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Wang Q, Wang Z, Kamimoto T, Deguchi Y, Cao S, Wen D, Takahara D. Multi-species hydrocarbon measurement using TDLAS with a wide scanning range DFG laser. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 265:120333. [PMID: 34536892 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is a widely used diagnostic technique due to its high sensitivity, fast response, low cost, and other merits. Hydrocarbon detection is a field of great interest in the application of tunable diode lasers as hydrocarbons are fundamental molecules in many industrial processes. Many tunable diode lasers are only suitable for single species detection due to the short scanning range and in real situations. However, different hydrocarbon species tend to exist simultaneously. Here we present a laser system based on the difference-frequency generation (DFG) method for simultaneous hydrocarbon mixtures detection. The direct absorption spectra of different hydrocarbons covering various groups (e.g., alkane, olefin, and aromatic) were measured. The measurements of the concentration dependence of absorbance for each molecule were carried out. The R2 values were larger than 0.997, which demonstrated the system can measure hydrocarbons covering different molecular classes accurately. The mixture components were identified using the independent component analysis and quantitative analysis was performed using the classical least-squares method. Future studies will focus on the validation of the system in actual processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Wang
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Takahiro Kamimoto
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Deguchi
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Shengli Cao
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan; School of Power and Energy Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Du Wen
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Daichi Takahara
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan
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Spafiu F, Beteringhe A, Mischie A. Algebraic conditions, in terms of the solvent partition constants, for the separation of chemical classes by gas–liquid chromatography. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1297830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Spafiu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of The Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A. Beteringhe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of The Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A. Mischie
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of The Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
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Muñoz R, Sivret EC, Parcsi G, Lebrero R, Wang X, Suffet IHM, Stuetz RM. Monitoring techniques for odour abatement assessment. WATER RESEARCH 2010; 44:5129-49. [PMID: 20696458 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Odorous emissions from sewers and wastewater treatment plants are a complex mixture of volatile chemicals that can cause annoyance to local populations, resulting in complaints to wastewater operators. Due to the variability in hedonic tone and chemical character of odorous emissions, no analytical technique can be applied universally for the assessment of odour abatement performance. Recent developments in analytical methodologies, specifically gas chromatography, odour assessment approaches (odour wheels, the odour profile method and dynamic olfactometry), and more recently combined gas chromatography-sensory analysis, have contributed to improvements in our ability to assesses odorous emissions in terms of odorant concentration and composition. This review collates existing knowledge with the aim of providing new insight into the effectiveness of sensorial and characterisation approaches to improve our understanding of the fate of odorous emissions during odour abatement. While research in non-specific sensor array (e-nose) technology has resulted in progress in the field of continuous odour monitoring, more successful long term case-studies are still needed to overcome the early overoptimistic performance expectations. Knowledge gaps still remain with regards to the decomposition of thermally unstable volatile compounds (especially sulfur compounds), the inability to predict synergistic, antagonistic, or additive interactions among odorants in combined chemical/sensorial analysis techniques, and the long term stability of chemical sensors due to sensor drift, aging, temperature/relative humidity effects, and temporal variations. Future odour abatement monitoring will require the identification of key odorants to facilitate improved process selection, design and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Muñoz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, Valladolid University, Paseo del Prado de la Magdalena, s/n, 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
