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Simoncelli F, Fagotti A, Di Rosa I, Lucentini L, Brustenga L, Di Cara G. Qualitative Immunodetection of Hsp70 in Nasal Samples of Children With Allergic Rhinitis. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2024; 27:102-104. [PMID: 38098245 DOI: 10.1177/10935266231212591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Simoncelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Anna Fagotti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ines Di Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Livia Lucentini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Brustenga
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Cara
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pediatric Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Wang H, Wu J, Zhang R. Effect of Neurokinin-1 Receptor Knockdown on the Expression of RANTES in Allergic Rhinitis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2023; 37:730-738. [PMID: 37525517 DOI: 10.1177/19458924231191012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) and normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) have been shown to play important roles in allergic rhinitis (AR). However, whether the regulating effect of NK-1R in AR is achieved via RANTES remains unknown. METHODS In the present study, Sprague-Dawley rats were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to make AR models. During the challenge period, the rats were treated intranasally with NK-1R-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) for NKR group, negative siRNA for NCS group, rats in NSAR group and NS group were given saline. The amount of nasal secretion and the numbers of nose rubs and sneezes were measured in each rat. The levels of NK-1R and RANTES in the nasal mucosal tissues were determined through real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The numbers of eosinophils in the collected nasal lavage fluid (NLF) were counted, and the concentration of RANTES in NLF was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Compared with that in the NS group, the expression of NK-1R and RANTES was significantly higher in the nasal mucosa of NSAR and NCS group rats. The sneezing and nose rubbing counts and the amount of nasal secretions were increased significantly in the NSAR and NCS groups. Rats in the NKR group experienced greater relief from AR symptoms than rats in the NSAR and NCS groups. Furthermore, knockdown of NK-1R expression also significantly eliminated RANTES expression and eosinophil infiltration in the nasal mucosa of NKR group rats. CONCULSION For the first time, we show that intranasal treatment with NK-1R-specific siRNA can significantly decrease RANTES expression, AR-related symptoms, and eosinophil inflammation, suggesting that the regulating effect of NK-1R in the development of AR occurs via alteration of RANTES expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruxin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ma C, Li H, Lu S, Li X, Wang S, Wang W. Tryptase and Exogenous Trypsin: Mechanisms and Ophthalmic Applications. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:927-939. [PMID: 36891173 PMCID: PMC9987324 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s402900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular injuries caused by inflammation, surgery or accidents are subject to a physiological healing process that ultimately restores the structure and function of the damaged tissue. Tryptase and trypsin are essential component of this process and they play a role in promoting and reducing the inflammatory response of tissues, respectively. Following injury, tryptase is endogenously produced by mast cells and can exacerbate the inflammatory response both by stimulating neutrophil secretion, and through its agonist action on proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). In contrast, exogenously introduced trypsin promotes wound healing by attenuating inflammatory responses, reducing oedema and protecting against infection. Thus, trypsin may help resolve ocular inflammatory symptoms and promote faster recovery from acute tissue injury associated with ophthalmic diseases. This article describes the roles of tryptase and exogenous trypsin in affected tissues after onset of ocular injury, and the clinical applications of trypsin injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Clinical Research Centre of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuwen Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Li
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Han P, Chen L, Chen D, Yang R, Wang W, Liu J, He S, Zhang H. Upregulated expression of substance P and NK1R in blood monocytes and B cells of patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:39-52. [PMID: 36001730 PMCID: PMC9585549 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of substance P (SP) and neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) has been noticed in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma (AA). However, little is known of the expression of SP and NK1R in monocytes and B cells of AR and AA. In the present study, the expression levels of SP and NK1R were determined by flow cytometry and mouse AR and AA models. The results showed that both percentages of SP+ monocytes and SP+ B cells, and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of SP in monocytes were elevated in the blood of AA and AR combined with AA (ARA) patients. Similarly, the percentages of NK1R+ monocytes were elevated in the blood of AR, AA, and ARA patients. Allergens Artemisia sieversiana wild allergen extract (ASWE), house dust mite extract (HDME), and Platanus pollen allergen extract (PPE) increased the expression density of SP molecules (determined by MFI) in an individual monocyte of AR patients. HDME and PPE appeared to enhance SP and NK1R expression in the B cells of ARA and AR patients. In the mouse AR and AA models, the percentages of NK1R+ monocytes and B cells were elevated in blood following OVA (ovalbumin) sensitization and challenge. Knocking out the FcεRI molecule completely abolished the OVA-induced upregulation of expression of NK1R in monocytes and B cells of AA mice. In conclusion, upregulated expressions of SP and NK1R may contribute to the pathogenesis of airway allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixuan Han
