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Steffen KD, Basset C, Arias RO, Moré G, Robles MDR, Unzaga JM. Zoonotic nematode in the city of La Plata, Argentina: Report of a case of Calodium hepaticum in Rattus rattus. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 47:100954. [PMID: 38199678 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This study describes a case of Calodium hepaticum (Trichinellida: Capillariidae) infection in an adult rat (Rattus rattus) from the periurban area of the city of La Plata in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The rat was found with neurological signs (ataxia, lethargy, and episodes of unresponsiveness) in the food storage of a goat production facility. The liver was observed with hepatomegaly and diffuse and irregular yellowish-white spots appearing in striae or small nodules on the external surface and inside the liver. Subsequent microscopic and histopathological studies were performed. Eggs were observed by direct microscopy of the impression smear of liver tissue. A multifocal granulomatous tissue reaction with different stages of fibrocellular tissue was observed in the liver parenchyma. The granulomas contained adults and degenerated eggs delimited by an intense infiltrate of mononuclear cells. Macro and microscopic observations and histopathological liver lesions were compatible with C. hepaticum infection. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmation of C. hepaticum infection in R. rattus in Argentina, increasing the host record of this parasite and a new record of distribution in goat production systems in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Denis Steffen
- Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science-La Plata National University, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science-La Plata National University, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (C1425FQB), Argentina; Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agrarian and Forest Sciences-La Plata National University, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina Basset
- Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science-La Plata National University, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science-La Plata National University, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (C1425FQB), Argentina
| | - Rubén Omar Arias
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agrarian and Forest Sciences-La Plata National University, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gastón Moré
- Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science-La Plata National University, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (C1425FQB), Argentina; Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Langgasssstrasse 122 (3012), Berne, Switzerland.
| | - María Del Rosario Robles
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (C1425FQB), Argentina; Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores - CEPAVE, Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - UNLP, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Unzaga
- Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science-La Plata National University, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science-La Plata National University, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Geographical Influence on Morphometric Variability of Genetically “Pure” Schistosoma haematobium Eggs from Sub-Saharan Migrants in Spain. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8030144. [PMID: 36977146 PMCID: PMC10054267 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8030144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosome eggs play a key role in schistosomiasis diagnosis and research. The aim of this work is to morphogenetically study the eggs of Schistosoma haematobium found in sub-Saharan migrants present in Spain, analyzing their morphometric variation in relation to the geographical origin of the parasite (Mali, Mauritania and Senegal). Only eggs considered “pure” S. haematobium by genetic characterization (rDNA ITS-2 and mtDNA cox1) have been used. A total of 162 eggs obtained from 20 migrants from Mali, Mauritania and Senegal were included in the study. Analyses were made by the Computer Image Analysis System (CIAS). Following a previously standardized methodology, seventeen measurements were carried out on each egg. The morphometric analysis of the three morphotypes detected (round, elongated and spindle) and the biometric variations in relation to the country of origin of the parasite on the egg phenotype were carried out by canonical variate analysis. Mahalanobis distances, when all egg measurements were analyzed, showed differences between: (i) Mali-Mauritania, Mali-Senegal and Mauritania-Senegal in the round morphotype; (ii) Mali-Mauritania and Mauritania-Senegal in the elongated morphotype; and (iii) Mauritania-Senegal in the spindle morphotype. Mahalanobis distances, when spine variables were analyzed, showed differences between Mali-Senegal in the round morphotype. In conclusion, this is the first phenotypic study performed on individually genotyped “pure” S. haematobium eggs, allowing the assessment of the intraspecific morphological variations associated with the geographical origin of the schistosome eggs.
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