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Hobbs RS, Hall JR, Graham LA, Davies PL, Fletcher GL. Antifreeze protein dispersion in eelpouts and related fishes reveals migration and climate alteration within the last 20 Ma. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243273. [PMID: 33320906 PMCID: PMC7737890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antifreeze proteins inhibit ice growth and are crucial for the survival of supercooled fish living in icy seawater. Of the four antifreeze protein types found in fishes, the globular type III from eelpouts is the one restricted to a single infraorder (Zoarcales), which is the only clade know to have antifreeze protein-producing species at both poles. Our analysis of over 60 unique antifreeze protein gene sequences from several Zoarcales species indicates this gene family arose around 18 Ma ago, in the Northern Hemisphere, supporting recent data suggesting that the Arctic Seas were ice-laden earlier than originally thought. The Antarctic was subject to widespread glaciation over 30 Ma and the Notothenioid fishes that produce an unrelated antifreeze glycoprotein extensively exploited the adjoining seas. We show that species from one Zoarcales family only encroached on this niche in the last few Ma, entering an environment already dominated by ice-resistant fishes, long after the onset of glaciation. As eelpouts are one of the dominant benthic fish groups of the deep ocean, they likely migrated from the north to Antarctica via the cold depths, losing all but the fully active isoform gene along the way. In contrast, northern species have retained both the fully active (QAE) and partially active (SP) isoforms for at least 15 Ma, which suggests that the combination of isoforms is functionally advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rod S. Hobbs
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Jennifer R. Hall
- Aquatic Research Cluster, CREAIT Network, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Laurie A. Graham
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter L. Davies
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Garth L. Fletcher
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
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Tiny but Fatty: Lipids and Fatty Acids in the Daubed Shanny ( Leptoclinus Maculatus), a Small Fish in Svalbard Waters. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030368. [PMID: 32121136 PMCID: PMC7175246 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The seasonal dynamic of lipids and their fatty acid constituents in the lipid sac and muscles of pelagic postlarval Leptoclinus maculatus, an ecologically important fish species in the Arctic food nets, in Kongsfjord, Svalbard waters was studied. The determination of the qualitative and quantitative content of the total lipids (TLs), total phospholipids (PLs), triacylglycerols (TAGs), cholesterol (Chol), cholesterol esters (Chol esters) and wax esters was analyzed by TLC, the phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and sphingomyelin (SM) were determined by HPLC, and fatty acids of total lipids using GC. The lipid sac is a system of cavities filled with lipids, and it is not directly connected to organs of the digestive system. The wall’s inner layer is a multinuclear symplast that has a trophic function. The results provide additional knowledge on the role of lipids in the biochemical and physiological adaptation of fish to specific environments and clarify the relationship between fatty acids and the food specialization of postlarvae. Analysis of the fatty acid (FA) profile of TLs in the muscles and lipid sac of daubed shanny pelagic postlarvae showed it to be tissue- and organ-specific, and tightly associated with seasonal variations of environmental factors (temperature conditions and trophic resources).
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Yamazaki A, Nishimiya Y, Tsuda S, Togashi K, Munehara H. Freeze Tolerance in Sculpins (Pisces; Cottoidea) Inhabiting North Pacific and Arctic Oceans: Antifreeze Activity and Gene Sequences of the Antifreeze Protein. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040139. [PMID: 30959891 PMCID: PMC6523315 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many marine species inhabiting icy seawater produce antifreeze proteins (AFPs) to prevent their body fluids from freezing. The sculpin species of the superfamily Cottoidea are widely found from the Arctic to southern hemisphere, some of which are known to express AFP. Here we clarified DNA sequence encoding type I AFP for 3 species of 2 families (Cottidae and Agonidae) belonging to Cottoidea. We also examined antifreeze activity for 3 families and 32 species of Cottoidea (Cottidae, Agonidae, and Rhamphocottidae). These fishes were collected in 2013–2015 from the Arctic Ocean, Alaska, Japan. We could identify 8 distinct DNA sequences exhibiting a high similarity to those reported for Myoxocephalus species, suggesting that Cottidae and Agonidae share the same DNA sequence encoding type I AFP. Among the 3 families, Rhamphocottidae that experience a warm current did not show antifreeze activity. The species inhabiting the Arctic Ocean and Northern Japan that often covered with ice floe showed high activity, while those inhabiting Alaska, Southern Japan with a warm current showed low/no activity. These results suggest that Cottoidea acquires type I AFP gene before dividing into Cottidae and Agonidae, and have adapted to each location with optimal antifreeze activity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yamazaki
- Nanae Fresh-Water Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Nanae Town Kameda-gun 041-1105, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyuki Nishimiya
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan.
| | - Sakae Tsuda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan.
| | - Koji Togashi
- Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Munehara
- Usujiri Fisheries Station, Field Science Center of Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Hakodate 041-1613, Japan.
