1
|
Synthesis, Structural and Thermal Studies of 3-(1-Benzyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-5-ethoxy-1 H-indole (D2AAK1_3) as Dopamine D₂ Receptor Ligand. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092249. [PMID: 30181442 PMCID: PMC6225423 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compound D2AAK1_3 was designed as a modification of the lead structure D2AAK1 (an in vivo active multi-target compound with nanomolar affinity to a number of aminergic GPCRs) and synthesized in the reaction of 5-ethoxyindole and 1-benzyl-4-piperidone. This compound has an affinity to the human dopamine D₂ receptor with Ki of 151 nM. The aim of these studies was the structural and thermal characterization of the compound D2AAK1_3. In particular; X-ray studies; molecular docking and molecular dynamics as well as thermal analysis were performed. The studied compound crystallizes in orthorhombic system; in chiral space group P2₁2₁2₁. The compound has a non-planar conformation. The studied compound was docked to the novel X-ray structure of the human dopamine D₂ receptor in the inactive state (PDB ID: 6CM4) and established the main contact between its protonatable nitrogen atom and Asp (3.32) of the receptor. The obtained binding pose was stable in molecular dynamics simulations. Thermal stability of the compound was investigated using the TG-DSC technique in the air atmosphere, while TG-FTIR analyses in air and nitrogen atmospheres were also performed. The studied compound is characterized by good thermal stability. The main volatile products of combustion are the following gases: CO₂; H₂O toluene and CO while in the case of pyrolysis process in the FTIR spectra; the characteristic bands of NH₃; piperidine and indole are additionally observed.
Collapse
|
2
|
Sweeney JB, Ball AK, Lawrence PA, Sinclair MC, Smith LJ. A Simple, Broad-Scope Nickel(0) Precatalyst System for the Direct Amination of Allyl Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10202-10206. [PMID: 29939450 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of allylic amines is traditionally accomplished by reactions of amines with reactive electrophiles, such as allylic halides, sulfonates, or oxyphosphonium species; such methods involve hazardous reagents, generate stoichiometric waste streams, and often suffer from side reactions (such as overalkylation). We report here the first broad-scope nickel-catalysed direct amination of allyl alcohols: An inexpensive NiII /Zn couple enables the allylation of primary, secondary, and electron-deficient amines without the need for glove-box techniques. Under mild conditions, primary and secondary aliphatic amines react smoothly with a range of allyl alcohols, giving secondary and tertiary amines efficiently. This "totally catalytic" method can also be applied to electron-deficient nitrogen nucleophiles; the practicality of the process was demonstrated in an efficient, gram-scale preparation of the calcium antagonist drug substance flunarizine (Sibelium®).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Sweeney
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Anthony K Ball
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Philippa A Lawrence
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Mackenzie C Sinclair
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Luke J Smith
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sweeney JB, Ball AK, Lawrence PA, Sinclair MC, Smith LJ. A Simple, Broad-Scope Nickel(0) Precatalyst System for the Direct Amination of Allyl Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony K. Ball
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Huddersfield; Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK
| | - Philippa A. Lawrence
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Huddersfield; Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK
| | - Mackenzie C. Sinclair
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Huddersfield; Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK
| | - Luke J. Smith
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Huddersfield; Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jagadale MB, Salunkhe RS, Rajmane MM, Dhanavade MJ, Sonawane KD, Rashinkar GS. Water-Mediated Synthesis of Anthelmintic Piperidinols and Their Molecular Docking Studies. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megha B. Jagadale
- Department of Chemistry; Shivaji University; Kolhapur, 416004, M.S. India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Butini S, Nikolic K, Kassel S, Brückmann H, Filipic S, Agbaba D, Gemma S, Brogi S, Brindisi M, Campiani G, Stark H. Polypharmacology of dopamine receptor ligands. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 142:68-103. [PMID: 27234980 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Most neurological diseases have a multifactorial nature and the number of molecular mechanisms discovered as underpinning these diseases is continuously evolving. The old concept of developing selective agents for a single target does not fit with the medical need of most neurological diseases. The development of designed multiple ligands holds great promises and appears as the next step in drug development for the treatment of these multifactorial diseases. Dopamine and its five receptor subtypes are intimately involved in numerous neurological disorders. Dopamine receptor ligands display a high degree of cross interactions with many other targets including G-protein coupled receptors, transporters, enzymes and ion channels. For brain disorders like Parkinsońs disease, schizophrenia and depression the dopaminergic system, being intertwined with many other signaling systems, plays a key role in pathogenesis and therapy. The concept of designed multiple ligands and polypharmacology, which perfectly meets the therapeutic needs for these brain disorders, is herein discussed as a general ligand-based concept while focusing on dopaminergic agents and receptor subtypes in particular.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - K Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S Kassel