- Department of Pathophysiology, Translational Medicine Institute, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruiming Yang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Shaoheng He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Translational Medicine Institute, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Huiyun Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Translational Medicine Institute, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Park MJ, Jang YJ. Changes in inflammatory biomarkers in the nasal mucosal secretion after septoplasty. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16164. [PMID: 36171394 PMCID: PMC9519558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Deviated nasal septum (DNS) is suggested to be associated with nonspecific inflammation of the nasal mucosa. The authors hypothesized septoplasty may reduce nasal mucosal inflammation, therefore the authors aimed to measure various inflammatory biomarkers in the nasal secretion following septoplasty. Prospectively, 17 patients undergoing elective septoplasty were included. Symptomatic changes after septoplasty were evaluated with Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scores. Using acoustic rhinometry, changes of the nasal airway volume were measured. Nasal secretion was collected within 2 weeks and 3 months before and after septoplasty, respectively. The inflammatory biomarker high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α), interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), eotaxin-1, and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted (RANTES) were quantified in the nasal secretion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or multiplex bead array assays. The patients' mean age was 30.5 ± 6.8 (ranging from 19 to 43), consisting of 15 male and 2 female patients. The median SNOT-22 and NOSE scores changed from 54 to 14 and 78 to 15, respectively, both showing a significant decrease. In acoustic rhinometry, nasal cavity volume of convex side significantly increased after septoplasty, whereas significant discrepancy of nasal airway volume between concave and convex sides became insignificant. No significant difference was noted both before and after septoplasty between the concave and convex sides in all seven biomarkers. The HMGB1, RANTES, IL-4, and TNF-α concentrations following septoplasty showed significant decrease in 34 nasal cavities of 17 patients (all p < 0.05). However, when the 17 concave and 17 convex sides were analyzed separately, the significant reduction in four biomarkers were only significant in the concave sides (all p < 0.05), but not significantly reduced in convex sides. Septoplasty may have benefited not only in normalizing the nasal airflow and symptom improvement, but also in nonspecific inflammation attenuation in the nasal airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marn Joon Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Pungnap 2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea
| | - Yong Ju Jang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Pungnap 2-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea.
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HSP70 upregulation in nasal mucosa of symptomatic children with allergic rhinitis and potential risk of asthma development. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14104. [PMID: 35982171 PMCID: PMC9388484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18443-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis and asthma are the most common causes of chronic inflammation of the upper and lower airways in childhood. However, a nasal biomarker that can link to pulmonary inflammation is yet to be found. The present paper aims to investigate the possible role in inflammation of two inducible 70-kDa Heat Shock Proteins (HSP70) members, HSPA1A/B and HSPA6, in nasal mucosa cells of allergic children through their mRNA expression analysis, and their correlation to both spirometric and FeNO values. The relationship between FeNO in lower airways and ∆Cts of HSPA1A/B in nasal mucosa seems to be influenced by clinical symptoms regardless of age, sex, and sensitization patterns. Therefore, HSP70 expression, as well as FeNO levels, could have a predictive capability to identify lower airways inflammation and thus to recognize rhinitic children having a potential risk of asthma development.
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Shen L, Wang J, Kang X, Han M, Li M, Huang Z, Luo L, Tu J, Ye J. Clinical Efficacy and Possible Mechanism of Endoscopic Vidian Neurectomy for House Dust Mite-Sensitive Allergic Rhinitis. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2021; 83:75-84. [PMID: 33395682 DOI: 10.1159/000511711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Endoscopic vidian neurectomy (EVN) for allergic rhinitis (AR) has good clinical effects. However, the pathophysiological basis of the effect of EVN on AR is still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of EVN on house dust mite (HDM)-sensitive AR and the dynamic changes of serum immunoglobulin E and some immune regulatory factors. METHODS Twenty HDM-sensitive AR patients were treated with bilateral EVN (EVN group), 15 HDM-sensitive AR patients were treated with subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT group), and 15 healthy subjects served as healthy controls. Quality of daily life was assessed by the scores of the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQs). The visual analog scale was used to assess clinical efficacy. Serum molecules were measured by ELISA and the UNICAP system. RESULTS Compared with the SCIT group, the RQLQs in the EVN group were lower 12 months after treatment (both p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in improving nasal itching and sneezing (both p > 0.05), but the clinical efficacy of bilateral EVN was greater than SCIT in improving nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, eye itching, and lachrymation 12 months after treatment (all p < 0.05). Compared with before treatment, the serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (tIgE), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus- and Dermatophagoides farinae-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the EVN group and the serum levels of TNF-α and interleukin-4 in the SCIT group were lower 12 months after treatment (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The short-term efficacy of bilateral EVN is more effective than SCIT in treating HDM-sensitive AR. This may be because the surgery reduced the tIgE and sIgE levels. TNF-α may be involved in the therapeutic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Department of Allergology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Allergology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xue Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Allergology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengyue Li