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Li Y, Feng J, Song P, Zhang N, Li H, Lin L. Complete mitochondrial genome characteristics and phylogenetic position of Lycodes brevipes Bean, 1890. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1561230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Ji Feng
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Puqing Song
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Hai Li
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Longshan Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, P.R. China
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Song N, Lin A, Zhao X. Insight into higher-level phylogeny of Neuropterida: Evidence from secondary structures of mitochondrial rRNA genes and mitogenomic data. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191826. [PMID: 29381758 PMCID: PMC5790268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the rRNA structure information is important to assist phylogenetic analysis through identifying homologous positions to improve alignment accuracy. In addition, the secondary structure of some conserved motifs is highly stable among distantly related taxa, which can provide potentially informative characters for estimating phylogeny. In this paper, we applied the high-throughput pooled sequencing approach to the determination of neuropteran mitogenomes. Four complete mitogenome sequences were obtained: Micromus angulatus (Hemerobiidae), Chrysoperla nipponensis (Chrysopidae), Rapisma sp. (Ithonidae), and Thaumatosmylus sp. (Osmylidae). This allowed us to sample more complete mitochondrial RNA gene sequences. Secondary structure diagrams for the complete mitochondrial small and large ribosomal subunit RNA genes of eleven neuropterid species were predicted. Comparative analysis of the secondary structures indicated a closer relationship of Megaloptera and Neuroptera. This result was congruent with the resulting phylogeny inferred from sequence alignments of all 37 mitochondrial genes, namely the hypothesis of (Raphidioptera + (Megaloptera + Neuroptera)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Song
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aili Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xincheng Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Turanov SV, Kartavtsev YP, Lee YH, Jeong D. Molecular phylogenetic reconstruction and taxonomic investigation of eelpouts (Cottoidei: Zoarcales) based on Co-1 and Cyt-b mitochondrial genes. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 28:547-557. [PMID: 27159708 DOI: 10.3109/24701394.2016.1155117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The infraorder Zoarcales (Cottoidei), or eelpouts, includes about 400 species of coldwater fishes concentrated mainly in the North Pacific. To date, the molecular phylogenetic methods in combination with morphological data have significantly contributed to understanding the taxonomic composition of this group and made it possible to confirm/refute validity of some families of obscure origin. In spite of the growing amount of new data on taxonomy and evolution of eelpouts, a consideration of the original and independent data is obviously needed to verify the existing knowledge of this taxon. In this study, which is based on concatenated matrix of Co-1 and Cyt-b mitochondrial genes, as well as relying on the samples from seven families and 45 species of eelpouts, we have reconstructed the phylogeny, which is generally consistent with previous inferences. Despite the resolution of the original data matrix is low, we have demonstrated the monophyletic origin of the families Zoarcidae and Anarhichadidae, as well as Neozoarcidae, previously related to Stichaeidae and recently revised Eulophiidae. The polyphyletic patterns amongst some subfamilies in Stichaeidae have been confirmed, whereas Opisthocentrinae and Pholidae seem to constitute a valid family-level taxon. Our results provide new opportunities with respect to taxonomic relationships in the complex and diverse group of eelpouts , whose part in the tree of life is not covered by recently flourishing multilocus phylogeny of teleost fishes. In light of the data obtained, the necessity of more unified and reproducible approaches to resolve the issues of evolution and taxonomy of such a complex group as Zoarcales becomes more evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Turanov
- a A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia.,e Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Yu Ph Kartavtsev
- a A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia.,b Chair of Biodiversity and Marine Bioresources , Far Eastern Federal University , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Y H Lee
- c Marine Ecosystem Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology , Haean-Ro , Sangnok-Gu, Ansan , Republic of Korea.,d Department of Marine Biology , University of Science and Technology , Gajeong-Dong , Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - D Jeong
- c Marine Ecosystem Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology , Haean-Ro , Sangnok-Gu, Ansan , Republic of Korea.,d Department of Marine Biology , University of Science and Technology , Gajeong-Dong , Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon , Republic of Korea
