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Lin IM, Tsai RS, Chou YT, Chiang YW. Photonic Crystal Reflectors with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Discriminability for Detecting Extremely Low-Concentration Surfactants. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45249-45259. [PMID: 37699537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing a facile, intuitive, ultrahigh-sensitive sensor to detect harmful substances in water is critical. Here, an ultrahigh-sensitive sensor is fabricated using a quaternized lamellae-structured polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) block copolymer (BCP), capable of detecting the heavily used surfactants including sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium methyl sulfate (SMS) through direct visualization of the structural color change. Two distinct detecting mechanisms, including unexpected blue-shifting and red-shifting reflectance wavelengths, are found for low and high concentrations of the SDS surfactant, respectively, due to concentration-dependent compatibility between the quaternized P2VP (QP2VP) block chains and SDS molecules. As the SDS concentration is low (0-1 mM), the QP2VP chains undergo the counter anionic exchange with the hydrophobic alkyl chains of the SDS, resulting in a blue shift toward colorlessness. In contrast, as the SDS concentration is high (>1 mM), the nanoaggregation of the SDS molecules in the layered QP2VP microdomain leads to enhanced hydration nature and increased lamellar periodicity with the red-shifting reflectance wavelength. In contrast, SMS with weaker hydrophobicity results in unchanged and red-shifting reflectance wavelengths at low and high concentrations. Inspired by this, detecting the extremely low-concentration SDS surfactant (0.01 mM) by direct visualization is achieved. The structural color change for surfactant detection also exhibits excellent reversibility and discriminability, providing a straightforward method of detecting anionic surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Sheng Tsai
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chou
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yeo-Wan Chiang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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2
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Multi-particle frits for packed capillary columns in electrochromatographic use. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1595:221-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Visual and reversible carbon dioxide sensing enabled by doctor blade coated macroporous photonic crystals. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 506:319-328. [PMID: 28738283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With significant impacts of carbon dioxide on global climate change, carbon dioxide sensing is of great importance. However, most of the existing sensing technologies are prone to interferences from carbon monoxide, or suffer from the use of sophisticated instruments. This research reports the development of reproducible carbon dioxide sensor using roll-to-roll compatible doctor blade coated three-dimensional macroporous photonic crystals. The pores are functionalized with amine groups to allow the reaction with carbon dioxide in the presence of humidity. The adsorption of carbon dioxide leads to red-shift and amplitude reduction of the optical stop bands, resulting in carbon dioxide detection with visible readout. The dependences of the diffraction wavelength on carbon dioxide partial pressure for various amine-functionalized photonic crystals and different humidities in the environment are systematically investigated. In addition, the reproducibility of carbon dioxide sensing has also been demonstrated in this research.
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Chiu CF, Tsai HP, Chen YC, He YX, Lin KYA, Yang H. Self-Assembled Curved Macroporous Photonic Crystal-Based Surfactant Detectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:26333-26340. [PMID: 28722392 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b06668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants are extensively used as detergents, dispersants, and emulsifiers. Thus, wastewater containing high-concentration surfactants discharged to the environment pose a serious threat to the ecosystem. Unfortunately, conventional detection methods for surfactants suffer from the use of sophisticated instruments and cannot perform detections for various surfactants by a single analysis. The article reports the development of simple and sensitive surfactant detection using doctor-blade-coated three-dimensional curved macroporous photonic crystals on a cylindrical rod. The photonic crystals exhibit different hydrophobicities at various angular positions after surface modification. The penetration of aqueous surfactant solutions in the interconnected macropores causes red-shift as well as reduction in amplitude in the optical stop bands, resulting in surfactant detection with visible readout. The correlation between the surface tension, as well as the solution-infiltrated angular position, and the concentration of aqueous surfactant solutions has also been investigated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Fu Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Civil Engineering, and §Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University , 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Civil Engineering, and §Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University , 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Civil Engineering, and §Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University , 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Xuan He
