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Li Y, Shen Y, Yao CL, Guo DA. Quality assessment of herbal medicines based on chemical fingerprints combined with chemometrics approach: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 185:113215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Consonni R, Cagliani LR. The potentiality of NMR-based metabolomics in food science and food authentication assessment. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2019; 57:558-578. [PMID: 30447115 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, there was an increasing interest on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, whose applications experienced an exponential growth in several research fields, particularly in food science. NMR was initially developed as the elective technique for structure elucidation of single molecules and nowadays is playing a dominant role in complex mixtures investigations. In the era of the "omics" techniques, NMR was rapidly enrolled as one of the most powerful methods to approach metabolomics studies. Its use in analytical routines, characterized by rapid and reproducible measurements, would provide the identification of a wide range of chemical compounds simultaneously, disclosing sophisticated frauds or addressing the geographical origin, as well as revealing potential markers for other authentication purposes. The great economic value of high-quality or guaranteed foods demands highly detailed characterization to protect both consumers and producers from frauds. The present scenario suggests metabolomics as the privileged approach of modern analytical studies for the next decades. The large potentiality of high-resolution NMR techniques is here presented through specific applications and using different approaches focused on the authentication process of some foods, like tomato paste, saffron, honey, roasted coffee, and balsamic and traditional balsamic vinegar of Modena, with a particular focus on geographical origin characterization, ageing determination, and fraud detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Consonni
- National Research Council, Institute for Macromolecular Studies (ISMAC), Lab. NMR, v. Corti 12, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Laura Ruth Cagliani
- National Research Council, Institute for Macromolecular Studies (ISMAC), Lab. NMR, v. Corti 12, Milan, 20133, Italy
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Cusano E, Consonni R, Petrakis EA, Astraka K, Cagliani LR, Polissiou MG. Integrated analytical methodology to investigate bioactive compounds in Crocus sativus L. flowers. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2018; 29:476-486. [PMID: 29484754 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The increasing interest on Crocus sativus L. over the last decades is caused by its potential employment as a source of biologically active molecules, endowed with antioxidant and nutraceutical properties. These molecules are present mainly in stigmas and tepals, these last generally considered as byproducts. OBJECTIVE To characterise bioactive compounds in stigmas, stamens, and tepals of Crocus sativus L. for quality, cross-contamination of tissues or fraudulent addition, joining spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. METHODOLOGY Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopies were initially employed, being very rapid in response; volatiles were more appropriately investigated by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while finally nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) were adopted for a more thorough characterisation of secondary metabolites. NMR was also used to investigate the anthocyanins content in tepals upon acid extraction. RESULTS The results obtained highlighted the drying method as the dominant factor affecting the content of volatile constituents and contributing to the quality of saffron, while only slight differences were observed in the most abundant metabolites of stigmas, as well as in the anthocyanin content of tepals. In particular, for the first time, delphinidin and petunidin were detected by NMR in this latter tissue. CONCLUSION The integrated analytical methodology here proposed, allowed to achieve a deeper level of compositional and structural details of secondary metabolites in Crocus sativus L. flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Cusano
- Institute for Macromolecular Studies, NMR Laboratory, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Consonni
- Institute for Macromolecular Studies, NMR Laboratory, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleftherios A Petrakis
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Astraka
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Laura R Cagliani
- Institute for Macromolecular Studies, NMR Laboratory, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Moschos G Polissiou
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Parella T. Current developments in homonuclear and heteronuclear J-resolved NMR experiments. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:230-250. [PMID: 29314247 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional J-resolved (Jres) NMR experiments offer a simple, user-friendly spectral representation where the information of coupling constants and chemical shifts are separated into two orthogonal frequency axis. Since its initial proposal 40 years ago, Jres has been the focus of considerable interest both in improving the basic pulse sequence and in its successful application to a wide range of studies. Here, the latest developments in the design of novel Jres pulse schemes are reviewed, mainly focusing on obtaining pure absorption lineshapes, minimizing strong coupling artifacts, and also optimizing sensitivity and experimental measurements. A discussion of several Jres versions for the accurate measurement of a different number of homonuclear (JHH ) and heteronuclear (JCH ) coupling constants is presented, accompanied by some illustrative examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Huang Y, Yang Y, Cai S, Chen Z, Zhan H, Li C, Tan C, Chen Z. General Two-Dimensional Absorption-Mode J-Resolved NMR Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12646-12651. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Huang
- Department of Electronic
Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance,
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Electronic
Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance,
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shuhui Cai
- Department of Electronic
Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance,
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Electronic
Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance,
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Haolin Zhan
- Department of Electronic
Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance,
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Electronic
Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance,
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Chunhua Tan
- Department of Electronic
Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance,
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic
Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance,
State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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Sudan dyes in adulterated saffron (Crocus sativus L.): Identification and quantification by (1)H NMR. Food Chem 2016; 217:418-424. [PMID: 27664653 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Saffron, the dried red stigmas of Crocus sativus L., is considered as one of the most expensive spices worldwide, and as such, it is prone to adulteration. This study introduces an NMR-based approach to identify and determine the adulteration of saffron with Sudan I-IV dyes. A complete (1)H and (13)C resonance assignment for Sudan I-IV, achieved by two-dimensional homonuclear and heteronuclear NMR experiments, is reported for the first time. Specific different proton signals for the identification of each Sudan dye in adulterated saffron can be utilised for quantitative (1)H NMR (qHNMR), a well-established method for quantitative analysis. The quantification of Sudan III, as a paradigm, was performed in varying levels (0.14-7.1g/kg) by considering the NMR signal occurring at 8.064ppm. The high linearity, accuracy and rapidity of investigation enable high resolution (1)H NMR spectroscopy to be used for evaluation of saffron adulteration with Sudan dyes.
