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Denham AMJ, Haracz K, Bird ML, Bonevski B, Spratt NJ, Turner A, Chow WZ, Larkin M, Mabotuwana N, Janssen H. Non-pharmacological interventions to improve mental health outcomes among female carers of people living with a neurological condition: a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38859798 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2360648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review aims to examine the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for improving mental health outcomes among female carers of people living with a neurological condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS A narrative synthesis of English-language randomized controlled trials was undertaken. RESULTS 18 unique studies were included. Intervention components that were found to have improved mental health outcomes were: delivered in person, to groups, on an intermittent schedule with ≥10 sessions; had a duration between 3-6 months; and were facilitated by research staff or allied health professionals. As the review had few robust studies, results of mental health outcomes reported in studies assessed as low risk of bias were highlighted in the review. Psychoeducation interventions, cognitive behavioural interventions, and support group interventions were found to improve depression. Psychoeducation interventions were also found to improve burden. CONCLUSIONS There is a clear need for adequately powered, high-quality randomised controlled trials to determine the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for female carers of people living with a neurological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M J Denham
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - K Haracz
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - M L Bird
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - B Bonevski
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - N J Spratt
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Heart and Stroke Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- Department of Neurology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
| | - A Turner
- IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - W Z Chow
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, Singapore
| | - M Larkin
- School of Health, Wellbeing & Social Care, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - N Mabotuwana
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - H Janssen
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Hunter Stroke Service, Hunter New England Local Health District, New Lambton Heights, Australia
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Spiers G, Tan MMC, Astbury JL, Hall A, Ahmed N, Lanyi K, Williams O, Beyer F, Craig D, Hanratty B. What works to support carers of older people and older carers? an international evidence map of interventions and outcomes. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:301. [PMID: 38553679 PMCID: PMC10979610 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unpaid carers of older people, and older unpaid carers, experience a range of adverse outcomes. Supporting carers should therefore be a public health priority. Our understanding of what works to support carers could be enhanced if future evaluations prioritise under-researched interventions and outcomes. To support this, we aimed to: map evidence about interventions to support carers, and the outcomes evaluated; and identify key gaps in current evidence. METHODS Evidence gap map review methods were used. Searches were carried out in three bibliographic databases for quantitative evaluations of carer interventions published in OECD high-income countries between 2013 and 2023. Interventions were eligible if they supported older carers (50 + years) of any aged recipient, or any aged carers of older people (50 + years). FINDINGS 205 studies reported across 208 publications were included in the evidence map. The majority evaluated the impact of therapeutic and educational interventions on carer burden and carers' mental health. Some studies reported evidence about physical exercise interventions and befriending and peer support for carers, but these considered a limited range of outcomes. Few studies evaluated interventions that focused on delivering financial information and advice, pain management, and physical skills training for carers. Evaluations rarely considered the impact of interventions on carers' physical health, quality of life, and social and financial wellbeing. Very few studies considered whether interventions delivered equitable outcomes. CONCLUSION Evidence on what works best to support carers is extensive but limited in scope. A disproportionate focus on mental health and burden outcomes neglects other important areas where carers may need support. Given the impact of caring on carers' physical health, financial and social wellbeing, future research could evaluate interventions that aim to support these outcomes. Appraisal of whether interventions deliver equitable outcomes across diverse carer populations is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Spiers
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Michelle M C Tan
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jayne L Astbury
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alex Hall
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kate Lanyi
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Oleta Williams
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fiona Beyer
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Dawn Craig
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Barbara Hanratty
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Loi SM, Gaffy E, Malta S, Russell MA, Williams S, Ames D, Hill KD, Batchelor F, Cyarto EV, Haines T, Lautenschlager NT, Mackenzie L, Moore KJ, Savvas SM, Dow B. Effects of physical activity on depressive symptoms in older caregivers: The IMPACCT randomized controlled trial. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 39:e6058. [PMID: 38279894 DOI: 10.1002/gps.6058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical activity (PA) can reduce depressive symptoms but has not been tested amongst depressed older caregivers and their care-recipients. The aim of this single-blind randomized controlled trial was to investigate the effect of a 6-month tailored PA program on depressive symptoms in older caregivers. METHOD Caregivers were included if they had scores of ≥5 on the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15). Care-recipients could have any type of physical, mental or cognitive condition requiring support. The PA intervention group completed an individualized program based on the Otago-Plus Exercise Program. The primary outcome was improvement in depressive symptoms in caregivers measured at six and 12 months. RESULTS Two hundred and twelve participants (91 dyads and 30 caregivers only) were randomized using a 3:3:1 ratio to PA intervention, social-control, and usual-care control groups. There were no significant differences in depressive symptoms of the caregivers between the three groups at 6 months or 12 months. However, more than 50% of caregivers in all three groups no longer had a GDS-15 score ≥5 at 6 months. Further analysis revealed that caregivers in the PA group caring for someone with a standardised mini-mental state examination (SMMSE) score ≥24 had significantly less depressive symptoms than those caring for someone with a SMMSE score <24 compared with social-control (p < 0.02) and usual-care groups (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS A PA intervention may be beneficial for some caregivers in reducing symptoms of depression but may not be as beneficial to caregivers of people living with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Loi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Neuropsychiatry Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ellen Gaffy