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Civil Engineering, and §Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University , 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Civil Engineering, and §Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University , 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hongta Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Civil Engineering, and §Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University , 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Wei Z, Bilbulian S, Li J, Pandey R, O'Connor E, Casas‐Finet J, Cash P. Universal method for the determination of nonionic surfactant content in the presence of protein. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:1318-25. [PMID: 25631386 PMCID: PMC5024075 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A new analytical method has been developed for the quantitative determination of ethylene glycol-containing nonionic surfactants, such as polyethylene glycol 8000, polysorbate 80, and Pluronic F-68. These surfactants are commonly used in pharmaceutical protein preparations, thus, testing in the presence of protein is required. This method is based on the capillary gas chromatographic analysis of ethylene glycol diacetate formed by hydrolysis and acetylation of surfactants that contain ethylene glycol. Protein samples containing free surfactants were hydrolyzed and acetylated with acetic anhydride in the presence of p-toluene sulfonic acid. Acetylated ethylene glycol was extracted with dichloromethane and analyzed by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector. The amount of nonionic surfactant in the sample was determined by comparing the released ethylene glycol diacetate signal to that measured from calibration standards. The limits of quantitation of the method were 5.0 μg/mL for polyethylene glycol 8000 and Pluronic F-68, and 50 μg/mL for polysorbate 80. This method can be applied to determine the polyethylene glycol content in PEGylated proteins or the final concentration of polysorbate 80 in a protein drug in a quality control environment.
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Cheong WJ. Fritting techniques in chromatography. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:603-17. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Won Jo Cheong
- Department of Chemistry; Inha University; Namku; Incheon South Korea
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7
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Analyses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seafood by capillary electrochromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1313:132-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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8
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Li Z, Liu L, Song S, Guo S, Kuang H, Xu C. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for octylphenol. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2013.821597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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9
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Zhang JT, Smith N, Asher SA. Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Surfactant Detection. Anal Chem 2012; 84:6416-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300174m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Tao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Natasha Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Sanford A. Asher
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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Guo S, Nakano K, Nakajima H, Uchiyama K, Hemmi A, Yamasaki Y, Morooka S, Ishimatsu R, Imato T. Chemiluminescence immunoassay for a nonionic surfactant using a compact disc-type microfluidic platform. PURE APPL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-11-10-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A simple and pump-free chemiluminescence immunoassay based on a compact disc (CD)-type microfluidic platform for the determination of alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APnEOs) is described. The method is based on a competitive immunoreaction of the anti-APnEOs antibody immobilized on the magnetic microbeads between APnEOs and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled APnEOs in the sample solution. The luminol solution containing H2O2 and enhancer is caused to flow from one reservoir in the platform to another by appropriate adjustment of the speed of the rotation of the disc. The detection limit was similar to that reported in our previous paper, i.e., 10 ppb according to IC80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Koji Nakano
- 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hizuru Nakajima
- 2Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Katsumi Uchiyama
- 2Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Akihide Hemmi
- 3Mebius Advanced Technology Ltd., Tokyo, 167-0042, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yamasaki
- 4Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Morooka
- 4Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Ishimatsu
- 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Imato
- 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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11
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Stanley B, Lucy CA. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography with acid labile surfactant. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1226:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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12
