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Michaloliakos AI, Nikoleli GP, Siontorou CG, Nikolelis DP. Rapid Flow Injection Electrochemical Detection of Arochlor 1242 Using Stabilized Lipid Membranes with Incorporated Sheep anti-PCB Antibody. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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2
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Immunoaffinity chromatography: an introduction to applications and recent developments. Bioanalysis 2011; 2:769-90. [PMID: 20640220 DOI: 10.4155/bio.10.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) combines the use of LC with the specific binding of antibodies or related agents. The resulting method can be used in assays for a particular target or for purification and concentration of analytes prior to further examination by another technique. This review discusses the history and principles of IAC and the various formats that can be used with this method. An overview is given of the general properties of antibodies and of antibody-production methods. The supports and immobilization methods used with antibodies in IAC and the selection of application and elution conditions for IAC are also discussed. Several applications of IAC are considered, including its use in purification, immunodepletion, direct sample analysis, chromatographic immunoassays and combined analysis methods. Recent developments include the use of IAC with CE or MS, ultrafast immunoextraction methods and the use of immunoaffinity columns in microanalytical systems.
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Frost SJ, Firth GB, Chakraborty J. A Novel Colourimetric Homogeneous Liposomal Immunoassay Using Sulphorhodamine B. J Liposome Res 2008; 4:1159-1182. [DOI: 10.3109/08982109409018627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Frost
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Princess Royal Hospital, Haywards Heath, Sussex, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Gary B Firth
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Princess Royal Hospital, Haywards Heath, Sussex, UK
| | - Jessie Chakraborty
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
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Horie M, Yanagisawa H, Sugawara M. Fluorometric immunoassay based on pH-sensitive dye-encapsulating liposomes and gramicidin channels. Anal Biochem 2007; 369:192-201. [PMID: 17718997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2007.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2007] [Revised: 06/29/2007] [Accepted: 07/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a new method for direct fluorometric immunoassay with a liposome array using pH-sensitive dye (BCECF [2',7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-4 or 5-carboxyfluorescein])-encapsulating liposomes immobilized on an avidin slip and gramicidin channels. The liposomes were composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC), cholesterol (Chol), biotinylated phosphatidylethanolamine (B-cap-PE), and recognition sites (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) [DNP-PE], Fab' fragment of anti-substance P, and Fab' of anti-neurokinin A). The addition of gramicidin induced release of H(+) ions from the inner solution (pH 5.5) to the outer one (pH 7.8), enhancing fluorescence of BCECF (1.0mM) encapsulated in liposome. The binding of an analyte (anti-dinitrophenyl [anti-DNP], avidin, substance P, or neurokinin A) to the membrane-bound recognition sites caused further enhancement of fluorescence of BCECF due to a local distortion of the bilayer structure that affects the channel kinetics of gramicidin. The intensity of fluorescence from the immobilized liposomes 60 min after the addition of gramicidin (10 ng/ml) increased with an increase in the concentration of anti-DNP ranging from 1.2 x 10(-8) to 1.2 x 10(-6)g/ml, avidin ranging from 1.0 x 10(-8) to 1.0 x 10(-6)g/ml, substance P ranging from 1.0 x 10(-8) to 1.0 x 10(-6)g/ml, and neurokinin A ranging from 1.0 x 10(-8) to 1.0 x 10(-6)g/ml. The direct fluorometric immunoassay with a liposome array is simple and easy to carry out. The intensity of fluorescence emitted from the immobilized liposomes is directly measured after incubation with a sample solution and a gramicidin solution in sequence without washing steps. The assay allows simultaneous quantification of multiple components without labeling of antibody or antigen with a fluorescent tag. The liposome-based assay is discussed in terms of principle, sensitivity, and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieko Horie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
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Liu P, Pu Q, Su Z. Online Separation and Preconcentration of Gold and Palladium on Amidinothiourea Immobilized Glass Bead for Interference-Free Flame Atom Absorption Spectrometry Determination. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10809-005-0208-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Nelson MA, Reiter WS, Hage DS. Chromatographic competitive binding immunoassays: a comparison of the sequential and simultaneous injection methods. Biomed Chromatogr 2003; 17:188-200. [PMID: 12717809 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Two approaches for performing competitive binding immunoassays by HPLC and other flow-based systems are the simultaneous and sequential injection methods. Both these techniques make use of a column with a limited amount of antibody, onto which is injected a sample and a fixed amount of a labeled analyte analog. An indirect measure of the unlabeled analyte in the sample is then obtained by looking at the amount of analog in either the nonretained or retained peaks. In the simultaneous injection mode, the sample and labeled analog are applied at the same time to the column, while in the sequential mode the sample is injected first, followed by the analog. This results in a difference in the analytical characteristics of these two approaches. This study used chromatographic theory and previous data obtained for injections of human serum albumin (HSA) onto an anti-HSA antibody column to compare the response, detection limits, range, and sensitivity of these methods. Under equivalent conditions, it was found that the sequential method always provided the best lower limit of detection and sensitivity. However, the simultaneous mode had a broader dynamic range and higher upper limit of detection. From these observations, several guidelines were developed regarding the use and selection of such assays for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Anne Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