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue Malta
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa A Russell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan Williams
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Ames
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- St Georges Hospital, Kew, Victoria, Australia
| | - Keith D Hill
- Rehabilitation Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frances Batchelor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Terence Haines
- Rehabilitation Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola T Lautenschlager
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Royal Melbourne Hospital Mental Health Services, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Kirsten J Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven M Savvas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Briony Dow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
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Ahn S, Cobb SJ, Crouter SE, Lee CE, Crane MK, Anderson JG. Physical activity together for couples living with mild cognitive impairment (PAT-MCI): A feasibility study. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 55:221-228. [PMID: 38035459 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment is a prodromal phase of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Cognitive and/or neuropsychiatric symptoms that could worsen over time cause challenges for patients and romantic partners, who often assume the role of informal caregivers. Although physical activity is beneficial, older adults with mild cognitive impairment and their romantic care partners are generally physically inactive. Our 16-week study was performed to see whether physical activity together is feasible to increase physical activity among four dyads (individuals with mild cognitive impairment and their spouses). Our dyadic intervention was feasible given more than 70 % of participants self-reported adherence to physical activity based on the guidelines for adults in the United States. In exit interviews, togetherness was highlighted as one of the biggest strengths of this study. Future studies with more representative samples are needed, as well as adopting a more tailored approach that accounts for individuals' levels of physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Ahn
- College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States.
| | - Sandra J Cobb
- College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Scott E Crouter
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Chung Eun Lee
- Paul H. Chook Department of Information Systems and Statistics, Baruch College, New York, New York, United States
| | - Monica K Crane
- Genesis Neuroscience Clinic, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Joel G Anderson
- College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
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Borges-Machado F, Barros D, Silva P, Marques P, Carvalho J, Ribeiro O. Should Caregivers Also Be Included in Multicomponent Physical-Exercise-Based Interventions for People with a Neurocognitive Disorder? The Caregivers' Perspective. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:86. [PMID: 37736886 PMCID: PMC10514810 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8050086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Informal caregivers of people with neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) may play a decisive role in guaranteeing partners' participation in community-based physical exercise interventions. However, little is still known about their perspective on being involved in such programs that are specifically designed for their partners. This study aimed to explore the views of caregivers of people with NCDs about taking part in a multicomponent physical exercise intervention with their partners and to explore the perceived impact of this program on those caregivers who enrolled in it. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted with 20 caregivers (67.5 ± 13.94 years; seven female) from the "Body & Brain" project. Ten took part in the physical exercise sessions (active-participating caregivers), and the others did not (social-participating caregivers). Data retrieved from semi-structured interviews were analyzed following a thematic analysis approach. Regardless of their participation level, all caregivers reported their inclusion to be important in enhancing their partners' initiation and engagement in the sessions; also, they all identified personal gains. Active-participating caregivers reported exercise-related benefits on general health, enjoyment, and social connectedness. Social-participating caregivers considered this intervention an opportunity for respite and appreciated being involved only occasionally (i.e., occasional gatherings or telephone contacts). The findings support the inclusion of caregivers in physical exercise interventions designed for partners with NCDs, considering their decisive role in the partners' adherence and engagement and due to the perceived gains. Future community-based interventions designed for people with NCDs should consider giving caregivers the opportunity to choose whether they want or not to be actively involved in the exercise sessions. Further studies with larger samples are needed to verify these results, comparing caregivers' point of view at baseline and post-intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Borges-Machado
- CIAFEL—Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (D.B.); (P.S.); (J.C.)
- Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- ITR—Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Duarte Barros
- CIAFEL—Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (D.B.); (P.S.); (J.C.)
- Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- ITR—Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Silva
- CIAFEL—Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (D.B.); (P.S.); (J.C.)
- Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- ITR—Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Marques
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.M.); (O.R.)
| | - Joana Carvalho
- CIAFEL—Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (D.B.); (P.S.); (J.C.)
- Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- ITR—Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Oscar Ribeiro
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.M.); (O.R.)