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Bragg W, Shamsi SA. Development of a fritless packed column for capillary electrochromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8691-700. [PMID: 22035695 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel procedure was developed for the fabrication of a fritless packed column for the coupling of capillary electrochromatography (CEC) to mass spectrometry (MS). The process involved the formation of internal tapers on two separate columns. Once the internal tapers are formed and the columns are packed, the untapered ends of each column were joined together by a commercially available connector. Several advantages of the fritless columns are described. First, the design used here eventually eliminates the need for any frits thus reducing the possibility of bubble formation seen with fritted packed columns. In addition, this is the first report in which the internal tapers are formed at both the inlet and outlet column ends making the fritless CEC-MS column more robust compared to only one report with externally tapered counterparts. Second, a comparison of internally tapered single frit packed CEC-MS (previously developed in our laboratory) column versus fritless CEC-MS column reported here shows that the latter provides better efficiency, suggesting no dead volume with equally good sensitivity and chiral resolution of (±)-aminoglutethimide. The fritless column procedure is universal and was used to prepare a series of columns with a variety of commercially available packing material (mixed mode strong cation exchange, SCX; mixed mode strong anion exchange, SAX; C-18) for the separation and MS detection of short chain non-chromophoric polar amines, long chain nonchromophic anionic surfactant as well as oligomers of non-chromophoric non-ionic surfactants, respectively. The fritless columns showed good intra-day repeatability and inter-day reproducibility of retention times, chiral and achiral resolutions and peak areas. Very satisfactory column-to-column and operator-to-operator reproducibility was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Bragg
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
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13
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Cheng YJ, Huang SH, Singco B, Huang HY. Analyses of sulfonamide antibiotics in meat samples by on-line concentration capillary electrochromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7640-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Plata MR, Contento AM, Ríos Á. Analytical characterization of alcohol-ethoxylate substances by instrumental separation techniques. Trends Analyt Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Chen CJ, Tseng MC, Lin HJ, Lin TW, Chen YR. Visual indicator for surfactant abundance in MS-based membrane and general proteomics applications. Anal Chem 2011; 82:8283-90. [PMID: 20828166 DOI: 10.1021/ac1017937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The existence of surfactants in proteomics samples can severely reduce enzymatic digestion efficiency, liquid chromatography (LC) separation efficiency, column lifetime, and mass spectrometry (MS) sensitivity. Although various techniques are able to remove surfactants, surfactants may occasionally be retained in samples due to variations in sample preparation method or personal skill. Evaluation of surfactant residue in a sample, however, usually requires an additional instrument and is time-consuming. In this study, a simple and rapid visual indicator for surfactant abundance (VISA) was developed. With the detection of a visible surfactant pellet in the solution, this assay was able to detect surfactant residue in aqueous solutions within 5 min. Without the need of additional equipment such as a mass spectrometer, every user can perform a quick test on their bench before sending the sample to the MS facility. The detection limit for the commonly used surfactants, Triton X-114 and SDS, was about 0.0005% and 0.0002%, respectively. The VISA was successfully applied to evaluate the efficiency of removal of surfactants in Triton X-114 extracted membrane proteins using tube-gel. With the combination of Triton X-114 extraction and tube-gel protocol, a study of spermatozoa membrane proteome identified about 252 proteins of which about 67.5% were classified as membrane proteins. The coexistence of protein and surfactant did not affect the VISA sensitivity, suggesting that this indicator is suitable for proteomics applications. The VISA also has potential for the detection of other surfactants and can be applied to other surfactant removing protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Jung Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529
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Gallart-Ayala H, Moyano E, Galceran MT. Recent advances in mass spectrometry analysis of phenolic endocrine disruptors and related compounds. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2010; 29:776-805. [PMID: 19367629 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews recent literature on current methodologies based on chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to analyze phenolic compounds with endocrine-disrupting capabilities. For this review we chose alkylphenol ethoxylates, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and their degradation products and halogenated derivatives, which are considered important environmental contaminants. Additionally, some related compounds such as bisphenol diglycidylethers were included. Growing attention has been paid to the mass spectrometric characterization of these compounds and the instrumentation and strategies used for their quantification and confirmation. The current use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methodologies with different mass spectrometers and ionization and monitoring modes is discussed. Practical aspects with regards to the use of these analytical techniques, such as derivatizing reagents in GC-MS, ion suppression in LC-MS, and the most problematic aspects of quantification, are included in the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gallart-Ayala
