1
|
Smith MH, Mintline M. Acute Immune-Mediated Lesions of the Oral Cavity. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2023; 35:247-259. [PMID: 37019507 DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Although acute immune-mediated lesions of the oral cavity (AIML) can have an onset over several months, they often demonstrate rapid onset and can be self-limited. Despite the self-limiting nature of some disorders, patients with AIML can have significant pain and multisystem involvement. It is vital for the oral health care provider to arrive at the proper diagnosis with distinction from overlapping conditions, as the oral manifestations may be harbingers of more serious systemic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molly Housley Smith
- Pathology and Cytology Laboratory, 290 Big Run Road, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.
| | - Mark Mintline
- WesternU Health Oral Pathology, 701 East 2nd Street, Room 3204, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Isaksson M, Rustemeyer T, Antelmi A. Contact Allergy to Dental Materials and Implants. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
3
|
Abstract
Allergic contact hypersensitivity reactions of the oral mucosa pose a significant medical concern for some patients. Oral hypersensitivity reactions can result from a vast number of allergenic chemicals, but occur commonly from dental materials, flavorings, and preservatives. Clinical presentation is varied and often overlaps with other oral conditions, complicating their diagnosis and management. The most common clinical entities associated with oral hypersensitivity reactions are oral lichenoid reactions and allergic contact cheilitis. In addition to reviewing these conditions and their most common corresponding allergens, this article summarizes the pathogenesis of oral hypersensitivity reactions and addresses patch testing pearls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric T Stoopler
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Penn Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Room 206, Schattner Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Glen H Crawford
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, 822 Pine Street Suite 2A, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dental Materials and Implants. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_39-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
5
|
Isaksson M, Rustemeyer T, Antelmi A. Contact Allergy to Dental Materials and Implants. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_39-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
6
|
Melis M, Di Giosia M, Colloca L. Ancillary factors in the treatment of orofacial pain: A topical narrative review. J Oral Rehabil 2018; 46:200-207. [PMID: 30326154 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ancillary factors, not directly related to treatment, often play a significant role by affecting therapeutic outcome. A search of the literature was conducted including words related to the placebo phenomenon and orofacial diseases. Therefore, critical factors have been grouped into three major categories: (a) the natural course of the diseases; (b) the regression of the symptoms to their mean intensity; and (c) placebo response. This topical narrative review describes the elements mentioned above, provides an up-to-date overview of the hot topics and gaps in the field and indicates developing and future research direction of the orofacial pain field. Such a knowledge might be positively used during daily clinical practice to optimise the management of orofacial pain diseases, as well as in conducting future clinical trials for validating new interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Melis
- Private practice, Cagliari, Italy.,School of Dentistry, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Di Giosia
- Orofacial Pain Clinic, Department of Endodontics, Center for Pain Research and Innovation, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Luana Colloca
- Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science & Department of Anesthesiology, School of Nursing/School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Minciullo PL, Paolino G, Vacca M, Gangemi S, Nettis E. Unmet diagnostic needs in contact oral mucosal allergies. Clin Mol Allergy 2016; 14:10. [PMID: 27587983 PMCID: PMC5007719 DOI: 10.1186/s12948-016-0047-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral mucosa including the lips is constantly exposed to several noxious stimuli, irritants and allergens. However, oral contact pathologies are not frequently seen because of the relative resistance of the oral mucosa to irritant agents and allergens due to anatomical and physiological factors. The spectrum of signs and symptoms of oral contact allergies (OCA) is broad and a large number of condition can be the clinical expression of OCA such as allergic contact stomatitis, allergic contact cheilitis, geographic tongue, oral lichenoid reactions, burning mouth syndrome. The main etiological factors causing OCA are dental materials, food and oral hygiene products, as they contain flavouring agents and preservatives. The personal medical history of the patient is helpful to perform a diagnosis, as a positive history for recent dental procedures. Sometimes histology is mandatory. When it cannot identify a direct cause of a substance, in both acute and chronic OCA, patch tests can play a pivotal role in the diagnosis. However, patch tests might have several pitfalls. Indeed, the presence of metal ions as haptens and specifically the differences in their concentrations in oral mucosa and in standard preparation for patch testing and in the differences in pH of the medium might result in either false positive/negative reactions or non-specific irritative reactions. Another limitation of patch test results is the difficulty to assess the clinical relevance of haptens contained in dental materials and only the removal of dental materials or the avoidance of other contactant and consequent improvement of the disease may demonstrate the haptens' responsibility. In conclusion, the wide spectrum of clinical presentations, the broad range of materials and allergens which can cause it, the difficult interpretation of patch-test results, the clinical relevance assessment of haptens found positive at patch test are the main factors that make sometimes difficult the diagnosis and the management of OCA that requires an interdisciplinary approach to the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Lucia Minciullo