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Saúde (CINTESIS), Departamento de Educação e Psicologia da Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Montero-Cuadrado F, Barrero-Santiago L, Llamas-Ramos R, Llamas-Ramos I. Musculoskeletal Pain in Family Caregivers: Does a Therapeutic Physical Program in Primary Care Work? A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:185. [PMID: 36612507 PMCID: PMC9819112 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Family caregivers play a crucial role in the overall healthcare system and in our society. The elderly population is significantly increasing, which creates a high demand for family caregivers. Few studies have investigated the impact of caregiving on musculoskeletal pain or proposed an active approach for dealing with it. Objectives: To determine and characterize musculoskeletal pain in female family caregivers (FFCs) and assess the effects of adding a therapeutic exercise program to a family caregiver care program (FCCP) on the quality of life, physical conditions, and psychological well-being of FFCs. Methods: A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with 68 FFCs recruited in two public healthcare areas. The intervention and control groups received the same conventional FCCP for 6 h across 4 sessions. The intervention group received an additional 36 sessions of physical therapeutic exercise (PTE) program over 12 weeks. Results: All caregivers reported having pain in particular locations. Lower back pain and neck pain were the locations most frequently cited, with a prevalence of 69.4% and 56.7%, respectively. In total, 80% of participants presented moderate pain intensity. The intervention group showed a significant decrease in the intensity of the pain (p < 0.001), as well as in anxiety, depression, subjective burden perception (p < 0.01), and quality-of-life variables, including MCS (mental component summary) (p < 0.05) and PCS (physical component summary) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A PTE program improved the musculoskeletal pain of FFCs in a clinically relevant way. The caregivers who improved the most were those who initially presented the most intense pain, had the greatest levels of disability, and had the lowest quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Montero-Cuadrado
- Unit for Active Coping Strategies for Pain in Primary Care, East-Valladolid Primary Care Management, Castilla y Leon Public Health System (Sacyl), 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Barrero-Santiago
- Unit for Active Coping Strategies for Pain in Primary Care, East-Valladolid Primary Care Management, Castilla y Leon Public Health System (Sacyl), 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, Histology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rocío Llamas-Ramos
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, Avda. Donantes de Sangre s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inés Llamas-Ramos
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, Avda. Donantes de Sangre s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- University Hospital of Salamanca, P.º de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Evaluation of the Reitman Centre CARERS program for supporting dementia family caregivers: a pre-post intervention study. Int Psychogeriatr 2022; 34:827-838. [PMID: 33455610 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610220004019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While family caregivers (CGs) of persons with dementia are cost-effective for the health system, this form of caregiving leads to disproportionate vulnerability to physical, mental, and social adverse health consequences among CGs. The study goal was to determine the effect of the Reitman Centre CARERS program on key outcomes in family CGs of people with dementia. The Reitman Centre CARERS program is an innovative, group psychotherapeutic skills training intervention based on integrated problem-solving techniques (PST), simulation learning, and group psychotherapy designed to address each CGs' unique situation. DESIGN A quasi-experimental, non-randomized, pre-post evaluation, multiple groups, multisite trial. SETTING Multisite group intervention provided in community agencies and hospital-based locations. PARTICIPANTS Spousal or adult child family CGs (n = 264) living in the community and providing care to community-dwelling family members with dementia. MEASUREMENT CGs were assessed for depression (CES-D); stress (PSS); burden (12-item SZBI); role overload, mastery, caregiving competence, and role captivity (Perlin scales), coping (CISS - Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations), CG reactions to CR's memory and behavioral symptoms (RMBPC). Care recipients (CRs) were assessed on basic and complex activities of daily living (Katz and Lawton). Paired t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used for statistical analysis of both the whole group and a more compromised subgroup of CGs. RESULTS For the group as a whole, CGs showed significant positive change on post-intervention outcome measures of stress, depression, burden, competence, role captivity, overload, mastery, coping, and reaction to memory issues. The intervention showed especially robust effect sizes (ES) in more compromised CGs. These positive outcomes emerged despite a significant measured deterioration in CRs' function. CONCLUSION The CARERS program may be an effective multicomponent intervention to improve the well-being, functioning, and coping skills of dementia CGs.