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Radchenko OA. The system of the suborder Zoarcoidei (Pisces, Perciformes) as inferred from molecular genetic data. RUSS J GENET+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795415100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kristmundsson A, Freeman MA. Sphaeromyxids form part of a diverse group of myxosporeans infecting the hepatic biliary systems of a wide range of host organisms. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6:51. [PMID: 23452895 PMCID: PMC3626897 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 40 species of Sphaeromyxa have been described, all of which are coelozoic parasites from gall bladders of marine fish. They are unique amongst the myxosporeans as they have polar filaments that are flat and folded instead of being tubular and spirally wound. This unusual feature was used as a subordinal character to erect the suborder Sphaeromyxina, which contains one family, the Sphaeromyxidae, and a single genus Sphaeromyxa. Methods In the present study, we examine eelpout from the genus Lycodes from Iceland for the presence of myxosporean parasites in the gall bladder and perform morphological and DNA studies. Results A novel myxosporean, Sphaeromyxa lycodi n. sp., was identified in the gall bladders of five of the six species of Lycodes examined, with a prevalence ranging from 29 - 100%. The coelozoic plasmodia are large, polysporous and contain disporic pansporoblasts and mature spores which are arcuate. The pyriform polar capsules encase long and irregularly folded ribbon-like polar filaments. Each spore valve has two distinct ends and an almost 180° twist along the relatively indistinct suture line. The single sporoplasm is granular with two nuclei. Sphaeromyxa lycodi is phylogenetically related to other arcuate sphaeromyxids and is reproducibly placed with all known sphaeromyxids and forms part of a robustly supported clade of numerous myxosporean genera which infect the hepatic biliary systems of a wide range of hosts. Conclusions Sphaeromyxa lycodi is a common gall bladder myxosporean in eelpout of the genus Lycodes from Northern Iceland. It has characteristics typical of the genus and develops arcuate spores. Molecular phylogenetic analyses confirm that sphaeromyxids form a monophyletic group, subdivided into straight and arcuate spore forms, within the hepatic biliary clade that infect a wide range of freshwater associated animals. The ancestral spore form for the hepatic biliary clade was probably a Chloromyxum morphotype; however, sphaeromyxids have more recently evolved from an ancestor with a spindle-shaped Myxidium spore form. We recommend that the suborder Sphaeromyxina is suppressed; however, we retain the family Sphaeromyxidae and place it in the suborder Variisporina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arni Kristmundsson
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v/ Vesturlandsveg, 112, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Yu JN, Han SH, Kim BH, Kryukov AP, Kim S, Lee BY, Kwak M. Insights into Korean red fox (Vulpes vulpes) based on mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence variation in East Asia. Zoolog Sci 2013; 29:753-60. [PMID: 23106560 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.29.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the most widely distributed terrestrial carnivore in the world, occurring throughout most of North America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa. In South Korea, however, this species has been drastically reduced due to habitat loss and poaching. Consequently, it is classified as an endangered species in Korea. As a first step of a planned red fox restoration project, preserved red fox museum specimens were used to determine the genetic status of red foxes that had previously inhabited South Korea against red foxes from neighboring countries. Total eighty three mtDNA cytochrome b sequences, including 22 newly obtained East Asian red fox sequences and worldwide red fox sequences from NCBI, were clustered into three clades (i.e., I, II, and III) based on haplotype network and neighbor-joining trees. The mean genetic distance between clades was 2.0%. Clade III contained South Korean and other East Asian samples in addition to Eurasian and North Pacific individuals. In clade III, South Korean individuals were separated into two lineages of Eurasian and North Pacific groups, showing unclear phylogeographic structuring and admixture. This suggests that South Korean red fox populations may have been composed of individuals from these two different genetic lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Nam Yu
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, lncheon, Korea
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McCusker MR, Denti D, Guelpen L, Kenchington E, Bentzen P. Barcoding Atlantic Canada's commonly encountered marine fishes. Mol Ecol Resour 2012; 13:177-88. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. R. McCusker
- University of Toronto at Scarborough 1265 Military Trail Toronto Ontario Canada M1C‐A4
| | - D. Denti
- Department of Biology Life Sciences Centre Dalhousie University 1355 Oxford Street PO BOX 15000 Halifax Nova Scotia Canada B3H 4R2
| | - L. Guelpen
- Atlantic Reference Centre Huntsman Marine Science Centre 1 Lower Campus Road St. Andrews New Brunswick Canada E5B 2L7
| | - E. Kenchington
- Department of Fisheries and Oceans Bedford Institute of Oceanography 1 Challenger Drive Dartmouth Nova Scotia Canada B2Y 4A2
| | - P. Bentzen
- Department of Biology Life Sciences Centre Dalhousie University 1355 Oxford Street PO BOX 15000 Halifax Nova Scotia Canada B3H 4R2
