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Nifontova G, Tsoi T, Karaulov A, Nabiev I, Sukhanova A. Structure-function relationships in polymeric multilayer capsules designed for cancer drug delivery. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5092-5115. [PMID: 35894444 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00829g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The targeted delivery of cancer drugs to tumor-specific molecular targets represents a major challenge in modern personalized cancer medicine. Engineering of micron and submicron polymeric multilayer capsules allows the obtaining of multifunctional theranostic systems serving as controllable stimulus-responsive tools with a high clinical potential to be used in cancer therapy and detection. The functionalities of such theranostic systems are determined by the design and structural properties of the capsules. This review (1) describes the current issues in designing cancer cell-targeting polymeric multilayer capsules, (2) analyzes the effects of the interactions of the capsules with the cellular and molecular constituents of biological fluids, and (3) presents the key structural parameters determining the effectiveness of capsule targeting. The influence of the morphological and physicochemical parameters and the origin of the structural components and surface ligands on the functional activity of polymeric multilayer capsules at the molecular, cellular, and whole-body levels are summarized. The basic structural and functional principles determining the future trends of theranostic capsule development are established and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Nifontova
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences, LRN-EA4682, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France.
| | - Tatiana Tsoi
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Nabiev
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences, LRN-EA4682, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France. .,National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alyona Sukhanova
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences, LRN-EA4682, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France.
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2
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Claus C, Fritz R, Schilling E, Reibetanz U. The Metabolic Response of Various Cell Lines to Microtubule-Driven Uptake of Lipid- and Polymer-Coated Layer-by-Layer Microcarriers. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1441. [PMID: 34575517 PMCID: PMC8465159 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid structures, such as liposomes or micelles, are of high interest as an approach to support the transport and delivery of active agents as a drug delivery system. However, there are many open questions regarding their uptake and impact on cellular metabolism. In this study, lipid structures were assembled as a supported lipid bilayer on top of biopolymer-coated microcarriers based on the Layer-by-Layer assembly strategy. The functionalized microcarriers were then applied to various human and animal cell lines in addition to primary human macrophages (MΦ). Here, their influence on cellular metabolism and their intracellular localization were detected by extracellular flux analysis and immunofluorescence analysis, respectively. The impact of microcarriers on metabolic parameters was in most cell types rather low. However, lipid bilayer-supported microcarriers induced a decrease in oxygen consumption rate (OCR, indicative for mitochondrial respiration) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR, indicative for glycolysis) in Vero cells. Additionally, in Vero cells lipid bilayer microcarriers showed a more pronounced association with microtubule filaments than polymer-coated microcarrier. Furthermore, they localized to a perinuclear region and induced nuclei with some deformations at a higher rate than unfunctionalized carriers. This association was reduced through the application of the microtubule polymerization inhibitor nocodazole. Thus, the effect of respective lipid structures as a drug delivery system on cells has to be considered in the context of the respective target cell, but in general can be regarded as rather low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Claus
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Fritz
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Erik Schilling
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Uta Reibetanz
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany;
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Ramirez RER, Orth ES, Pires C, Zawadzki SF, de Freitas RA. DODAB-DOPE liposome surface coating using in-situ acrylic acid polymerization. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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4
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Brueckner M, Hollenbach-Latzko S, Reibetanz U. Dual Transport of Active Substances with a Layer-by-Layer-Based Drug Delivery System to Terminate Inflammatory Processes. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000097. [PMID: 32627917 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Conventional therapies for chronic inflammation with high dose application of active agents are often accompanied with severe side effects so that other therapeutical strategies shall be developed to be less physically demanding but still highly efficient. Locally applied Layer-by-Layer (LbL) microcarriers transporting a low, but efficient dosage of active agents directly into the inflamed tissue offer a gentle therapy option. Here, the inhibition of highly degradative enzyme human neutrophile elastase (HNE) is adressed, which is produced and secreted by neutrophile granulocytes (PMNs) in the progress of inflammation. The protected transport and release of its natural inhibitor α1-antitrypsin (AT) as a constituent of the microcarrier's biopolymer multilayer allows for an efficient inhibition of extra- and intracellular elastase. The HOCl scavenger molecule cefoperazone, which preserves AT activity, as an additional multilayer constituent induces a much higher efficacy of the inhibitor. The successful assembly of both agents in different layers of the multilayer and the subsequent HNE inhibition in PMNs is investigated. The parallel application of cefoperazone leads to an enhanced inhibitory effect even with reduced AT amount and reduced carrier:cell ratio. It is demonstrated that the modular assembly strategy of LbL carriers allows for efficient synergistic effect of active agents in inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Brueckner
