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D'Incecco P, Bettera L, Bancalari E, Rosi V, Sindaco M, Gobbi S, Candotti P, Nazzicari N, Limbo S, Gatti M, Pellegrino L. High-speed cold centrifugation of milk modifies the microbiota, the ripening process and the sensory characteristics of raw-milk hard cheeses. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113102. [PMID: 37689872 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The microbial population of raw milk plays a crucial role in the development of distinctive traits of raw-milk cheeses particularly appreciated by consumers. It was previously demonstrated that the microbial population of raw milk is modified by a high-speed centrifugation (also called bactofugation) conducted at 39 °C. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of this process, performed once or twice, on the microbial, compositional, biochemical, and sensory characteristics of the derived hard cheeses. Experimental and control cheesemaking were conducted in parallel at a cheese factory during a 13-month period. Cheeses were analysed after 9, 15 and 20 months of ripening for microbial count, composition, proteolysis extent, volatile compounds, and sensory profile. Results evidenced that experimental cheeses were characterized by lower numbers of viable lactobacilli respect to control. Experimental cheeses also showed differences in the progress of primary and secondary proteolysis which, in turn, caused different patterns of free amino acids at all ripening times. Experimental cheeses had significantly lower content of esters and were differentiated from control for some traits by assessors. In conclusion, use of high-speed centrifugation of milk shall be discouraged if characteristic traits of raw-milk cheeses, particularly PDO cheeses, want to be retained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo D'Incecco
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Luca Bettera
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Elena Bancalari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Veronica Rosi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Sindaco
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Gobbi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Candotti
- National Reference Centre for Animal Welfare, IZSLER, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Nelson Nazzicari
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Fodder Crops and Dairy Productions, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Sara Limbo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Gatti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Luisa Pellegrino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Carvalho RD, Breyner N, Menezes-Garcia Z, Rodrigues NM, Lemos L, Maioli TU, da Gloria Souza D, Carmona D, de Faria AMC, Langella P, Chatel JM, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Figueiredo HCP, Azevedo V, de Azevedo MS. Secretion of biologically active pancreatitis-associated protein I (PAP) by genetically modified dairy Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 in the prevention of intestinal mucositis. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:27. [PMID: 28193209 PMCID: PMC5307810 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucositis is one of the most relevant gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions in humans, generated by the use of chemotherapy drugs, such as 5-fluoracil (5-FU). 5-FU-induced mucositis affects 80% of patients undergoing oncological treatment causing mucosal gut dysfunctions and great discomfort. As current therapy drugs presents limitations in alleviating mucositis symptoms, alternative strategies are being pursued. Recent studies have shown that the antimicrobial pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) has a protective role in intestinal inflammatory processes. Indeed, it was demonstrated that a recombinant strain of Lactococcus lactis expressing human PAP (LL-PAP) could prevent and improve murine DNBS-induced colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes severe inflammation of the colon. Hence, in this study we sought to evaluate the protective effects of LL-PAP on 5-FU-induced experimental mucositis in BALB/c mice as a novel approach to treat the disease. Results Our results show that non-recombinant L. lactis NZ9000 have antagonistic activity, in vitro, against the enteroinvasive gastrointestinal pathogen L. monocytogenes and confirmed PAP inhibitory effect against Opportunistic E. faecalis. Moreover, L. lactis was able to prevent histological damage, reduce neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration and secretory Immunoglobulin-A in mice injected with 5-FU. Recombinant lactococci carrying antimicrobial PAP did not improve those markers of inflammation, although its expression was associated with villous architecture preservation and increased secretory granules density inside Paneth cells in response to 5-FU inflammation. Conclusions We have demonstrated for the first time that L. lactis NZ9000 by itself, is able to prevent 5-FU-induced intestinal inflammation in BALB/c mice. Moreover, PAP delivered by recombinant L. lactis strain showed additional protective effects in mice epithelium, revealing to be a promising strategy to treat intestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo D Carvalho
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Natalia Breyner
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Zelia Menezes-Garcia
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Nubia M Rodrigues
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luisa Lemos
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Tatiane U Maioli
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Danielle da Gloria Souza
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.,Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Denise Carmona
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ana M C de Faria
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-En-Josas, France
| | - Henrique C P Figueiredo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcela S de Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-ICB), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CP 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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