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Liu P, Pu Q, Sun Q, Su Z. On-line separation and preconcentration of silver ion on amidino-thiourea immobilized glass beads packing in flow injection analysis with atomic absorption spectrometric detection. ANAL SCI 2003; 19:409-14. [PMID: 12675350 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Amidino-thiourea immobilized glass beads (AGB I) were prepared and used as the microcolumn packing for the flow injection (FI) on-line separation and preconcentration of Ag(I) coupled with atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) determination. Base metal ions and anions with a concentration of 2.0 mg mL(-1) had no interference with the determination of Ag(I). The limit of detection (LOD) of Ag(I) for a preconcentration time of 60 s with a sampling flow rate of 5.0 mL min(-1) for 40.0 ng mL(-1) of Ag(I) were 0.50 ng mL(-1) with the peak-height absorbance mode and 1.26 ng mL(-1) with the peak-area absorbance mode, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of 7 replicate determinations were 0.9% and 0.7% for the peak-height absorbance (H) and the peak-area absorbance (A), respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Ag(I) in ore samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Chemistry Department of Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
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Abstract
Liposomes with encapsulated carboxyfluorescein were used in an affinity-based assay to provide signal amplification for small-volume fluorescence measurements. Microfluidic channels were fabricated by imprinting in a plastic substrate material, poly(ethylene terephthalate glycol) (PETG), using a silicon template imprinting tool. Streptavidin was linked to the surface through biotinylated-protein for effective immobilization with minimal nonspecific adsorption of the liposome reagent. Lipids derivatized with biotin were incorporated into the liposome membrane to make the liposomes reactive for affinity assays. Specific binding of the liposomes to microchannel walls, dependence of binding on incubation time, and nonspecific adsorption of the liposome reagent were evaluated. The results of a competitive assay employing liposomes in the microchannels are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie E Locascio
- Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8394, USA.
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Ho JAA, Durst RA. Development of a flow-injection liposome immunoanalysis system for fumonisin B1. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)00786-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Hage DS, Thomas DH, Chowdhuri AR, Clarke W. Development of a theoretical model for chromatographic-based competitive binding immunoassays with simultaneous injection of sample and label. Anal Chem 1999; 71:2965-75. [PMID: 10450148 DOI: 10.1021/ac990070s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the theory and behavior of an HPLC-based chromatographic competitive binding immunoassay with the simultaneous injection of sample and a labeled analyte analogue. Equations based on nonlinear chromatographic theory were derived to describe the calibration curve for this assay in a system with adsorption-limited kinetics and homogeneous binding sites. These equations related the assay response (B/Bo) to the column's binding capacity, the moles of injected analyte or labeled analogue, and the flow rate/adsorption kinetics of the system. There was good agreement between the predicted theoretical response and experimental data obtained for the binding of human serum albumin (HSA) to an immobilized anti-HSA antibody column. This theory was also successful in describing the changes that occurred in the calibration curve when the flow rate or amount of labeled analogue applied to the column was varied. A comparison was made between the results of this study and previous theoretical work that examined the behavior of a related, sequential injection competitive binding method. On the basis of the results reported in this work, several general guidelines were developed for the design and optimization of simultaneous injection methods for use in such areas as clinical testing, pharmaceutical analysis, and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68588-0304, USA
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Abstract