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Gu C, Shamsi SA. CEC-atmospheric pressure ionization MS of pesticides using a surfactant-bound monolithic column. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:1162-1174. [PMID: 20349511 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A surfactant bound poly (11-acrylaminoundecanoic acid-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolithic column was simply prepared by in situ co-polymerization of 11-acrylaminoundecanoic acid and ethylene dimethacrylate with 1-propanol, 1,4-butanediol and water as porogens in 100 microm id fused-silica capillary in one step. This column was used in CEC-atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI)-MS system for separation and detection of N-methylcarbamates pesticides. Numerous parameters are optimized for CEC-APPI-MS. After evaluation of the mobile phase composition, sheath liquid composition and the monolithic capillary outlet position, a fractional factorial design was selected as a screening procedure to identify factors of ionization source parameters, such as sheath liquid flow rate, drying gas flow rate, drying gas temperature, nebulizing gas pressure, vaporizer temperature and capillary voltage, which significantly influence APPI-MS sensitivity. A face-centered central composite design was further utilized to optimize the most significant parameters and predict the best sensitivity. Under optimized conditions, S/Ns around 78 were achieved for an injection of 100 ng/mL of each pesticide. Finally, this CEC-APPI-MS method was successfully applied to the analysis of nine N-methylcarbamates in spiked apple juice sample after solid phase extraction with recoveries in the range of 65-109%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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18
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Lin Z, Pang J, Huang H, Zhang L, Chen G. [Recent advances in capillary electrochromatography and its coupling techniques]. Se Pu 2010; 28:273-83. [PMID: 20549979 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2010.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As a novel micro-separation technique, capillary electrochromatography (CEC) has the merits of high efficiency, high selectivity, high resolution and rapid analysis. However, the small-volume injection manipulated in capillary dimensions poses a great challenge for detectors in achieving high sensitivity. Currently, one of the major researches into CEC involves the development of some sensitive detection modes. The general introduction, which includes the historical perspectives and the principles of CEC, is briefly described. The recent advances about CEC coupled with various detectors and its applications in the separation of complex samples are summarized. A total of 141 references are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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19
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Kong L, Liu Z, Hu X, Liu S. Absorption, fluorescence and resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra of hydrophobic hydrogen bonding of eosin Y/Triton X-100 nanoparticles and their analytical applications. Sci China Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-3175-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Härmä H, Laakso S, Pihlasalo S, Hänninen P, Faure B, Rana S, Bergström L. Rapid detection of trace amounts of surfactants using nanoparticles in fluorometric assays. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:69-71. [PMID: 20648365 DOI: 10.1039/b9nr00172g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Rapid microtiter assays that utilize the time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer or quenching of dye-labeled proteins adsorbed onto the surfaces of polystyrene or maghemite nanoparticles have been developed for the detection and quantification of trace amounts of surfactants at concentrations down to 10 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harri Härmä
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Medicity, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, Finland.
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Cao J, Li B, Chang YX, Li P. Direct on-line analysis of neutral analytes by dual sweeping via complexation and organic solvent field enhancement in nonionic MEKC. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1372-9. [PMID: 19382135 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Conventionally, neutral compounds cannot be separated by nonionic micelle capillary electrophoresis. In this report, the development of a novel on-line preconcentration technique combining dual sweeping based on complexation and organic solvent field enhancement is applied to the sensitive and selective analysis of three neutral glucosides: ginsenoside Rf, ginsenoside Rg1, and ginsenoside Re. Nonionic micelle detectability by CE is demonstrated through effective focusing of large sample volumes (up to 38% capillary length) using a dual sweeping mode. This results in a 50- to 130-fold improvement in the LODs relative to conventional injection method. Neutral compounds sweeping is examined in terms of analyte mobility dependence on borate complexation, solvent viscosity difference, and Brij-35 interaction. Enhanced focusing performance by this hyphenated method was demonstrated by a greater than fourfold reduction in glucoside bandwidth, as compared with common sweeping (devoid of organic solvent-mediated sweeping method in the sample matrices). Moreover, separation efficiencies greater than a million theoretical plates can be achieved by sweeping large sample volumes into narrow zones. The designated method was also tested for its ability to determine the presence of glucosides in the crude extracts obtained from plant sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education and Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
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22
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Analysis of neutral surfactants by non-aqueous medium capillary electrophoresis hyphenated to mass spectrometry (ion trap). J Chromatogr A 2008; 1198-1199:226-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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