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Yang R, Mann AKP, Van Duong T, Ormes JD, Okoh GA, Hermans A, Taylor LS. Drug Release and Nanodroplet Formation from Amorphous Solid Dispersions: Insight into the Roles of Drug Physicochemical Properties and Polymer Selection. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2066-2081. [PMID: 33784104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dissolution of amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) can lead to the formation of amorphous drug-rich nano species (nanodroplets) via liquid-liquid phase separation or glass-liquid phase separation when the drug concentration exceeds the amorphous solubility. These nanodroplets have been shown to be beneficial for ASD performance both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, understanding the generation and stability of nanodroplets from ASD formulations is important. In this study, the impacts of polymer selection and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) physicochemical properties (wet glass transition temperature (Tg) and log P) on nanodroplet release were studied. Six APIs with different physicochemical properties were formulated as ASDs with two polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate (PVPVA) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS). Their release performance was evaluated using both powder and surface normalized dissolution of compacts. In general, HPMCAS-based dispersions resulted in higher drug release compared to PVPVA-based dispersions. The two polymers also exhibited different trends in nanodroplet formation as a function of drug loading (DL). PVPVA ASDs exhibited a "falling-off-the-cliff" effect, with a dramatic decline in release performance with a small increase in drug loading, while HPMCAS ASDs exhibited a negative "slope" in the release rate as a function of drug loading. For both polymers, low Tg compounds achieved higher levels of nanodroplet formation compared to high Tg compounds. The nanodroplets generated from ASD dissolution were also monitored with dynamic light scattering, and HPMCAS was found to be more effective at stabilizing nanodroplets against size increase. Insights from this study may be used to guide formulation design and selection of excipients based on API physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Yang
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Amanda K P Mann
- Merck & Co., Inc. 2000, Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Tu Van Duong
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - James D Ormes
- Merck & Co., Inc. 2000, Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Grace A Okoh
- Merck & Co., Inc. 2000, Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Andre Hermans
- Merck & Co., Inc. 2000, Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Xu W, Li T, Li G, Wu Y, Miyashita T. Novel polymeric nonionic photoacid generators and corresponding polymer Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films for photopatterning. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen B, Fang J, Cong Y, Shao D, Hu M, Wang J, Yang J, Gao H. Copolymerization of norbornene and methyl acrylate catalyzed by Nd(naph)3–Al(i-Bu)3. Polym Bull (Berl) 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-010-0437-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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