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - H Brückmann
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - S Filipic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - D Agbaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S Gemma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - S Brogi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M Brindisi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - G Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - H Stark
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Civiello RL, Han X, Beno BR, Chaturvedula PV, Herbst JJ, Xu C, Conway CM, Macor JE, Dubowchik GM. Synthesis and SAR of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists containing substituted aryl-piperazines and piperidines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1229-32. [PMID: 26832218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a potent neuropeptide implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine. In the course of seeking CGRP antagonists with improved oral bioavailability, metabolic stability, and pharmacokinetic properties, lower molecular weight, structurally simpler piperidine and piperazine analogs of BMS-694153 were prepared. Several were found to have nM binding affinity in vitro. The synthesis and SAR of these substituted piperidine and piperazine CGRP antagonists are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita L Civiello
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - Xiaojun Han
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - Brett R Beno
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - Prasad V Chaturvedula
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - John J Herbst
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - Cen Xu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - Charles M Conway
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - John E Macor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - Gene M Dubowchik
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kucukoglu K, Mete E, Cetin-Atalay R, Gul HI. Synthesis of 3-aroyl-4-aryl-1-isopropylamino-4-piperidinols and evaluation of the cytotoxicities of the compounds against human hepatoma and breast cancer cell lines. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2014; 30:564-8. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.951350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
8
|
Abstract
Computer-aided drug discovery/design methods have played a major role in the development of therapeutically important small molecules for over three decades. These methods are broadly classified as either structure-based or ligand-based methods. Structure-based methods are in principle analogous to high-throughput screening in that both target and ligand structure information is imperative. Structure-based approaches include ligand docking, pharmacophore, and ligand design methods. The article discusses theory behind the most important methods and recent successful applications. Ligand-based methods use only ligand information for predicting activity depending on its similarity/dissimilarity to previously known active ligands. We review widely used ligand-based methods such as ligand-based pharmacophores, molecular descriptors, and quantitative structure-activity relationships. In addition, important tools such as target/ligand data bases, homology modeling, ligand fingerprint methods, etc., necessary for successful implementation of various computer-aided drug discovery/design methods in a drug discovery campaign are discussed. Finally, computational methods for toxicity prediction and optimization for favorable physiologic properties are discussed with successful examples from literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Sliwoski
- Jr., Center for Structural Biology, 465 21st Ave South, BIOSCI/MRBIII, Room 5144A, Nashville, TN 37232-8725.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
El-Gaby MSA. Syntheses of Hitherto Unknown Thiazole, Ylidene and Pyridinethione Derivatives Having a Piperidin-1-yl Moiety and Their Use as Antimicrobial Agents. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
10
|
Ye N, Neumeyer JL, Baldessarini RJ, Zhen X, Zhang A. Update 1 of: Recent Progress in Development of Dopamine Receptor Subtype-Selective Agents: Potential Therapeutics for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders. Chem Rev 2013; 113:PR123-78. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, and Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China 201203
| | - John L. Neumeyer
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory,
McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02478, United States
| | | | - Xuechu Zhen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China 215123
| | - Ao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, and Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China 201203
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Seki M, Tsuruta O, Aoyama Y, Soejima A, Shimada H, Nonaka H. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 3-Amino-1-(5-indanyloxy)-2-propanol Derivatives as Potent Sodium Channel Blockers for the Treatment of Stroke. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2012; 60:488-98. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.60.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maki Seki
