate to a degree of ± 4%. CONCLUSIONS This protocol provides a reliable tool for quantification of muscle fiber populations. Using freely available software, it decreases the required time to analyze whole muscle sections. Muscle Nerve 54: 292-299, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin D Bergmeister
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090, Austria
| | - Marion Gröger
- Core Facility Imaging, Core Facilities, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Aman
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090, Austria
| | - Anna Willensdorfer
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090, Austria
| | - Krisztina Manzano-Szalai
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090, Austria
| | - Stefan Salminger
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090, Austria
| | - Oskar C Aszmann
- CD Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abnormal Skeletal Muscle Regeneration plus Mild Alterations in Mature Fiber Type Specification in Fktn-Deficient Dystroglycanopathy Muscular Dystrophy Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147049. [PMID: 26751696 PMCID: PMC4708996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylated α-dystroglycan provides an essential link between extracellular matrix proteins, like laminin, and the cellular cytoskeleton via the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex. In secondary dystroglycanopathy muscular dystrophy, glycosylation abnormalities disrupt a complex O-mannose glycan necessary for muscle structural integrity and signaling. Fktn-deficient dystroglycanopathy mice develop moderate to severe muscular dystrophy with skeletal muscle developmental and/or regeneration defects. To gain insight into the role of glycosylated α-dystroglycan in these processes, we performed muscle fiber typing in young (2, 4 and 8 week old) and regenerated muscle. In mice with Fktn disruption during skeletal muscle specification (Myf5/Fktn KO), newly regenerated fibers (embryonic myosin heavy chain positive) peaked at 4 weeks old, while total regenerated fibers (centrally nucleated) were highest at 8 weeks old in tibialis anterior (TA) and iliopsoas, indicating peak degeneration/regeneration activity around 4 weeks of age. In contrast, mature fiber type specification at 2, 4 and 8 weeks old was relatively unchanged. Fourteen days after necrotic toxin-induced injury, there was a divergence in muscle fiber types between Myf5/Fktn KO (skeletal-muscle specific) and whole animal knockout induced with tamoxifen post-development (Tam/Fktn KO) despite equivalent time after gene deletion. Notably, Tam/Fktn KO retained higher levels of embryonic myosin heavy chain expression after injury, suggesting a delay or abnormality in differentiation programs. In mature fiber type specification post-injury, there were significant interactions between genotype and toxin parameters for type 1, 2a, and 2x fibers, and a difference between Myf5/Fktn and Tam/Fktn study groups in type 2b fibers. These data suggest that functionally glycosylated α-dystroglycan has a unique role in muscle regeneration and may influence fiber type specification post-injury.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chimenti C, Padua L, Pazzaglia C, Morgante E, Centurion C, Antuzzi D, Russo MA, Frustaci A. Cardiac and skeletal myopathy in Fabry disease: a clinicopathologic correlative study. Hum Pathol 2012; 43:1444-52. [PMID: 22406371 PMCID: PMC3423632 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle disturbances are commonly reported in patients with Fabry disease. Whether they derive from cardiac dysfunction or direct muscle involvement is still unclear. Clinical, noninvasive, and invasive cardiac and muscle studies, including an endomyocardial and muscle biopsy, were obtained in 12 patients (mean age, 42.1 ± 12.6 years; range, 24-58 years) with Fabry disease. In the youngest patients (group A, 4 men aged <35 years), results of cardiac and skeletal noninvasive studies were normal, except for reduced velocities in tissue Doppler imaging. Histologic examination indicated that muscle myocytes were unaffected, whereas muscle vessels showed the presence of mild glycosphingolipid accumulation in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In the heart, cardiomyocytes and endothelial and smooth muscle cells of intramural cardiac vessels were involved by the disease. The oldest patients (group B, 6 men and 2 women aged >35 years) showed ultrasound muscle disarray and electromyography signs of myopathy, increased left ventricular mass, and normal cardiac function. Histologic examination showed that muscle myocytes contained mild glycosphingolipid accumulation compared with severe engulfment of cardiomyocytes. Moreover, similar infiltration of myocardial and muscle intramural vessels, causing lumen narrowing and fibrofatty tissue replacement, was observed. Direct muscle involvement occurs in patients with Fabry disease. It is milder and delayed compared with that in the heart. The difference in organ function and the need of residual α-galactosidase A activity are the likely causes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Chimenti
- Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nefrologic and Geriatric Sciences Department, La Sapienza University, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu N, Bezprozvannaya S, Shelton JM, Frisard MI, Hulver MW, McMillan RP, Wu Y, Voelker KA, Grange RW, Richardson JA, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. Mice lacking microRNA 133a develop dynamin 2–dependent centronuclear myopathy. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:3258-68. [PMID: 21737882 DOI: 10.1172/jci46267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs modulate cellular phenotypes by inhibiting expression of mRNA targets. In this study, we have shown that the muscle-specific microRNAs miR-133a-1 and miR-133a-2 are essential for multiple facets of skeletal muscle function and homeostasis in mice. Mice with genetic deletions of miR-133a-1 and miR-133a-2 developed adult-onset centronuclear myopathy in type II (fast-twitch) myofibers, accompanied by impaired mitochondrial function, fast-to-slow myofiber conversion, and disarray of muscle triads (sites of excitation- contraction coupling). These abnormalities mimicked human centronuclear myopathies and could be ascribed, at least in part, to dysregulation of the miR-133a target mRNA that encodes dynamin 2, a GTPase implicated in human centronuclear myopathy. Our findings reveal an essential role for miR-133a in the maintenance of adult skeletal muscle structure, function, bioenergetics, and myofiber identity; they also identify a potential modulator of centronuclear myopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and 2Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75930-9148, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Validation of an automated computational method for skeletal muscle fibre morphometry analysis. Neuromuscul Disord 2010; 20:540-7. [PMID: 20638845 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2010.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Accurate and fast measurement of muscle fibre size and evaluation of fibre type proportions in large cross-sectional areas remains challenging as existing methods require extensive manual measurements. In this study, we assessed the fibre morphometry of approximately 1000 fibres in mouse and human control and diseased muscle cross-sections. We compared fibre size, percentage fibre proportion and percentage fibre surface area results obtained by an automated method using MetaMorph with those obtained manually using Image Pro. Data collection using MetaMorph software was faster and produced similar results to those obtained using Image Pro. The ability to quickly and accurately measure large numbers of fibres with MetaMorph allows the researcher to make a more precise assessment of fibre type and fibre size changes in human muscle biopsies and animal models of muscle disease.
Collapse
|
13
|
De la Torre C, Illa I, Faulkner G, Soria L, Robles-Cedeño R, Dominguez-Perles R, De Luna N, Gallardo E. Proteomics identification of differentially expressed proteins in the muscle of dysferlin myopathy patients. Proteomics Clin Appl 2009; 3:486-97. [PMID: 21136973 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200800087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The muscular dystrophies are a large and heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders that can be classified according to the mode of inheritance, the clinical phenotype and the molecular defect. To better understand the pathological mechanisms of dysferlin myopathy we compared the protein-expression pattern in the muscle biopsies of six patients with this disease with six patients with limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2A, five with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy and six normal control subjects. To investigate differences in the expression levels of skeletal muscle proteins we used 2-DE and MS. Western blot or immunohistochemistry confirmed relevant results. The study showed specific increase expression of proteins involved in fast-to-slow fiber type conversion (ankyrin repeat protein 2), type I predominance (phosphorylated forms of slow troponin T), sarcomere stabilization (actinin-associated LIM protein), protein ubiquitination (TRIM 72) and skeletal muscle differentiation (Rho-GDP-dissociation inhibitor ly-GDI) in dysferlin myopathy. As anticipated, we also found differential expression of proteins common to all the muscular dystrophies studied. This comparative proteomic analysis suggests that in dysferlin myopathy (i) the type I fiber predominance is an active process of fiber type conversion rather than a selective loss of type II fibers and (ii) the dysregulation of proteins involved in muscle differentiation further confirms the role of dysferlin in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina De la Torre
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Institut de Recerca HSCSP, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The muscular dystrophies represent a diverse group of diseases differing in underlying genetic basis, age of onset, mode of inheritance, and severity of progression, but they share certain common pathologic features. Most prominent among these features is the necrotic degeneration of muscle fibers. Although the genetic basis of many of the dystrophies has been known for over a decade and new disease genes continue to be discovered, the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to muscle cell death in the dystrophies remain a mystery. This review focuses on the oxidative stress theory, which states that the final common pathway of muscle cell death in these diseases involves oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Rando
- Neurology Service and GRECC, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|