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Luo N, Ma L, Luo G, Xu C, Rao L, Chen Z, Cen Z, Feng Q, Chen X, Toyohisa F, Zhu Y, Hong J, Li JF, Zhang S. Well-defined double hysteresis loop in NaNbO3 antiferroelectrics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1776. [PMID: 36997552 PMCID: PMC10063644 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractAntiferroelectrics (AFEs) are promising candidates in energy-storage capacitors, electrocaloric solid-cooling, and displacement transducers. As an actively studied lead-free antiferroelectric (AFE) material, NaNbO3 has long suffered from its ferroelectric (FE)-like polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loops with high remnant polarization and large hysteresis. Guided by theoretical calculations, a new strategy of reducing the oxygen octahedral tilting angle is proposed to stabilize the AFE P phase (Space group Pbma) of NaNbO3. To validate this, we judiciously introduced CaHfO3 with a low Goldschmidt tolerance factor and AgNbO3 with a low electronegativity difference into NaNbO3, the decreased cation displacements and [BO6] octahedral tilting angles were confirmed by Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Of particular importance is that the 0.75NaNbO3−0.20AgNbO3−0.05CaHfO3 ceramic exhibits highly reversible phase transition between the AFE and FE states, showing well-defined double P-E loops and sprout-shaped strain-electric field curves with reduced hysteresis, low remnant polarization, high AFE-FE phase transition field, and zero negative strain. Our work provides a new strategy for designing NaNbO3-based AFE material with well-defined double P-E loops, which can also be extended to discover a variety of new lead-free AFEs.
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Ferenc Segedin D, Goodge BH, Pan GA, Song Q, LaBollita H, Jung MC, El-Sherif H, Doyle S, Turkiewicz A, Taylor NK, Mason JA, N'Diaye AT, Paik H, El Baggari I, Botana AS, Kourkoutis LF, Brooks CM, Mundy JA. Limits to the strain engineering of layered square-planar nickelate thin films. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1468. [PMID: 36928184 PMCID: PMC10020545 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The layered square-planar nickelates, Ndn+1NinO2n+2, are an appealing system to tune the electronic properties of square-planar nickelates via dimensionality; indeed, superconductivity was recently observed in Nd6Ni5O12 thin films. Here, we investigate the role of epitaxial strain in the competing requirements for the synthesis of the n = 3 Ruddlesden-Popper compound, Nd4Ni3O10, and subsequent reduction to the square-planar phase, Nd4Ni3O8. We synthesize our highest quality Nd4Ni3O10 films under compressive strain on LaAlO3 (001), while Nd4Ni3O10 on NdGaO3 (110) exhibits tensile strain-induced rock salt faults but retains bulk-like transport properties. A high density of extended defects forms in Nd4Ni3O10 on SrTiO3 (001). Films reduced on LaAlO3 become insulating and form compressive strain-induced c-axis canting defects, while Nd4Ni3O8 films on NdGaO3 are metallic. This work provides a pathway to the synthesis of Ndn+1NinO2n+2 thin films and sets limits on the ability to strain engineer these compounds via epitaxy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Berit H Goodge
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Grace A Pan
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Myung-Chul Jung
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Spencer Doyle
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ari Turkiewicz
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicole K Taylor
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jarad A Mason
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alpha T N'Diaye
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Hanjong Paik
- Platform for the Accelerated Realization, Analysis, and Discovery of Interface Materials (PARADIM), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | | | - Antia S Botana
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Lena F Kourkoutis
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Julia A Mundy
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Fleck EE, Barone MR, Nair HP, Schreiber NJ, Dawley NM, Schlom DG, Goodge BH, Kourkoutis LF. Atomic-Scale Mapping and Quantification of Local Ruddlesden-Popper Phase Variations. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:10095-10101. [PMID: 36473700 PMCID: PMC9801418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Ruddlesden-Popper (An+1BnO3n+1) compounds are highly tunable materials whose functional properties can be dramatically impacted by their structural phase n. The negligible differences in formation energies for different n can produce local structural variations arising from small stoichiometric deviations. Here, we present a Python analysis platform to detect, measure, and quantify the presence of different n-phases based on atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images. We employ image phase analysis to identify horizontal Ruddlesden-Popper faults within the lattice images and quantify the local structure. Our semiautomated technique considers effects of finite projection thickness, limited fields of view, and lateral sampling rates. This method retains real-space distribution of layer variations allowing for spatial mapping of local n-phases to enable quantification of intergrowth occurrence and qualitative description of their distribution suitable for a wide range of layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Fleck
- School
of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Matthew R. Barone
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Hari P. Nair
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Nathaniel J. Schreiber
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Natalie M. Dawley
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Darrell G. Schlom
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Kavli
Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Leibniz-Institut
für Kristallzüchtung, Max-Born-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Berit H. Goodge
- School
of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lena F. Kourkoutis
- School
of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Kavli
Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Zhang H, Peng R, Wen H, Xie H, Liu Z. A hybrid method for lattice image reconstruction and deformation analysis. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:385706. [PMID: 35696988 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac780f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Geometric phase analysis (GPA) is a powerful tool to investigate the deformation in nanoscale measurement, especially in dealing with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images. The traditional GPA method using the fast Fourier transform is built on the relationship between the displacement and the phase difference. In this paper, a nano-grid method based on real-space lattice image processing was firstly proposed to enable the measurement of nanoscale interface flatness, and the thickness of different components. Then, a hybrid method for lattice image reconstruction and deformation analysis was developed. The hybrid method enables simultaneous real-space and frequency-domain processing, thus, compensating for the shortcomings of the GPA method when measuring samples with large deformations or containing cracks while retaining its measurement accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Zhang
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Runlai Peng
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Wen
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Xie
- AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanwei Liu
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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