- School and Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital “G. Martino”, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Maddalena Vacca
- Section of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital “G. Martino”, Messina, Italy
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), Messina Unit, Messina, Italy
| | - Eustachio Nettis
- Section of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
The diagnosis and treatment of mucosal disease with an allergic pathogenesis are challenging. Oral allergy is often a hypersensitivity reaction with variable symptoms and physical exam findings. Clinical diagnosis requires a history of prior allergen exposure, a delay from exposure to clinical findings, and improvement following allergen removal. The past decades have seen great contributions to the field of oral allergy. The aim of this review is to provide an approach to the diagnosis and treatment of oral dermatologic disease with a focus on diseases with an investigated allergic pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Only a few cases of contact allergic gastritis in patients with nickel allergy have been reported in the literature. We report a case of probable contact-allergic gastritis in a 46-year-old woman. Clinical examination revealed lichenoid mucosal lesions of the gums adjacent to a bridge and crowns that had been implanted several weeks previously. Since implantation, the patient suffered from gastrointestinal complaints including stomach pain. Gastroscopy and histological investigation of stomach biopsies showed eosinophilic gastritis. Patch testing done under the diagnosis of contact allergic stomatitis showed positive reactions to gold sodium thiosulphate, manganese (II) chloride, nickel (II) sulphate, palladium chloride, vanadium (III) chloride, zirconium (IV) chloride, and fragrances. The crowns and the bridge contained gold, palladium, and zirconium, hence they were replaced by titan-based dentition. Shortly after replacing the artificial dentition, all gastrointestinal symptoms resolved spontaneously without further treatment. Delayed-type allergy to components in the artificial dentition seem to have caused the gastritis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rashid H, Sheikh Z, Vohra F. Allergic effects of the residual monomer used in denture base acrylic resins. Eur J Dent 2016; 9:614-619. [PMID: 26929705 PMCID: PMC4745248 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.172621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Denture base resins are extensively used in dentistry for a variety of purposes. These materials can be classified as chemical, heat, light, and microwave polymerization materials depending upon the factor which starts the polymerization reaction. Their applications include use during denture base construction, relining existing dentures, and for fabrication of orthodontic removable appliances. There have been increased concerns regarding the safe clinical application of these materials as their biodegradation in the oral environment leads to harmful effects. Along with local side effects, the materials have certain occupational hazards, and numerous studies can be found in the literature mentioning those. The purpose of this article is to outline the cytotoxic consequences of denture base acrylic resins and clinical recommendations for their use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Rashid
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Sheikh
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gingiva Equivalents Secrete Negligible Amounts of Key Chemokines Involved in Langerhans Cell Migration Compared to Skin Equivalents. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:627125. [PMID: 26539556 PMCID: PMC4619927 DOI: 10.1155/2015/627125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both oral mucosa and skin have the capacity to maintain immune homeostasis or regulate immune responses upon environmental assault. Whereas much is known about key innate immune events in skin, little is known about oral mucosa. Comparative studies are limited due to the scarce supply of oral mucosa for ex vivo studies. Therefore, we used organotypic tissue equivalents (reconstructed epithelium on fibroblast-populated collagen hydrogel) to study cross talk between cells. Oral mucosa and skin equivalents were compared regarding secretion of cytokines and chemokines involved in LC migration and general inflammation. Basal secretion, representative of homeostasis, and also secretion after stimulation with TNFα, an allergen (cinnamaldehyde), or an irritant (SDS) were assessed. We found that proinflammatory IL-18 and chemokines CCL2, CCL20, and CXCL12, all involved in LC migration, were predominantly secreted by skin as compared to gingiva. Furthermore, CCL27 was predominantly secreted by skin whereas CCL28 was predominantly secreted by gingiva. In contrast, general inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and CXCL8 were secreted similarly by skin and gingiva. These results indicate that the cytokines and chemokines triggering innate immunity and LC migration are different in skin and gingiva. This differential regulation should be figured into novel therapy or vaccination strategies in the context of skin versus mucosa.