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An HS, Kim MJ, Lee JW, Lee WO. Molecular identification of Korean catfish (Siluriformes) based on two genetic markers. Genes Genomics 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-012-0131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ghigliotti L, Møller P, Cheng CH, Christiansen J, Fevolden SE, Pisano E. Exploring the diversity of Arctic eelpouts: First cytogenetic data on species of the genus Lycodes (Teleostei, Zoarcidae). Mar Genomics 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Baharum SN, Nurdalila AA. Application of 16s rDNA and cytochrome b ribosomal markers in studies of lineage and fish populations structure of aquatic species. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:5225-32. [PMID: 22167328 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The most economically important form of aquaculture is fish farming, which is an industry that accounts for an ever increasing share of world fishery production. Molecular markers can be used to enhance the productivity of the aquaculture and fish industries to meet the increasing demand. Molecular markers can be identified via a DNA test regardless of the developmental stage, age or environmental challenges experienced by the organism. The application of 16s and cytochrome b markers has enabled rapid progress in investigations of genetic variability and inbreeding, parentage assignments, species and strain identification and the construction of high resolution genetic linkage maps for aquaculture fisheries. In this review, the advantages of principles and potential power tools of 16s and cytochrome b markers are discussed. Main findings in term of trend, aspects and debates on the reviewed issue made from the model of aquatic species for the benefit of aquaculture genomics and aquaculture genetics research are discussed. The concepts in this review are illustrated with various research examples and results that relate theory to reality and provide a strong review of the current status of these biotechnology topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Hildebrandt N, Bergmann M, Knust R. Longevity and growth efficiency of two deep-dwelling Arctic zoarcids and comparison with eight other zoarcid species from different climatic regions. Polar Biol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-011-1011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Radchenko OA, Petrovskaya AV, Nazarkin MV, Chereshnev IA, Chegodaeva EA. Relationships of eelpouts of the genus Zoarces (Zoarcidae, Pisces) inferred from molecular genetic and morphological data. RUSS J GENET+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795410110104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Stevenson D, Sheiko B. Clarification of the Lycodes diapterus Species Complex (Perciformes: Zoarcidae), with Comments on the Subgenus Furcimanus. COPEIA 2009. [DOI: 10.1643/ci-08-069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Radchenko OA, Chereshnev IA, Petrovskaya AV, Nazarkin MV, Chegodaeva EA. Nucleotide sequence variation of the mitochondrial COI gene in several eelpout species of the genus Zoarces (Zoarcidae, Pisces). RUSS J GENET+ 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795408070077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Radchenko OA, Chereshnev IA, Nazarkin MV, Petrovskaya AV, Chegodaeva EA. Restriction fragment variation of the mitochondrial gene of cytochrome b in some taxa of the Eelpout Family (Pisces, Perciformes, Zoarcidae) from the northern Sea of Okhotsk. RUSS J GENET+ 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795408010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Knudsen SW, Møller PR, Gravlund P. Phylogeny of the snailfishes (Teleostei: Liparidae) based on molecular and morphological data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2007; 44:649-66. [PMID: 17544302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2007.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2006] [Revised: 03/29/2007] [Accepted: 04/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Liparidae (snailfishes) is one of the most diverse and abundant fish families in polar and deep-sea habitats. However, the evolution of this family is poorly known because of the rarity of many species and difficulties in scoring morphological characters. We perform phylogenetic analyses of Liparidae using sequences from two mtDNA genes, 16S (585 bp) and cytochrome b (426 bp), and 84 morphological characters from 24 species of Liparidae and 4 species of Cyclopteridae (outgroup). The present study confirms earlier hypotheses that the shallow-water genera, such as Liparis and Crystallichthys, occupy basal positions and that deep-water genera, such as Careproctus, Elassodiscus, Rhinoliparis, Paraliparis, Rhodichthys and Psednos, are increasingly derived. The later two genera form a terminal clade which does not include Paraliparis. The topology shows that the family has undergone a reductive type of evolution, with a gradual loss of characters (e.g. sucking disc/pelvic fins, pseudobranchial filaments, skin spinules). Nectoliparis, which had previously been placed either as the basal most genus or among the most derived genera, are found to occupy the most basal position among the taxa analyzed. This result indicates that the sucking disc has been lost at least twice during the evolution of the Liparidae. The basal position of Nectoliparis is supported by its plesiomorphic otolith morphology, whereas an advanced overgrown otolith ostium, unique among teleosts, is found to be apomorphic for a clade containing the derived genera: Paraliparis, Psednos, Rhinoliparis and Rhodichthys. We also identify the presence of probable nuclear inserts of mitochondrial DNA (Numts) in three species of Careproctus and in Elassodiscus caudatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Knudsen
- Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100-DK Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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Kartavtsev YP, Lee JS. Analysis of nucleotide diversity at the cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase 1 genes at the population, species, and genus levels. RUSS J GENET+ 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795406040016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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