- Department of Allergology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiqun Huang
- Department of Allergology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liping Luo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Junhao Tu
- Department of Allergology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Allergology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,
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Ostroumova OD, Shikh EV, Rebrova EV, Ryazanova AY. [Rhinitis medicamentosa]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2020; 85:75-82. [PMID: 32628388 DOI: 10.17116/otorino20208503175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One type of non-allergic non-infectious rhinitis is represented by a heterogeneous group of rhinitis medicamentosa, which can be divided into several pathogenetic types. The most common rebound nasal congestion associated with the use of topical decongestants. Excessive use of intranasal decongestants leads to a decrease in the number of alpha-adrenoreceptors on the surface of cell membranes and uncoupling their connection with the G-protein and the development of tachyphylaxis. To prevent the development of rebound nasal congestion caused by topical decongestants, it is important to limit the frequency of their use. In most cases, the duration of the use of vasoconstrictor drugs should be limited to 5-7 days, according to Patient information leaflets for the drugs. However, in patients who have had a history of episodes of rebound nasal congestion, which develops including the previously indicated periods, the duration of decongestant therapy should be limited to 3 days. Rhinitis associated with local inflammation is caused by the intake of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Currently, the so-called "aspirin triad" is well known - a combination of bronchial asthma, rhinosinusitis (often polyposis) and intolerance to ASA. Neurogenic rhinitis develops due to the use of drugs that violate vascular tone, for example, antihypertensive drugs or type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Drug-induced rhinitis has a significant impact on the patient's quality of life: nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, secondary night apnea, insomnia as a result of nasal breathing disturbances, headaches, irritability, weakness after sleepless nights disturb patients to a large extent. Timely diagnosis and withdrawal of a provocative drug, the use of topical corticosteroids in case of severe rhinitis are the basis of the treatment of rhinitis medicamentosa. In severe cases, there is a need, including surgical treatment, such as, for example, submucosal laser destruction of the lower nasal concha.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D Ostroumova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy for Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Shikh
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Rebrova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - A Yu Ryazanova
- Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Volgograd, Russia
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Karlsson B, Burell G, Kristiansson P, Björkegren K, Nyberg F, Svärdsudd K. Decline of substance P levels after stress management with cognitive behaviour therapy in women with the fibromyalgia syndrome. Scand J Pain 2019; 19:473-482. [DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2018-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aims
Substance P (CSF-SP) is known to be elevated in females with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) on plasma SP levels in women with FMS and to find possible clinical behavioural correlates to plasma SP level changes.
Methods
Forty-eight women with FMS were randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1 received the CBT treatment intervention over the course of 6 months while group 2 was waitlisted. CBT was given with a protocol developed to diminish stress and pain. After 6 months, group 2 was given the same CBT treatment as well. All were followed up 1 year after the start of CBT treatment. This approach allowed for two analytical designs – a randomised controlled trial (RCT) (n=24 vs. n=24) and a before-and-after treatment design (n=48). All women were repeatedly evaluated by the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI) and three other psychometric questionnaires and plasma SP was analysed.
Results
In the RCT design, the plasma SP level was 8.79 fmol/mL in both groups at the start of the trial, after adjustment for initial differences. At the end of the RCT, the plasma SP level was 5.25 fmol/mL in the CBT intervention group compared to 8.39 fmol/mL in the control group (p=0.02). In the before-and-after design, the plasma SP was reduced by 33% (p<0.01) after CBT, but returned to the pre-treatment level at follow-up 1 year after the start of CBT treatment. Plasma SP was associated with the MPI dimensions experienced “support from spouses or significant others” and “life control”.
Conclusions
Plasma SP might be a marker of the effect of CBT in FMS associated with better coping strategies and reduced stress rather than a biochemical marker of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Karlsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala SE-751 22 , Sweden
| | - Gunilla Burell
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala SE-751 22 , Sweden
| | - Per Kristiansson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala SE-751 22 , Sweden
| | - Karin Björkegren
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala SE-751 22 , Sweden
| | - Fred Nyberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala SE-751 22 , Sweden
| | - Kurt Svärdsudd
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala SE-751 22 , Sweden
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Ivanova NM, Cybikov NN, Sormolotova IN. MODERN IDEAS ABOUT “ATOPIC MARCH” PATHOGENESIS AND POSSIBLE ROLE OF HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2018. [DOI: 10.25208/0042-4609-2018-94-2-27-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases pose a serious health problem worldwide. The review of literature presents some data on the role of heat shock proteins in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis, as the most common diseases in the population of this nosological group. Data on the possible role of heat shock proteins in the pathogenesis of atopic march development are also presented.