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories I, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Ltd
| | - Osamu Tsuruta
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories I, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Ltd
| | - Yukio Aoyama
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories I, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Ltd
| | - Aki Soejima
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Ltd
| | - Hiroshi Shimada
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories II, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Ltd
| | - Hikaru Nonaka
- Discovery Screening Center, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Ltd
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Recent advances in the stereoselective synthesis of trans-3,4-disubstituted-piperidines: applications to (−)-paroxetine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
13
|
Zhang A, Neumeyer JL, Baldessarini RJ. Recent progress in development of dopamine receptor subtype-selective agents: potential therapeutics for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Chem Rev 2007; 107:274-302. [PMID: 17212477 DOI: 10.1021/cr050263h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhang
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Benjamin ER, Pruthi F, Olanrewaju S, Shan S, Hanway D, Liu X, Cerne R, Lavery D, Valenzano KJ, Woodward RM, Ilyin VI. Pharmacological characterization of recombinant N-type calcium channel (Cav2.2) mediated calcium mobilization using FLIPR. Biochem Pharmacol 2006; 72:770-82. [PMID: 16844100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2006.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2006] [Revised: 06/04/2006] [Accepted: 06/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The N-type voltage-gated calcium channel (Ca(v)2.2) functions in neurons to regulate neurotransmitter release. It comprises a clinically relevant target for chronic pain. We have validated a calcium mobilization approach to assessing Ca(v)2.2 pharmacology in two stable Ca(v)2.2 cell lines: alpha1(B), alpha2delta, beta(3)-HEK-293 and alpha1(B), beta(3)-HEK-293. Ca(v)2.2 channels were opened by addition of KCl and Ca(2+) mobilization was measured by Fluo-4 fluorescence on a fluorescence imaging plate reader (FLIPR(96)). Ca(v)2.2 expression and biophysics were confirmed by patch-clamp electrophysiology (EP). Both cell lines responded to KCl with adequate signal-to-background. Signals from both cell lines were inhibited by omega-conotoxin (ctx)-MVIIa and omega-conotoxin (ctx)-GVIa with IC(50) values of 1.8 and 1nM, respectively, for the three-subunit stable, and 0.9 and 0.6nM, respectively, for the two-subunit stable. Other known Ca(v)2.2 blockers were characterized including cadmium, flunarizine, fluspirilene, and mibefradil. IC(50) values correlated with literature EP-derived values. Novel Ca(v)2.2 pharmacology was identified in classes of compounds with other primary pharmacological activities, including Na(+) channel inhibitors and antidepressants. Novel Na(+) channel compounds with high potency at Ca(v)2.2 were identified in the phenoxyphenyl pyridine, phenoxyphenyl pyrazole, and other classes. The highest potency at Ca(v)2.2 tricyclic antidepressant identified was desipramine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elfrida R Benjamin
- Purdue Pharma Discovery Research, 6 Cedarbrook Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Z. Zard S, Vila X. Synthesis of Substituted 4-Arylpiperidin-2-ones by a 6-exo-Trig Radical Cyclization. HETEROCYCLES 2006. [DOI: 10.3987/com-06-s(w)7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
16
|
Benjamin ER, Pruthi F, Olanrewaju S, Ilyin VI, Crumley G, Kutlina E, Valenzano KJ, Woodward RM. State-Dependent Compound Inhibition of Nav1.2 Sodium Channels Using the FLIPR VmDye: On-Target and Off-Target Effects of Diverse Pharmacological Agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 11:29-39. [PMID: 16234337 DOI: 10.1177/1087057105280918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodiumchannels (NaChs) are relevant targets for pain, epilepsy, and a variety of neurological and cardiac disorders. Traditionally, it has been difficult to develop structure-activity relationships for NaCh inhibitors due to rapid channel kinetics and state-dependent compound interactions. Membrane potential (Vm)dyes in conjunctionwith a high-throughput fluorescence imaging plate reader (FLIPR) offer a satisfactory 1st-tier solution. Thus, the authors have developed a FLIPR Vmassay of rat Nav1.2NaCh. Channels were opened by addition of veratridine, and Vm dye responses were measured. The IC50 values from various structural classes of compounds were compared to the resting state binding constant (Kr)and inactivated state binding constant (Ki)obtained using patch-clamp electrophysiology (EP). The FLIPR values correlated with Ki but not Kr.FLIPRIC50 values fellwithin 0.1-to 1.5-fold of EPKi values, indicating that the assay generally reports use-dependent inhibition rather than resting state block. The Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC, Sigma) was screened. Confirmed hits arose from diverse classes such as dopamine receptor antagonists, serotonin transport inhibitors, and kinase inhibitors. These data suggest that NaCh inhibition is inherent in a diverse set of biologically active molecules and may warrant counterscreening NaChs to avoid unwanted secondary pharmacology.
