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Zhukouski A, Levonyck E, Sugai N, Sugai H, Mogi M, Khruschinski A, Kutsen S. Method and equipment for estimation activity nuclides in samples of finite dimensions. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 206:111226. [PMID: 38364610 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a method of measuring the activity of a specific radionuclide 234mPa in samples placed in bulk transport containers under changing background conditions. The method makes it possible to measure specific activity of 234 mPa in objects without the need for sampling. The change in the effective sample volume limited by the surfaces of the containers is considered depending on the density of the measured material and the energy of gamma radiation of the radionuclide. The high sensitivity of scintillation detector, supplemented by adequate Monte Carlo simulation, allows spectrum measurements to be taken in a short time (less than an hour) with subsequent determination of specific activity. A comparison of measurement results and calculation of 234mPa activity in samples with different densities and compositions using the proposed algorithm, and those obtained by an HPGe spectrometer, demonstrated the high efficiency of the proposed solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - N Sugai
- Rad Solutions Co., Ltd., 1-2-38, Kashiwagi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - H Sugai
- Rad Solutions Co., Ltd., 1-2-38, Kashiwagi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - M Mogi
- Rad Solutions Co., Ltd., 1-2-38, Kashiwagi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - A Khruschinski
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - S Kutsen
- Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
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Minimum detectable activity concentration of radio-cesium by a LaBr3(Ce) detector for in situ measurements on the ground-surface and in boreholes. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 185:110247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Corbacho JA, Baeza A. In situgamma spectrometry using a portable HPGe detector. Radiological characterisation and environmental surveillance around an operating nuclear power plant. Possibilities and limits. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2022; 42:021501. [PMID: 34879358 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac4116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The in situtechnique for measuring radionuclides in the soil using a portable Ge detector is a highly versatile tool for both the radiological characterisation and for the monitoring of operating nuclear power plants. The main disadvantage of this technique is related to the lack of knowledge of the geometry of the source whose activity concentration is to be determined. However, its greatest advantage is the high spatial representability of the samples and the reduced time and resource consumption compared to gamma spectrometry laboratory measurements. In this study, the possibilities and limits offered byin situgamma spectrometry with a high-resolution gamma portable detector in two common uses are shown. First, the radiological background characterisation and its relationship with the geology of an area of 2700 km2are assessed. Second, its potential for monitoring man-made activity concentration in soils located around an operating nuclear power plant in Spain for surveillance purposes is evaluated. Finally, high-accuracy radiation maps were prepared from the measurements that were carried out. These radiation maps are essential tools to know the radioactive background of an area, especially useful to assess artificial radioactive deposits produced after a nuclear accident or incident.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Corbacho
- Laboratory of Environmental Radioactivity (LARUEX), University of Extremadura. C.P., 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Antonio Baeza
- Laboratory of Environmental Radioactivity (LARUEX), University of Extremadura. C.P., 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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Rašeta D, Petrinec B, Babić D, Šoštarić M. Application of a new in situ calibration technique for gamma spectrometry and comparison of in situ and laboratory measurements. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2021; 72:29-35. [PMID: 33787184 PMCID: PMC8191430 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ gamma ray spectrometry was developed to quickly measure large areas of land following nuclear accidents. However, a proper calibration of detectors for in situ measurements is a long and complicated process. One tool designed to make this calibration quick is the InSiCal software. We compared 5,000 s in situ measurements with two different HPGe detectors calibrated using the InSiCal software and laboratory measurements of samples collected at the same locations. Our findings suggest that in situ gamma spectrometry using InSiCal software can provide reasonably accurate data, but some improvements are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davor Rašeta
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branko Petrinec
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dinko Babić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Šoštarić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
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Zhang Y, Wu B, Liu D, Lv H, Feng X. Research on minimum detectable activity (MDA) of underwater gamma spectrometer for radioactivity measurement in the marine environment. Appl Radiat Isot 2019; 155:108917. [PMID: 31654880 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.108917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To improve the capability of underwater gamma spectrometer to quantify radiation levels slightly above the background radiation in the seawater, the minimum detection activity (MDA) and factors including the background count, detection efficiency and acquisition time were studied using Monte Carlo simulation and field experiments. The simulation results show that the crystal type selected in the spectrometer and its volume, enclosure materials of the spectrometer and its thickness all affect the marine detection efficiency in in-situ measurement, and thus determine MDA of the underwater gamma spectrometer. The acquisition time and the placement depth of the spectrometer in the seawater also affect the MDA in the in-situ measurement. Some research data and suggestions on design and use of underwater gamma spectrometer were presented, which are of guiding significance for the in-situ radioactivity measurement in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, No 37 Miaoling Road, 266061, Qingdao, China.