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Background: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a burning or sore mouth in the absence of changes in the oral mucosa. It is often difficult to diagnose and treat. Numerous theories of the etiology have been suggested, including contact allergy. Objective: To determine the clinical utility of patch testing in patients with BMS. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients diagnosed with BMS who had patch testing performed between January 1, 2008, and July 31, 2012. Results: Of 142 consecutive patients with BMS, 132 consented to patch testing; 89 (67%) had allergic patch test reactions. Of the patients with positive results, 66 (74%) had results that were deemed to have possible relevance. The most common allergens detected were nickel sulfate 2.5%, dodecyl gallate 0.3%, octyl gallate 0.3%, fragrance mix 8%, benzoyl peroxide 1%, and cinnamic alcohol 1%. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that contact allergy may be an etiologic factor in some patients with BMS. Patch testing is a useful investigation for BMS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie B. Lynde
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, ON
- Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Etobicoke Campus, Etobicoke, ON
| | - Miriam Grushka
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, ON
- Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Etobicoke Campus, Etobicoke, ON
| | - Scott R.A. Walsh
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, ON
- Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Etobicoke Campus, Etobicoke, ON
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Calapai G, Miroddi M, Mannucci C, Minciullo PL, Gangemi S. Oral adverse reactions due to cinnamon-flavoured chewing gums consumption. Oral Dis 2013; 20:637-43. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Calapai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Messina; Messina Italy
- Operative Unit of Clinical Pharmacology; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘G. Martino’; Messina Italy
| | - M Miroddi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - C Mannucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - PL Minciullo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Messina; Messina Italy
- Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘G. Martino’; Messina Italy
| | - S Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Messina; Messina Italy
- Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘G. Martino’; Messina Italy
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology ‘A. Monroy’ (IBIM); Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR); Palermo Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a sore or burning mouth associated with clinically normal oral mucosa present a difficult diagnostic challenge. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the value of patch testing in patients with burning mouth syndrome. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the results of patch testing to an oral series in patients with burning mouth syndrome seen at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, between January 2000 and April 2006. RESULTS Of 195 consecutive patients with a burning or sore mouth, 75 had patch testing to an oral series, and 28 of these patients (37.3%) had allergic patch test reactions. The most common allergens were nickel sulfate hexahydrate 2.5%, balsam of Peru, and gold sodium thiosulfate 0.5%. On follow-up, 15 patients reported improvement, 4 removed or avoided the offending dental metal, and 6 avoided the dietary allergen. Thirteen patients did not improve; 6 avoided identified allergens, but without improvement; 1 removed dental metals without symptom change; and 5 avoided test-positive dietary allergens but without improvement. The remaining 7 nonresponders had nonrelevant patch test results or did not avoid allergens. CONCLUSIONS Patch testing can identify patients who may be allergic to dental metals or dietary additives and who may benefit from removal or avoidance of these.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ahlgren C, Axéll T, Möller H, Isaksson M, Liedholm R, Bruze M. Contact allergies to potential allergens in patients with oral lichen lesions. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:227-37. [PMID: 23455574 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-0950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present controlled study was to investigate a possible relationship between contact allergies to potential allergens and oral lichen lesions. METHODS Eighty-three patients with oral lichen lesions (OLL) and control groups of age- and gender-matched dermatitis patients (DP, n = 83) and patch-tested dermatitis patients randomly selected from files (PSFF, n = 319) were included in the study. OLL and DP groups were patch-tested epicutaneously and examined intraorally. RESULTS The frequencies of contact allergy to mercury and carvone were statistically higher in the OLL group than in the DP group. Surfaces of amalgam and composite restorations were statistically more frequent in the OLL group compared to the DP group. Contact allergy to nickel and colophony, the latter with a statistically significant difference, was more common in the DP group. The numerical difference found for nickel allergy was, however, not significant comparing the OLL and PSFF groups. CONCLUSION Contact allergy to mercury was overrepresented in patients with OLL and has been reported in previous studies, but the present finding of an overrepresentation of contact allergy to carvone in patients with oral lichen lesions has not been reported previously. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Carvone, in addition to mercury and gold, as previously suggested, can be one of the causative or maintenant factors for oral lichen lesions. Carvone-hypersensitive patients with oral lichen lesions should therefore avoid carvone-containing products for oral use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Ahlgren