Collapse
|
17
|
Structural Features of the Binding Site for Diphenin and other Anticonvulsants belonging to the Group of Sodium Channel Blockers. Pharm Chem J 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-006-0007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
18
|
Mekapati SB, Kurup A, Verma RP, Hansch C. The role of hydrophobic properties of chemicals in promoting allosteric reactions. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:3737-62. [PMID: 15863002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2005] [Revised: 03/09/2005] [Accepted: 03/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An allosteric reaction has been found in a variety of instances where an inverted parabolic relationship between biological activity and hydrophobicity is apparent, that is the activity first decreases as hydrophobicity increases and after a certain point, activity begins to increase. This could be attributed to the ligands causing a change in the receptor structure. In this report, the role of hydrophobic properties of chemicals in promoting allosteric reactions have been discussed in term of hydrophobicity (logP) by the formulation of a total number of 50 QSAR equations. The QSAR model of this type may be represented by Eq. I.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sun W, Park KW, Choe J, Rhyu IJ, Kim IH, Park SK, Choi B, Choi SH, Park SH, Kim H. Identification of novel electroconvulsive shock-induced and activity-dependent genes in the rat brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 327:848-56. [PMID: 15649423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive shock (ECS) has been used as an effective treatment for patients suffering from major depression disorders and schizophrenia. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the action of ECS are poorly understood. Using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays, we identified 60 ECS-induced genes whose gene products are involved in the neuronal signaling, neuritogenesis and tissue remodeling. In situ hybridization and depolarization-dependent expression assay were performed to characterize 4 genes (lysyl oxidase, Ab1-046, SOX11, and T-type calcium channel 1G subunit) which have not yet been reported to be induced by ECS. Interestingly, the induction of these genes was observed mainly in the dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation and piriform cortex, where ECS-induced neural activation is highlighted, and depolarization of cultured cortical neurons also induced the expression of these genes. Taken together, our results suggest that therapeutic actions of ECS may be manifested by the activity-dependent induction of genes related to the plastic changes of the brain such as neuronal signaling neuritogenesis, and tissue remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woong Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Korea 21 Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, 126-1, 5-Ka, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-705, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Frolovskii VA, Studnev YN, Garibova TL, Voronina TA. Some aspects in the search for anticonvulsants (a review). Pharm Chem J 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-005-0018-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
21
|
Morita H, Shi J, Ito Y, Inoue R. T-channel-like pharmacological properties of high voltage-activated, nifedipine-insensitive Ca2+ currents in the rat terminal mesenteric artery. Br J Pharmacol 2002; 137:467-76. [PMID: 12359628 PMCID: PMC1573516 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Pharmacological properties of nifedipine-insensitive, high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels in rat mesenteric terminal arteries (NICCs) were investigated and compared with those of alpha1E and alpha1G heterologously expressed in BHK and HEK293 cells respectively, using the patch clamp technique. 2. With 10 mM Ba(2+) as the charge carrier, rat NICCs (unitary conductance: 11.5 pS with 110 mM Ba(2+)) are almost identical to those previously identified in a similar region of guinea-pig, such as in current-voltage relationship, voltage dependence of activation and inactivation, and divalent cation permeability. However, these properties are considerably different when compared with alpha1E and alpha1G. 3. SNX-482(200 nM and sFTX3.3 (1 micro M), in addition to omega-conotoxin GVIA (1 micro M) and omega-agatoxin IVA (100 nM), were totally ineffective for rat NICC currents, but significantly suppressed alpha1E (by 82% at 200 nM; IC(50)=11.1 nM) and alpha1G (by 20% at 1 micro M) channel currents, respectively. A non-specific T-type Ca(2+) channel blocker nimodipine (10 micro M) differentially suppressed these three currents (by 40, 3 and 85% for rat NICC, alpha1E and alpha1G currents, respectively). 4. Mibefradil, the widely used T-type channel blocker, almost equally inhibited rat NICC and alpha1G currents in a voltage-dependent fashion with similar IC(50) values (3.5 and 0.3 micro M and 2.4 and 0.14 micro M at -100 and -60 mV, respectively). Furthermore, other organic T-type channel blockers such as phenytoin, ethosuximide, an arylpiperidine derivative SUN N5030 (IC(50)=0.32 micro M at -60 mV for alpha1G) also exhibited comparable inhibitory efficacies for NICC currents (inhibited by 22% at 100 micro M; IC(50)=27.8 mM; IC(50)=0.53 micro M, respectively). 5. These results suggest that despite distinctive biophysical properties, the rat NICCs have indistinguishable pharmacological sensitivities to many organic blockers compared with T-type Ca(2+) channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Morita
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Juan Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yushi Ito
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Palomo JM, Fernández-Lorente G, Mateo C, Fernández-Lafuente R, Guisan JM. Enzymatic resolution of (±)-trans-4-(4′-fluorophenyl)-6-oxo-piperidin-3-ethyl carboxylate, an intermediate in the synthesis of (−)-Paroxetine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(02)00645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|