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Studies on Upgradation of Waste Fish Oil to Lipid-Rich Yeast Biomass in Yarrowia lipolytica Batch Cultures. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020436. [PMID: 33671224 PMCID: PMC7922964 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility to utilize a fish waste oil issued from the industrial smoking process in nitrogen-limited Yarrowia lipolytica yeast batch cultures. The waste carbon source was utilized by the yeast and stimulated the single cell oil production via an ex novo pathway. The yeast biomass contained lipids up to 0.227 g/g d.m.. Independently from culture conditions, high contents of very long chain fatty acids were quantified in yeast biomass including docosahexaenoic (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), eicosenic and erucic acids. The pH regulation did not influence the cellular lipids yield (0.234 g/g d.m.). Meanwhile, the intensification of the oxygenation of medium by changing the mixing speed (maximum concentration of lipids produced 4.64 g/dm3) and decreasing the amount of inoculum had a positive effect on the culture parameters in waste fish oil medium. Further work on upgradation of the original waste is advisable, especially because the oil indicated high content of polyphenols and lower susceptibility to oxidation than microbial oil derived from control olive oil medium.
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Yan W, Gao H, Qian X, Jiang Y, Zhou J, Dong W, Xin F, Zhang W, Jiang M. Biotechnological applications of the non-conventional yeast Meyerozyma guilliermondii. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 46:107674. [PMID: 33276074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Unconventional yeasts have attracted increased attentions owning to their unique biochemical properties and potential application in the biotechnological process. With the rapid development of microbial isolation tools and synthetic biology, more promising industrial yeasts have been isolated and characterized. Meyerozyma guilliermondii (anamorph Candida guilliermondii) is an ascomycetous yeast with several unique characteristics and physiology, such as the wide substrates spectrum and capability of various chemicals synthesis. The potential physiological and metabolic capabilities of M. guilliermondii, which can utilize various carbon sources including typical hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials were first reviewed in this review. Moreover, the wide applications of M. guilliermondii, such as for industrial enzymes production, metabolites synthesis and biocontrol were also reviewed. With the development of system and synthetic biology, M. guilliermondii will provide new opportunities for potential applications in biotechnology sectors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Hao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yujia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China.
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Rodríguez M, G Rebollar P, Mattioli S, Castellini C. n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9100806. [PMID: 31618904 PMCID: PMC6827073 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review compares the effects of different n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) sources on biological activity, physiological/reproductive endpoints, and health implications with a special emphasis on a rabbit case study. Linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) are members of two classes of PUFAs, namely the n-6 and n-3 series, which are required for normal human health. Both are considered precursors of a cascade of molecules (eicosanoids), which take part in many biological processes (inflammation, vasoconstriction/vasodilation, thromboregulation, etc.). However, their biological functions are opposite and are mainly related to the form (precursor or long-chain products) in which they were administered and to the enzyme-substrate preference. ALA is widely present in common vegetable oils and foods, marine algae, and natural herbs, whereas its long-chain PUFA derivatives are available mainly in fish and animal product origins. Recent studies have shown that the accumulation of n-3 PUFAs seems mostly to be tissue-dependent and acts in a tissue-selective manner. Furthermore, dietary n-3 PUFAs widely affect the lipid oxidation susceptibility of all tissues. In conclusion, sustainable sources of n-3 PUFAs are limited and exert a different effect about (1) the form in which they are administered, precursor or derivatives; (2) their antioxidant protections; and (3) the purpose to be achieved (health improvement, physiological and reproductive traits, metabolic pathways, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rodríguez
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pilar G Rebollar
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
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Tang Q, He G, Huang J, Wu C, Jin Y, Zhou R. Characterizing Relationship of Microbial Diversity and Metabolite in Sichuan Xiaoqu. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:696. [PMID: 31031717 PMCID: PMC6473189 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Xiaoqu is a fermentation starter used in the production of Xiaoqu jiu, which is also a traditional Chinese liquor. The quality and microbial community characteristics of Xiaoqu is closely related with the yield and flavor feature of fresh Xiaoqu jiu. The present study aims to explore the mystery behind microbial diversity and volatiles of Xiaoqu through polyphasic detection methods such as the Illumina MiSeq platform and the metabolite analyzing method. Results showed that differences in microbial community diversity among samples were significant. The hydrolytic ability was positively correlated with α- and β-diversity of bacteria, but negatively correlated with that of fungi. Staphylococcus and Weissella were the dominant bacteria, while Rhizopus and Candida were the dominant fungi. The abundance of bacteria in sample No3 ranged from 33.66 to 91.53%, while sample No4 the abundance of fungi ranged from 58.51 to 48.72%. The difference of microbial community diversity resulted in a discrepancy of volatile profiles and interaction relationship among the genus. Twenty-four dominant bacteria and seven dominant fungi were correlated with 20 different volatiles. This study provides a scientific perspective of the uniformity and stability of Xiaoqu jiu and might aid in controlling its manufacturing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Tang
- College of Light Industry, Fermentation Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Leather Chemistry and Engineering of the Education Ministry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guiqiang He
- College of Light Industry, Fermentation Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Leather Chemistry and Engineering of the Education Ministry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Huang
- College of Light Industry, Fermentation Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongde Wu