| | - Bingwei Wu
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, No 37 Miaoling Road, 266061, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongyan Liu
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, No 37 Miaoling Road, 266061, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongmin Lv
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, No 37 Miaoling Road, 266061, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiandong Feng
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Monitoring Techno1ogy, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, No 37 Miaoling Road, 266061, Qingdao, China
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Abdollahnejad H, Vosoughi N, Zare MR. Design and fabrication of an in situ gamma radioactivity measurement system for marine environment and its calibration with Monte Carlo method. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 114:87-91. [PMID: 27213808 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Simulation, design and fabrication of a sealing enclosure is carried out for a NaI(Tl) 2″×2″ detector, to be used as in situ gamma radioactivity measurement system in marine environment. Effect of sealing enclosure on performance of the system in laboratory and marine environment (distinct tank with 10m(3) volume) were studied using point sources. The marine volumetric efficiency for radiation with 1461keV energy (from (40)K) is measured with KCl volumetric liquid source diluted in distinct tank. The experimental and simulated efficiency values agreed well. Marine volumetric efficiency calibration curve is calculated for 60keV to 1461keV energy with Monte Carlo method. This curve indicates that efficiency increasing rapidly up to 140.5keV but then drops exponentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Abdollahnejad
- Faculty of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 8639-11365, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Naser Vosoughi
- Faculty of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 8639-11365, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zare
- Faculty of Physics, University of Isfahan, P.O. Box 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
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Capabilities of an on-site inspection. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-016-4708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Al-Masri MS, Doubal AW. Validation of in situ and laboratory gamma spectrometry measurements for determination of ²²⁶Ra, ⁴⁰K and ¹³⁷Cs in soil. Appl Radiat Isot 2013; 75:50-7. [PMID: 23455404 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In situ and laboratory gamma spectrometry methods for determination of (226)Ra, (40)K and (137)Cs in soil have been validated and compared. Minimum detectable activity, repeatability, and reproducibility were the main validation parameters. Results have shown that soil humidity lower the in situ measurement results in comparison to laboratory measurements. Measurement uncertainties were also estimated and compared for both techniques. Uncertainty due to soil humidity (55%) using the in situ measurement was the main contributor to the total uncertainty, while the uncertainty due to net counting (71%) using the laboratory measurements was the largest contributor to the total uncertainty value.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Al-Masri
- Department of Protection and Safety, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, PO Box 6091, Syria.
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Bagatelas C, Tsabaris C, Kokkoris M, Papadopoulos CT, Vlastou R. Determination of marine gamma activity and study of the minimum detectable activity (MDA) in 4pi geometry based on Monte Carlo simulation. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2010; 165:159-168. [PMID: 19421884 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-0935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 04/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Monte Carlo simulations were performed using the GEANT4 code for the investigation of gamma-ray absorption in water in different spherical geometries and of the efficiency of a NaI(Tl) detector for different radionuclides in the aquatic environment. In order to test the reliability of these simulations, experimental values of the NaI(Tl) detector efficiency were deduced and seem to be in good agreement with the simulated ones. In addition, using the simulated efficiency, an algorithm was developed to determine the minimum detectable activity in becquerels per cubic meter in situ as a function of energy for typical freshwater and seawater spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bagatelas
- Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavyssos, Greece
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