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Min HJ, Yoon JH, Kim CH. HSP70 is associated with the severity of inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2017; 30:101-6. [PMID: 27456583 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasal secretions include cytokines and inflammatory mediators that are involved in the pathogenesis of upper airway inflammation. OBJECTIVE We tried to find unknown biomolecules that are involved in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). METHODS We collected nasal mucosal secretions from patients who were diagnosed as having CRS and who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. A total of 63 patients who underwent nasal secretion collection were reviewed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed by using nasal lavage samples to evaluate which biomolecules were associated with the severity of inflammation based on the Lund-Mackay score. By using human nasal epithelial cells, we performed Western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate the secretory mechanism of heat shock protein (HSP) 70. RESULTS We found that the level of interleukin 8 and HSP70 were significantly associated with the Lund-Mackay score and interleukin 17C, C-X-C motif chemokine 10, and HSP27 were not significantly associated. HSP70 was also significantly associated with the surgical outcome of the enrolled patients. Furthermore, we found that exposure to hypoxia and treatment of lipoteichoic acid induced the secretion of HSP70 but that lipopolysaccharide did not induce the secretion of HSP70 in human nasal epithelial cells. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that HSP70 might play a role in the pathogenesis of CRS and the possibility of HSP70 as a biomolecule that represents the severity of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Min
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Paraskevopoulos GD, Kalogiros LA. Non-Allergic Rhinitis. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-016-0072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wang H, Zhang R, Wu J, Hu H. Knockdown of neurokinin-1 receptor expression by small interfering RNA prevents the development of allergic rhinitis in rats. Inflamm Res 2013; 62:903-10. [PMID: 23934070 PMCID: PMC3771433 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-013-0649-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective and design This study is aimed at exploring the role of neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) in the development of allergic rhinitis (AR) in rats. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to induce AR. The rats were treated intranasally with saline, control, or NK-1R-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) before and during the challenge period. The numbers of sneezes and nose rubs and amount of nasal secretion in individual rats were measured. The levels of NK-1R expression in the nasal mucosal tissues after the last challenge were determined. The numbers of eosinophils in the collected nasal lavage fluid and the levels of serum interleukin (IL)-5 in individual rats were determined. Results The levels of NK-1R expression in the nasal mucosal tissues of the AR rats that had been treated with saline or control siRNA were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls and the rats treated with NK-1R-specific siRNA, demonstrating NK-1R silencing. Furthermore, knockdown of NK-1R expression significantly reduced the amounts of sneezing, nose rubbing, and nasal secretions in AR rats. Knockdown of NK-1R expression also significantly eliminated eosinophil infiltration in the nasal tissues and reduced the levels of serum IL-5 in rats. Conclusions Knockdown of NK-1R expression decreased allergic inflammation in nasal mucosal tissues and alleviated the allergic rhinitis symptoms, suggesting that NK-1R may be a critical mediator of the development of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
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Climate change and its impact on allergic rhinitis and other allergic respiratory diseases. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 20:188-93. [PMID: 22569402 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0b013e3283524b14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss current evidence of global climate change and its implications for allergic rhinitis and other allergic respiratory diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Global climate change is evidenced by increasing average earth temperature, increasing anthropogenic greenhouse gas levels, and elevated pollen levels. Pollutants of interest include carbon dioxide (CO2), ozone (O3), and nitrous oxide (NO2) because they can enhance the allergic response and lead to increased symptoms of allergic respiratory diseases. Heightened CO2 levels stimulate pollen production via photosynthesis and increased growth in multiple plant species investigated. Although worsened air quality appears to increase prevalence of allergic rhinitis, the effects of increased temperature are less certain. The findings of increased aeroallergen levels likely contribute to increases in presentation of allergic diseases, although more healthcare impact studies are necessary. SUMMARY Although recent literature indicates and strongly supports changes in temperature, pollution levels, and aeroallergen levels, more longitudinal epidemiologic surveillance of allergic diseases in relation to climate change as well as pathophysiologic studies on changing aeroallergen effects on allergic diseases are needed.