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Effects of a Home-Based Exercise Program on Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Fitness in Dementia Caregivers: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159319. [DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Regular exercise can be an effective health-promotion strategy to improve the physical and mental health of informal caregivers. A randomized controlled trial study was designed to evaluate the effects of a 9-month home-based exercise intervention on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and physical fitness in female family caregivers of persons with dementia. Fifty-four female caregivers were randomly assigned to two groups for the 9-month study period. Participants of the intervention group (n = 25) performed two 60-min exercise sessions per week at home, under the direct supervision of a personal trainer. Participants in the control group (n = 23) continued their habitual leisure-time activities. HRQoL was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire, and physical fitness was measured using a battery of appropriate fitness tests. After 9 months, significant improvements were observed in general health, social function, vitality, hand and leg strength, trunk flexor and extensor endurance, and aerobic endurance in the intervention group. The present intervention was highly adherent and safe for the participants, with no dropout related to the intervention. As a home-based exercise program conducted by a personal trainer face to face, it can be considered as a feasible and appropriate method to improve the most deficient HRQoL dimensions and contribute to preserving the functional capacity of female family caregivers of persons with dementia.
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Denche-Zamorano Á, Muñoz-Bermejo L, Carlos-Vivas J, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Franco-García JM, Rojo-Ramos J, Vega-Muñoz A, Contreras-Barraza N, Barrios-Fernandez S. A Cross-Sectional Study about the Associations between Physical Activity Level, Self-Perceived Health Perception and Mental Health in Informal Caregivers of Elderly or People with Chronic Conditions in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5320. [PMID: 35564725 PMCID: PMC9101566 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Providing informal care for older people, or people with chronic conditions, is associated with poorer physical and mental health and reduced quality of life. This task, in many cases, often relies on the women in the immediate family. Physical activity (PA) is a tool to enhance caregivers' physical and mental health and their quality of life. Thus, this study aimed to analyse the associations between the physical activity level (PAL), self-perceived health (SPH) and mental health (SM) and its factors (positive coping, self-esteem, and stress) by conducting a cross-sectional study by using data from in the National Health Survey 2017 (ENSE 2017), the last one before the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample included 2225 caregivers (866 men and 1361 women). Descriptive analysis and non-parametric statistical tests, including chi-square, the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Spearman's rho correlation coefficient, were used. Dependence relationships were found between PAL and SPH and MH and their factors. The population groups that performed moderate or vigorous PA showed better results in both SPH and MH. Women scored worse than men in all the variables analysed. Hence, intense, or moderate PA practice may improve SPH and MH in Spanish informal caregivers, requiring the implementation of policies and programs considering the differences found between men and women in PAL, SPH, and MH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.); (J.C.-V.)
| | - Laura Muñoz-Bermejo
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (J.R.-R.); (S.B.-F.)
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.); (J.C.-V.)
| | - María Mendoza-Muñoz
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
| | - Juan Manuel Franco-García
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Jorge Rojo-Ramos
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (J.R.-R.); (S.B.-F.)
| | - Alejandro Vega-Muñoz
- Public Policy Observatory, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile;
| | | | - Sabina Barrios-Fernandez
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (J.R.-R.); (S.B.-F.)
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Zheng Y, Xu X, Zheng B. Clinical Observation on the Effect of Systematic Nursing Intervention on Cognitive Function, Life Activity Ability, and Quality of Life of Senile Dementia Patients. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:2839142. [PMID: 34675980 PMCID: PMC8526248 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2839142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of systematic nursing intervention on the life ability and quality of senile dementia patients. METHODS Total of 82 senile dementia patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were divided into two groups according to the random number table, and the nursing intervention was analyzed. 41 patients in the control group were given routine nursing care, and 41 patients in the observation group were given systematic nursing intervention. Patients were assessed cognitively using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). The Barthel index and SF-36 were used to evaluate the patients' daily activity function and quality of life. A Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) was used to assess mental distress. The Social-Adaptive Function Rating Scale (SAFE) and Social Skills Inventory (SSC) were used to evaluate the patients' social interaction ability before and after nursing intervention. Nursing satisfaction was distributed to patients in the form of a self-prepared nursing satisfaction questionnaire for scoring. RESULTS After the nursing intervention, the MoCA scores of patients in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After the nursing intervention, the Barthel index scores of patients in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After the nursing intervention, the SF-36 scores of patients in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After nursing intervention, the SCL-90-R scores of patients in the two groups were lower than those before nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After the nursing intervention, the SAFE scores of patients in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing intervention, and the safe scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). After the nursing intervention, the SSC scores of patients in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After nursing intervention, the total satisfaction degree of the control group (80.49%) was lower than that of the observation group (97.56%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The implementation of systematic nursing intervention is conducive to improve the cognitive function, activity of life, and quality of life of senile dementia patients who have a positive effect, and nursing satisfaction is higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zheng
- Xi'an Health School, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of General Practice, Jiangdong Branch of Zhuji People's Hospital, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, China
| | - Birong Zheng
- Department of General Practice, Jiangdong Branch of Zhuji People's Hospital, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, China
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Exercise can provide multiple health benefits for carers. Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:319-321. [PMID: 33970065 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610220003294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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