- College of Light Industry, Fermentation Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Leather Chemistry and Engineering of the Education Ministry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Jin
- College of Light Industry, Fermentation Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Leather Chemistry and Engineering of the Education Ministry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongqing Zhou
- College of Light Industry, Fermentation Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for Leather Chemistry and Engineering of the Education Ministry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Research Centre of Solid-state Brewing, Luzhou, China
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Athenaki M, Gardeli C, Diamantopoulou P, Tchakouteu S, Sarris D, Philippoussis A, Papanikolaou S. Lipids from yeasts and fungi: physiology, production and analytical considerations. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 124:336-367. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Athenaki
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - C. Gardeli
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - P. Diamantopoulou
- Laboratory of Edible Fungi; Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products; Hellenic Agricultural Organization ‘Demeter’; Lycovryssi Greece
| | - S.S. Tchakouteu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - D. Sarris
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - A. Philippoussis
- Laboratory of Edible Fungi; Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products; Hellenic Agricultural Organization ‘Demeter’; Lycovryssi Greece
| | - S. Papanikolaou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Agricultural University of Athens; Athens Greece
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Lopes M, Gomes AS, Silva CM, Belo I. Microbial lipids and added value metabolites production by Yarrowia lipolytica from pork lard. J Biotechnol 2018; 265:76-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hayashi M, Yukino T, Maruyama I, Kido S, Kitaoka S. Uptake and Accumulation of Exogenous Docosahexaenoic Acid by Chlorella. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 65:202-4. [PMID: 11272831 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tuna oil or its hydrolysate was added to a culture of Chlorella for its nutritional fortification as a feed for rotifer. Exogenous docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in its free form was taken up by the cells of Chlorella vulgaris strain K-22 and by other strains, but tuna oil was not taken up by the cells. Accumulated DHA was found by electron microscopy in the cells in oil droplets. All strains of Chlorella used in these experiments took up exogenous DHA into the cells. It seems that the structure of the cell wall did not affect the uptake of DHA into the Chlorella cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hayashi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Minami-Kyushu University, Takanabe, Miyazaki, Japan.
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Single cell oil production from low-cost substrates: The possibility and potential of its industrialization. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:129-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Papanikolaou S, Aggelis G. Lipids of oleaginous yeasts. Part I: Biochemistry of single cell oil production. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 461] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Papanikolaou S, Aggelis G. Lipids of oleaginous yeasts. Part II: Technology and potential applications. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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YUKINO T, HAYASHI M, MARUYAMA I, MURATA H. Incorporation of Exogenous Docosahexaenoic Acid into Triacylglycerols and Polar Lipids of Chlorella vulgaris. J Oleo Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.54.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tsugiyo YUKINO
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Masahiro HAYASHI
- Department of Biological Production and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki
| | | | - Hisashi MURATA
- Department of Biological Production and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki
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Kinoshita H, Ota Y. Concentration of docosahexaenoic acid from fish oils using Geotrichum sp. FO347-2. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001; 65:1022-6. [PMID: 11440112 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Geotrichum sp. FO347-2 could use refined sardine oil as a sole carbon source. Dry cell mass reached a maximum of 0.788 g per g of the oil added for 72 h. Total weight of the cellular lipids was largest around 24 h, when the contents of triglyceride and free fatty acid were 63.6 and 22.2%, respectively. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was incorporated and concentrated in the cellular lipids, and the content reached 25.9% for 24 h, adding sardine oil containing 12.3% DHA. DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid were also concentrated in residual lipids outside the cells. Using tuna head oil containing 26.8% DHA, FO347-2 was compared with Candida guilliermondii FO726A with respect to DHA incorporation. FO347-2 and FO726A accumulated similar amounts of DHA, i.e. 53 and 55 mg, respectively, in 1 g of freeze-dried cells after 24-h cultivation at 30 degrees C. The recovery rates of DHA from the tuna oil for FO347-2 and FO726A were 19.4 and 19.7%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kinoshita
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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Abstract
An eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)- and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-incorporating yeast, FO726A, was putatively identified as Candida guilliermondii on the basis of morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Culture conditions for FO726A were investigated with respect to cell mass productivity, cellular accumulation of total lipid, triglyceride (TG), EPA and DHA. When grown at 20 degrees C for 24 h in an optimal medium containing 1 g scrap fish oil, the yeast yielded 820 mg dry cells which consisted of 40.7% lipid, 40.2% protein and 14.1% carbohydrate. The lipid (334mg) consisted of 300 mg TG (36.6% of dry cells), 23.2 mg EPA (2.8%) and 54.8 mg DHA (6.7%), and the recovery rates of EPA and DHA from the fish oil were 27.1 and 43.6%, respectively. The positional distributions of fatty acids in the TG from the yeast were then investigated and compared with those in the TG from the fish oil. The EPA and DHA in the fish oil were concentrated more in the sn-1,3 positions (8.8 and 13.7%, respectively) than in the sn-2 position (3.7 and 10.8%, respectively). In the case of the TG from the yeast, EPA was present to a greater extent in the sn-1,3 positions than in the sn-2 position. In contrast, DHA was preferentially present in the sn-2 position, approximately twice that in the sn-1,3 positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Guo
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University, Japan.
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