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Liu P, Li W, Kan Z, Sun H, Ma J. Factor Analysis of Conformations and NMR Signals of Rotaxanes: AIMD and Polarizable MD Simulations. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:490-502. [PMID: 26756354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b10085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The interlocked ⟨rod | ring⟩ structures of pseudorotaxanes and [2]rotaxanes are usually maintained by the complex hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) network between the rod and ring. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) using generalized energy-based fragmentation approach and polarizable force field (polar FF)-based molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to investigate the conformational changes of mechanically interlocked systems and to obtain the ensemble-averaged NMR chemical shifts. Factor analysis (FA) demonstrates that the ring H-donor (2,6 pyridinedicarboxamide group) plays an important role in the ring-rod recognition. In comparison to the conventional fixed-charge force field, the polarization effect is crucial to account for the H-bonding interactions in supramolecular systems. In the hybrid scheme, the polar FF-based MD simulations are used to generate different initial states for the AIMD simulations, which are able to give better prediction of ensemble-averaged NMR signals for chemically equivalent amide protons. The magnitude of the deshielding shift of NMR signal is correlated with the length of hydrogen bond. The polar FF model with variable charges shows that the dipole-dipole interactions between the flexible diethylene glycol chain of ring and polar solvents induce the upfield shifts of NMR signals of rod H-donors and the directional distribution of the neighboring CH3CN solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingying Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute , Jingdezhen 333403, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Zigui Kan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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Analytical techniques combined with chemometrics for authentication and determination of contaminants in condiments: A review. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Harvey AL, Edrada-Ebel R, Quinn RJ. The re-emergence of natural products for drug discovery in the genomics era. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015; 14:111-29. [PMID: 25614221 DOI: 10.1038/nrd4510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1476] [Impact Index Per Article: 164.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have been a rich source of compounds for drug discovery. However, their use has diminished in the past two decades, in part because of technical barriers to screening natural products in high-throughput assays against molecular targets. Here, we review strategies for natural product screening that harness the recent technical advances that have reduced these barriers. We also assess the use of genomic and metabolomic approaches to augment traditional methods of studying natural products, and highlight recent examples of natural products in antimicrobial drug discovery and as inhibitors of protein-protein interactions. The growing appreciation of functional assays and phenotypic screens may further contribute to a revival of interest in natural products for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan L Harvey
- 1] Research and Innovation Support, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland. [2] Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK
| | - RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK
| | - Ronald J Quinn
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
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Larive CK, Barding GA, Dinges MM. NMR spectroscopy for metabolomics and metabolic profiling. Anal Chem 2014; 87:133-46. [PMID: 25375201 DOI: 10.1021/ac504075g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia K Larive
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Kwon YK, Bong YS, Lee KS, Hwang GS. An integrated analysis for determining the geographical origin of medicinal herbs using ICP-AES/ICP-MS and 1H NMR analysis. Food Chem 2014; 161:168-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Toumi I, Caldarelli S, Torrésani B. A review of blind source separation in NMR spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 81:37-64. [PMID: 25142734 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Fourier transform is the data processing naturally associated to most NMR experiments. Notable exceptions are Pulse Field Gradient and relaxation analysis, the structure of which is only partially suitable for FT. With the revamp of NMR of complex mixtures, fueled by analytical challenges such as metabolomics, alternative and more apt mathematical methods for data processing have been sought, with the aim of decomposing the NMR signal into simpler bits. Blind source separation is a very broad definition regrouping several classes of mathematical methods for complex signal decomposition that use no hypothesis on the form of the data. Developed outside NMR, these algorithms have been increasingly tested on spectra of mixtures. In this review, we shall provide an historical overview of the application of blind source separation methodologies to NMR, including methods specifically designed for the specificity of this spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichrak Toumi
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Stefano Caldarelli
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397 Marseille, France.
| | - Bruno Torrésani
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille I2M, UMR 7373, 13453 Marseille, France
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14
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Savorani F, Rasmussen MA, Mikkelsen MS, Engelsen SB. A primer to nutritional metabolomics by NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Classification Methods of Multiway Arrays as a Basic Tool for Food PDO Authentication. FOOD PROTECTED DESIGNATION OF ORIGIN - METHODOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59562-1.00014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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