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Hada N, Morita T, Ueda T, Masuda K, Nakane H, Ogane M, Yamano K, Schweizer F, Kiuchi F. Synthesis of the Carbohydrate Moiety of Glycoproteins from the Parasite Echinococcus granulosus and Their Antigenicity against Human Sera. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185652. [PMID: 34577122 PMCID: PMC8468584 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereocontrolled syntheses of biotin-labeled oligosaccharide portions containing the carbohydrate moiety of glycoprotein from Echinococcus granulosus have been accomplished. Trisaccharide Galβ1-3Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-R (A), tetrasaccharide Galα1-4Galβ1-3Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-R (B), and pentasaccharide Galα1-4Galβ1-3Galβ1-3Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-R (C), (R = biotinylated probe) were synthesized by stepwise condensation and/or block synthesis by the use of 5-(methoxycarbonyl)pentyl 2-azido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-α-d-galactopyranoside as a common glycosyl acceptor. The synthesis of the tetrasaccharide and the pentasaccharide was improved from the viewpoint of reducing the number of synthetic steps and increasing the total yield by changing from stepwise condensation to block synthesis. Moreover, hexasaccharide E, which contains the oligosaccharide sequence which occurs in E. granulosus, was synthesized from trisaccharide D. We examined the antigenicity of these five oligosaccharides by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although compounds of C–E did not exhibit antigenicity against cystic echinococcosis (CE) patient sera, compounds B, D, and E showed good serodiagnostic potential for alveolar echinococcosis (AE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Hada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Tokio Morita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kazuki Masuda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nakane
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Mami Ogane
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kimiaki Yamano
- Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Frank Schweizer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Hada N, Umeda Y, Kumada H, Shimazaki Y, Yamano K, Schweizer F, Oshima N, Takeda T, Kiuchi F. Synthesis of the Non Reducing End Oligosaccharides of Glycosphingolipids from <i>Ascaris suum</i>. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:143-154. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Hada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University
| | | | | | | | | | - Frank Schweizer
- Departments of Chemistry and Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba
| | - Naohiro Oshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
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Laboratory Diagnosis of Echinococcus spp. in Human Patients and Infected Animals. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2017; 96:159-257. [PMID: 28212789 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Among the species composing the genus Echinococcus, four species are of human clinical interest. The most prevalent species are Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis, followed by Echinococcus vogeli and Echinococcus oligarthrus. The first two species cause cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) respectively. Both diseases have a complex clinical management, in which laboratory diagnosis could be an adjunctive to the imaging techniques. To date, several approaches have been described for the laboratory diagnosis and followup of CE and AE, including antibody, antigen and cytokine detection. All of these approaches are far from being optimal as adjunctive diagnosis particularly for CE, since they do not reach enough sensitivity and/or specificity. A combination of several methods (e.g., antibody and antigen detection) or of several (recombinant) antigens could improve the performance of the adjunctive laboratory methods, although the complexity of echinococcosis and heterogeneity of clinical cases make necessary a deep understanding of the host-parasite relationships and the parasite phenotype at different developmental stages to reach the best diagnostic tool and to make it accepted in clinical practice. Standardization approaches and a deep understanding of the performance of each of the available antigens in the diagnosis of echinococcosis for the different clinical pictures are also needed. The detection of the parasite in definitive hosts is also reviewed in this chapter. Finally, the different methods for the detection of parasite DNA in different analytes and matrices are also reviewed.
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Hada N, Kitamura A, Yamano K, Schweizer F, Kiuchi F. Synthesis and Antigenicity against Human Sera of a Biotin-Labeled Oligosaccharide Portion of a Glycosphingolipid from the Parasite Echinococcus multilocularis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:865-73. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Frank Schweizer
- Departments of Chemistry and Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba
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Time course of the antibody response in humans compared with rats experimentally infected with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. J Helminthol 2012; 88:24-31. [PMID: 23137748 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x12000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by the accidental ingestion of Echinococcus multilocularis eggs. Early detection is essential as surgical resection is the only treatment for a complete cure. However, details are unclear about changes in the antibody response during the initial stages of infection, yet such information is useful for early serodiagnosis. Therefore, a long-term investigation was performed into the time course of the antibody response before 'positive' detection. Patient sera were used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting (WB) analysis using crude antigens extracted from E. multilocularis protoscoleces. Rats were experimentally infected with AE and similarly analysed by ELISA and WB. Among the markers for diagnoses, the 18 kDa band (main marker) appeared last in the preoperative stages and disappeared first after operation in a WB test. Although the 18 kDa antigen can be useful as a marker for AE diagnosis, it cannot contribute to the detection of some patients before the 18 kDa band appearance. To avoid misdiagnosis, different diagnostic antigens such as the 26-28 and 7-8 kDa bands should also be considered. These bands tend to appear earlier than the 18 kDa band and thus offer the potential for early detection of AE. We first observed changes in the antibody response in a relatively early stage after infection in human AE cases. Notably, changes in the antibody response of two intermediate species were similar. These findings provide valuable information for the early detection of human AE cases in the future.