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Carl Gustafs väg 34, 205 06, Malmö, Sweden,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pföhler C, Körner R, Vogt T, Müller CSL. Contact allergic gastritis: an underdiagnosed entity? BMJ Case Rep 2012. [PMID: 23192576 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-006916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a few cases of contact allergic gastritis in patients with nickel allergy have been reported. We report a case of probable contact-allergic gastritis in a 46-year-old woman. Clinical examination revealed lichenoid mucosal lesions of the gums adjacent to bridges and crowns that had been implanted several weeks back. Since implantation, the patient had suffered from gastrointestinal complaints (including stomach pain). Gastroscopy showed eosinophilic gastritis. Patch testing done under the diagnosis of contact allergic stomatitis showed positive reactions to: gold sodium thiosulphate; manganese (II) chloride; nickel (II) sulphate; palladium chloride; vanadium (III) chloride and zirconium (IV) chloride. The crowns and bridge contained gold, palladium and zirconium chloride, hence they were replaced by titan-based dentition. Shortly after replacing the artificial dentition, all gastrointestinal symptoms resolved spontaneously without further treatment. Delayed-type allergy against the components of artificial dentition seemed to be the cause of gastritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pföhler
- Department of Dermatology, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Georgakopoulou EA. Cinnamon contact stomatitis. J Dermatol Case Rep 2011; 4:28-9. [PMID: 21886744 DOI: 10.3315/jdcr.2010.1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinnamon contact stomatitis (CCS) is a rare reaction to the use of products containing artificial cinnamon flavor ingredients. Such products are gums, toothpastes and mouthwashes. MAIN OBSERVATIONS A 20-year-old female patient presented with white elevated mucosal patches in the right lateral board of her tongue. Based on anamnesis, the intitial diagnosis of allergy to cinnamon gum was established. Clinical differential diagnosis included hairy leukoplakia, leukoplakia and lichenoid reaction. The patient was advised to completely avoid the use of cinnamon flavoured chewing gums. On re-examination later she had a normal tongue appearance. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians who treat patients with oral conditions should be aware of CCS in order to be able to correctly diagnose and manage this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni A Georgakopoulou
- 1st Dermatology University Clinic "A. Sygros" Hospital, Medical School University of Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Pigatto PD, Cesarani A, Barozzi S, Guzzi G. Positive response to nickel and azathioprine treatment. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22:891. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
21
|
Biocina-Lukenda D, Gregurek-Novak T, Cekic-Arambasin A. Denture stomatitis associated with allergic reaction to teeth prostheses. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2004; 18:227-9. [PMID: 15009316 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00874.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
Abstract
Contact stomatitis is inflammation or pain of the oral mucosa due to both irritant and allergic substances. Irritants include heat, frictional trauma, and chemicals. Oral flavorings, preservatives, and dental materials are common allergens. Simplification of oral care and avoidance of contactants is the primary mode of therapy. Patch testing to a broad series of antigens may be required to identify specific causes of allergic contact stomatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W LeSueur
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
A 71-year-old edentulous man developed a severely painful red mouth at sites of contact with a new denture. Patch testing showed allergy to samples of the denture material and to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Patch testing to methyl methacrylate was negative. Prolonged boiling of the denture resulted in reversal of his symptoms and samples of this fully cured denture material produced negative patch tests. While allergy to acrylates is a rare cause of stomatitis, this possibility must be considered in patients presenting with oral symptoms. Material safety data sheets are unreliable in providing information regarding the type of acrylate present in the material. Hence, patch testing should be performed with a battery of acrylate allergens as well as with small samples of the denture material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Koutis
- Skin and Cancer Foundation, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|