AbstractAffinity chromatography is a type of liquid chromatography that makes use of biological-like interactions for the separation and specific analysis of sample components. This review describes the basic principles of affinity chromatography and examines its use in the testing of clinical samples, with an emphasis on HPLC-based methods. Some traditional applications of this approach include the use of boronate, lectin, protein A or protein G, and immunoaffinity supports for the direct quantification of solutes. Newer techniques that use antibody-based columns for on- or off-line sample extraction are examined in detail, as are methods that use affinity chromatography in combination with other analytical methods, such as reversed-phase liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis. Indirect analyte detection methods are also described in which immunoaffinity chromatography is used to perform flow-based immunoassays. Other applications that are reviewed include affinity-based chiral separations and the use of affinity chromatography for the study of drug or hormone interactions with binding proteins. Some areas of possible future developments are then considered, such as tandem affinity methods and the use of synthetic dyes, immobilized metal ions, molecular imprints, or aptamers as affinity ligands for clinical analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, 738 Hamilton Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304. Fax 402-472-9402; e-mail
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Hage DS. Survey of recent advances in analytical applications of immunoaffinity chromatography. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1998; 715:3-28. [PMID: 9792495 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00621-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Methods that use immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) for sample preparation or detection are becoming increasingly popular as tools in the analysis of biological and nonbiological compounds. This paper presents an overview of immunoaffinity chromatography and examines some recent developments of this technique in analytical applications. The emphasis is placed on HPLC-based IAC methods or those that combine IAC with other instrumental techniques; however, novel approaches that employ low-performance IAC columns for chemical quantitation are also considered. Particular applications that are examined include (1) the use of IAC in the direct detection of analytes, (2) the extraction of samples by IAC prior to on- or off-line detection by other methods, (3) the use of IAC in chromatographic-based immunoassays, and (4) the development of postcolumn reactors based on IAC for the detection of analytes as they elute from other types of chromatographic columns. The advantages and limitations for each approach are considered. In addition, a summary is provided of reports in the literature that have used IAC for these various formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68588-0304, USA
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Hennion MC, Barcelo D. Strengths and limitations of immunoassays for effective and efficient use for pesticide analysis in water samples: A review. Anal Chim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(97)00608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Various aspects of the application of liposomes as a label in immunoassays are reviewed. Methods for the preparation of liposomes, from the basic film method to the more advanced dehydration-rehydration method, are discussed. Furthermore, the markers used in liposome labels, as well as the methods to conjugate liposomes to antigens or antibodies, are summarized. Liposome immunoassays are applied as homogeneous or heterogeneous assays. Homogeneous assays often rely on the lytic activity of complement on antibody-associated liposomes. Another group of homogeneous assays utilizes the inhibitory action of antibodies on the activity of conjugates of mellitin (a bee venom protein) with a hapten. Free mellitin conjugates are able to lyse liposomes effectively. Heterogeneous liposome immunoassays, performed either competitively or non-competitively, resemble more closely standard enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, with the enzyme being replaced by a liposome label. Washing steps are used to separate antigen-specifically bound liposomes from unbound liposomes. All bound liposomes are lysed with a detergent, giving an instantaneous amplification. Flow-injection liposome immunoassays and liposome immunosensors are also described as examples of other possible immunoassay formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Rongen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Utrecht University, Netherlands.
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Immunochemical Methods and Biosensors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-9244(97)80007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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16
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Nikolelis DP, Siontorou CG, Andreou VG, Viras KG, Krull UJ. Bilayer lipid membranes as electrochemical detectors for flow injection immunoanalysis. ELECTROANAL 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.1140071116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Edwards AJ, Durst RA. Flow-injection liposome immunoanalysis (FILIA) with electrochemical detection. ELECTROANAL 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.1140070909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Flow-injection liposome immunoanalysis (FILIA) for alachlor. Talanta 1994; 41:1747-53. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(94)00163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/1994] [Revised: 04/26/1994] [Accepted: 04/26/1994] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Siebert STA, Reeves SG, Durst RA. Liposome immunomigration field assay device for Alachlor determination. Anal Chim Acta 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-2670(93)80214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Puchades R, Maquieira A, Atienza J, Montoya A. A Comprehensive Overview on the Application of Flow Injection Techniques in Immunoanalysis. Crit Rev Anal Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/10408349208050857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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