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Kanaya T, Schweizer F, Takeda T, Kiuchi F, Hada N. Synthetic studies on glycosphingolipids from protostomia phyla: synthesis of glycosphingolipids and related carbohydrate moieties from the parasite Schistosoma mansoni. Carbohydr Res 2012; 361:55-72. [PMID: 22982172 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Stereocontrolled syntheses of three neutral glycosphingolipids and six oligosaccharide derivatives found from the parasite Schistosoma mansoni have been accomplished. A pentasaccharide glycosphingolipid β-D-Galp-(1→4)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1→3)-β-D-GalpNAc-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1↔1)-Cer (1), two hexasaccharide glycosphingolipids α-L-Fucp-(1→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→4)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1→3)-β-D-GalpNAc-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1↔1)-Cer (2) and β-D-Galp-(1→4)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1→3)-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1→3)-β-D-GalpNAc-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1↔1)-Cer (3), together with their non-reducing end tri- and tetrasaccharides, β-D-Galp-(1→4)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAcOR (4) and α-L-Fucp-(1→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→4)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAcOR (5), were synthesized by block synthesis. Moreover, non-reducing end oligosaccharides of schistosomal glycosphingolipids, β-D-GalpNAc-(1→4)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAcOR (6), α-L-Fucp-(1→3)-β-D-GalpNAc-(1→4)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAcOR (7), α-L-Fucp-(1→3)-β-D-GalpNAc-(1→4)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→2)-α-L-Fucp-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAcOR (8) and α-L-Fucp-(1→3)-β-D-GalpNAc-(1→4)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→2)-α-L-Fucp-(1→2)-α-L-Fucp-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAcOR (9) [R=2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl], were synthesized as probes to explore their diagnostic potential to detect schistosomiasis from patients' sera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kanaya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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Koizumi A, Yamano K, Tsuchiya T, Schweizer F, Kiuchi F, Hada N. Synthesis, antigenicity against human sera and structure-activity relationships of carbohydrate moieties from Toxocara larvae and their analogues. Molecules 2012; 17:9023-42. [PMID: 22847142 PMCID: PMC6268804 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17089023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereocontrolled syntheses of biotin-labeled oligosaccharide portions containing the Galβ1-3GalNAc core of the TES-glycoprotein antigen obtained from larvae of the parasite Toxocara and their analogues have been accomplished. Trisaccharides Fuc2Meα1-2Gal4Meβ1-3GalNAcα1-OR (A), Fucα1-2Gal4Meβ1-3GalNAcα1-OR (B), Fuc2Meα1-2Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-OR (C), Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-OR (D) and a disaccharide Fuc2Meα1-2Gal4Meβ1-OR (E) (R = biotinylated probe) were synthesized by block synthesis using 5-(methoxycarbonyl)pentyl-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-2-azide-4-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranoside as a common glycosyl acceptor. We examined the antigenicity of these five oligosaccharides by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results demonstrate that the O-methyl groups in these oligosaccharides are important for their antigenicity and the biotinylated oligosaccharides A, B, C and E have high serodiagnostic potential to detect infections caused by Toxocara larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Koizumi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kimiaki Yamano
- Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Kita-19, Nishi-12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuchiya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Frank Schweizer
- Departments of Chemistry and Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Fumiyuki Kiuchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Hada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +81-3-5400-2666; Fax: +81-3-5400-2556
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Yamano K, Koizumi A, Takeda T, Kiuchi F, Hada N. Galα1-4Galβ1-3GalNAc is the dominant epitope of Em2 antigen, the mucin-type glycoprotein from Echinococcus multilocularis. Parasitol Res 2012; 111:795-805. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-2902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Koizumi A, Yamano K, Schweizer F, Takeda T, Kiuchi F, Hada N. Synthesis of the carbohydrate moiety from the parasite Echinococcus multilocularis and their antigenicity against human sera. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1768-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata) with alveolar echinococcosis after treatment with albendazole for 10 years: serodiagnosis and determination of albendazole metabolites. Parasitol Res 2009; 106:69-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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YAMANO K, GOTO A, NAKAMURA-UCHIYAMA F, NAWA Y, HADA N, TAKEDA T. Galβ1-6Gal, antigenic epitope which accounts for serological cross-reaction in diagnosis ofEchinococcus multilocularisinfection. Parasite Immunol 2009; 31:481-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2009.01129.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
This review describes the carbohydrate study and the natural product related to the glycoside chemistry. What shall the people in the field of pharmacognosy and natural products chemistry search in scene in future? Forty years before while isolating dimeric compound having naphthoquinonepyrone skeleton from the coloring material produced by the pathogen that hosted in wheat and caused rotten root disease, silica gel has to be treated with oxalic acid to reduce the absorbency before separation. However now a days, availability of reversed phase adsorbents for liquid chromatography has made the separation and isolation of complex compounds possible, easy and rapid. With the advancement of mechanical/physicochemical analytic methods, it has even been possible to isolate traces of compounds present in complex. This advancement has made it possible to determine structure of saponins and complex polysaccharides without decomposition and carry out in vitro bioassay at the same time using various cells on-line. Further, this review describes the oligosaccharide syntheses and biological activities of glycosphingolipids, focusing especially on those found in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Takeda
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Koizumi A, Hada N, Kaburaki A, Yamano K, Schweizer F, Takeda T. Synthetic studies on the carbohydrate moiety of the antigen from the parasite Echinococcusmultilocularis. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:856-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Revised: 02/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
This review describes the oligosaccharide syntheses and biological activities of glycosphingolipids, focusing especially on those found in invertebrates like millipedes, nematoda parasites, and cestoda parasites, and model compounds related to a major antigenic epitope against antibupleurum 2IIc/PG-1-IgG from antiulcer pectic polysaccharides. A novel and simple approach for the rational design of glycoclusters and glycodendrimers by coupling with a sugar unit and a cluster unit, was developed with beta-alanine derivatives used to construct the latter compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Hada
- Division of Natural Medicines, Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan.
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