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Kavut AB, Kalpaklıoğlu F, Atasoy P. Contribution of neurogenic and allergic ways to the pathophysiology of nonallergic rhinitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2012; 160:184-91. [PMID: 23018649 DOI: 10.1159/000339739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A neuroallergic interaction was reported in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR), but the pathophysiology of nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is poorly understood. We aimed to explore the contribution of neuroallergic mechanisms to the pathogenesis of NAR. METHODS Subjects were divided into three groups - NAR patients (n = 25), AR patients (n = 16) and the control group (n = 10) - and were assessed using the nasal provocation test (NPT) with house dust mite. Total symptom scores, nasal inspiratory peak flow and nasal lavage were performed before and after NPT. Nasal brushing and scraping was done after NPT. RESULTS NPT was positive in NAR (52%) and AR (100%) patients and negative in all controls. After NPT, total symptom scores increased in both rhinitis groups. Post-NPT values of nasal inspiratory peak flow decreased only in AR patients. NAR patients showed a similar inflammatory cell profile in the nasal smears to AR patients which was different in controls. There were more tryptase- and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-positive cells in the nasal mucosa of AR patients, and more substance-p-positive cells were observed in NAR patients compared with controls. However, IgE- and tryptase-positive cells in NAR patients and substance-p-positive cells in AR patients were detectable in nasal mucosa, but rarely in the controls. Comparing the values before and after NPT, tryptase significantly increased in the nasal lavages of AR and NAR patients, while house dust mite-specific IgE did not change. CONCLUSIONS We showed the existence of a common pathophysiological mechanism with different contributions in AR and NAR. We conclude that the difference in dominance of neuroallergic ways may determine the major phenotype of rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Baççıoğlu Kavut
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey.
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Jönsson M, Norrgård O, Forsgren S. Epithelial expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide in ulcerative colitis: down-regulation in markedly inflamed colon. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:303-10. [PMID: 22143367 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-011-1985-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has a number of important effects in intestinal physiology and pathology, including in ulcerative colitis (UC). The expression patterns of the predominant VIP receptor in the mucosa (the VPAC1 receptor) are unknown for the mucosa in UC. It is assumed that the sources of VIP in the intestine are the innervation and the inflammatory cells. AIMS The VIP and VPAC1 receptor expression patterns in the epithelial layer of UC and non-UC patients were examined in the present study. The influence of marked inflammation of the mucosa was evaluated. METHODS Specimens of the human colon, including the colon of UC patients, were examined concerning expressions of VIP and VPAC1 receptor, focusing on the epithelial layer. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were utilized. RESULTS There were VIP mRNA reactions and also marked VPAC1 receptor immunoreactions in the normal and slightly/moderately affected epithelium. VIP mRNA reactions were not detected and VPAC1 immunoreactions were minimal in response to marked mucosal derangement. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that there is a local production of VIP in the epithelial cells in normal and slightly/moderately inflamed mucosa but not in severely inflamed mucosa. Furthermore, a marked downregulation in VPAC1 receptor expressions occurs in the epithelium in severe UC. Based on the knowledge that VIP can have trophic, healing and anti-inflammatory effects, it is likely that the decrease in VIP mRNA and VPAC1 receptor reactions seen in severely affected mucosa in UC may be associated with adverse effects on intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jönsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Microbiology, Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden.
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Cima K, Vogelsinger H, Kähler CM. Sensory neuropeptides are potent chemoattractants for human basophils in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 160:42-8. [PMID: 20035805 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 12/03/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The sensory neuropeptides secretoneurin (SN) and substance P (SP) are involved in "neurogenic" inflammatory processes as they occur in bronchial asthma or allergic rhinitis. A possible interaction with basophils has not been reported to date. Basophils were isolated from healthy donors by magnetic cell sorting technique and migration was explored using Boyden microchemotaxis chambers. SN [10(-8)M] and SP [10(-6) to 10(-8)M] proved to be chemoattractants equally potent to FMLP [10(-8)M] or LPS [10 pg/ml]. Specific anti-SN antibodies and a trypsinization preparation of SN were used to determine the specificity of the SN effect on basophils. The preincubation of basophils with neurokinin-1 (NK-1) or -2 (NK-2) receptor antagonists revealed the SP effect to act via NK-1 receptors in basophils. In addition, we were able to show phosphodiesterases and phosphoinositide-3 kinases to be engaged in the downstream signalling pathway. Our observations reveal for the first time a link between basophils, which are engaged in allergic processes, and the neuropeptides SN and SP. Furthermore, our data might suggest phosphodiesterases or phosphoinositide-3 kinases to be new therapeutic targets for the treatment of allergic diseases such as asthma or allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Cima
- Pneumology, Internal Medicine I, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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