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Beteringhe A, Radutiu A, Culita D, Mischie A, Spafiu F. Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship (QSRR) Study for Predicting Gas Chromatographic Retention Times for Some Stationary Phases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200730097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kobayashi Y, Soetrisno, Kodama K, Saigo K. Enantioselective inclusion of chiral alkyl aryl sulfoxides in a supramolecular helical channel consisting of an enantiopure 1,2-amino alcohol and an achiral carboxylic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Cyclodextrin Derivatives as Chiral Supramolecular Receptors for Enantioselective Sensing. SENSORS 2006. [DOI: 10.3390/s6060593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Casamento S, Konza E, Du Pasquier E, Royds D. Evaluation of a Portable Gas Chromatograph for the Detection of Ignitable Liquids. CANADIAN SOCIETY OF FORENSIC SCIENCE JOURNAL 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00085030.2005.10757591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Thurbide KB, Cooke BW, Aue WA. Novel flame photometric detector for gas chromatography based on counter-current gas flows. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1029:193-203. [PMID: 15032365 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel analytical device has been developed for gas chromatography. It is based on optical emission from a counter-current (i.e. counter-flowing) air or oxygen flame, which burns in an opposing stream of hydrogen and column effluent. The flame is typically positioned "upside down" on the upper (air) jet, which faces the lower (hydrogen + effluent) jet. It can also be positioned on the lower jet, be connected to both jets, or be suspended in the gap between them. Excellent stability can be obtained in any of these modes. Overall, this new "counter-current flame photometric detector" (ccFPD) responds to analytes in the manner of a conventional flame photometric detector (FPD); however, it can be operated over a much wider range of gas flows. For instance, the same physical ccFPD burner easily supports stable flames of air flows between 5 and 200 ml/min and corresponding hydrogen flows between 5 and 10,000 ml/min. Visual observation of the counter-current flame, in the presence of sulfur and phosphorus as test analytes, reveals intense, steady luminescence under a wide variety of conditions. Additionally, and in contrast to the commercial FPD, flame conductivity signals can be obtained that are similar in quality to those produced by a conventional flame ionization detector (FID). Thus the ccFPD is a flexible, easily optimized photometric detector. The exceptional flow stability of the ccFPD was used to explore the earlier reported phenomenon of strong signal/noise (S/N) ratios, which had been obtained for hetero-elements of the iron group from a conventional FPD with a small, stoichiometric flame. Results using the ccFPD, which also exhibits this unusual response, indicate that these high S/N ratios are only partly due to the predictable decrease in flame noise with decreasing flame size. Contrary to expectations, the absolute analyte signal often increases as the flame size decreases to the point of extinction. The signal intensity and the magnitude of the observed changes depend to some degree on the flame composition (H2/O2 ratio).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B Thurbide
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N. W., Calgary, Alta., T2N 1N4 Canada.
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Thurbide KB, Anderson CD, Gilbert S, Aue WA. Gas chromatographic detection of organometallic compounds by reactive-flow photometry. Anal Chim Acta 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(02)01419-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Saito Y, Imaizumi M, Nakata K, Takeichi T, Kotera K, Wada H, Jinno K. Fibrous rigid-rod heterocyclic polymer as the stationary phase in packed capillary gas chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/mcs.10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Structurally diverse quantitative structure--property relationship correlations of technologically relevant physical properties. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND COMPUTER SCIENCES 2000; 40:1-18. [PMID: 10661545 DOI: 10.1021/ci9903206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ragunathan N, Krock KA, Klawun C, Sasaki TA, Wilkins CL. Gas chromatography with spectroscopic detectors. J Chromatogr A 1999; 856:349-97. [PMID: 10526796 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, capillary gas chromatography (GC) with Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and/or mass spectral (MS) detection has become a primary analytical tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis of complex mixtures. Because of the wide range of applications, the analytical requirements have motivated a variety of chromatographic and detection developments. This review examines those, illustrating with applications that demonstrate the power of GC and multidimensional GC-MS, GC-FT-IR and GC-FT-IR-MS systems for solving a variety of analytical problems. In addition, the article discusses the integrated performance of such analytical systems with the aid of recent sample introduction and computer data analysis advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ragunathan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA
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Chen F, Hu S, Yu M. Adaptive numerical morphological filter for identifying chromatographic signals. J Chromatogr A 1999; 855:305-15. [PMID: 10514995 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00663-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A morphological algorithm has been proposed to filter away impulsive noises confounded in the chromatographic signal. Compared with the conventional median filtering method, the results showed that the proposed method has the advantages of a better filtering effect and less distortion. In particular, the morphological filter with adaptive scale gives very good results.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chen
- Intelligence Information Engineering Institution, Zhejiang University, HangZhou, China
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Harms A, van Elteren J, Wolterbeek H, de Goeij J. A dual radiotracer speciation technique with emphasis on probing of artefacts: a case study for technetium and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Anal Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(99)00315-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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