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstr 16-18, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
| | | | - Uta Reibetanz
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstr 16-18, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
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Scheffler K, Bilz NC, Brueckner M, Stanifer ML, Boulant S, Claus C, Reibetanz U. Enhanced Uptake and Endosomal Release of LbL Microcarriers Functionalized with Reversible Fusion Proteins. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:1553-1567. [PMID: 35021646 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The efficient application of smart drug-delivery systems requires further improvement of their cellular uptake and in particular their release from endolysosomal compartments into the cytoplasm of target cells. The usage of virus proteins allows for such developments, as viruses have evolved efficient entry mechanisms into the cell, mediated by their fusion proteins. In our investigations, the transferability of the glycoprotein G which is a fusion protein of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G) onto the surface of a layer-by-layer (LbL) designed microcarrier was investigated. The assembly of VSV-G as a reversible viral fusion protein onto LbL microcarriers indeed induced an enhanced uptake rate on Vero cells as well as a fast and efficient release of the intact carriers from endolysosomes into the cytoplasm. Additionally, neither virus-associated effects on cellular viability nor activation of an interferon response were detected. Our study emphasizes the suitability of VSV-G as an efficient surface functionalization of drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Scheffler
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole C Bilz
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Brueckner
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Megan L Stanifer
- Schaller Research Group at CellNetworks, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steeve Boulant
- Schaller Research Group at CellNetworks, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Research Group "Cellular Polarity and Viral Infection" (F140), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Claus
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Reibetanz
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
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Scheffler K, Claus C, Stanifer ML, Boulant S, Reibetanz U. Reversible Fusion Proteins as a Tool to Enhance Uptake of Virus-Functionalized LbL Microcarriers. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:3212-3223. [PMID: 29966082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
For the efficient treatment of an increasing number of diseases the development of new therapeutics as well as novel drug delivery systems is essential. Such drug delivery systems (DDS) must not only consider biodegradability and protective packaging but must also target and control the release of active substances, which is one of the most important points in DDS application. We highlight the improvement of these key aspects, the increased interaction rate of Layer-by-Layer (LbL) designed microcarriers as a promising DDS after functionalization with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). We make use of the unique conformational reversibility of the fusion protein of VSV as a surface functionalization of LbL microcarriers. This reversibility allows for VSV to be used both as a tool for assembly onto the DDS and as an initiator for an efficient cellular uptake. We could show that the evolutionary optimized viral fusion machinery can be successfully combined with a biophysical DDS for optimization of its cellular interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Scheffler
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Claudia Claus
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Megan L Stanifer
- Schaller research group at CellNetworks, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology , Heidelberg University Hospital , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Steeve Boulant
- Schaller research group at CellNetworks, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology , Heidelberg University Hospital , Heidelberg , Germany.,Research Group "Cellular polarity and viral infection" (F140), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Uta Reibetanz
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine , University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
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Kolesnikova TA, Kiragosyan G, Le THN, Springer S, Winterhalter M. Protein A Functionalized Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules as a Universal Platform for Enhanced Targeting of Cell Surface Receptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:11506-11517. [PMID: 28290659 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery systems recognizing specific receptors are a key element in personalized medicine. Such systems allow the delivery of therapeutics to desired sites of the body, increasing their local concentration and thus reducing the side effects. In this study, we fabricate chemically cross-linked (PAH/PAA)2 microcapsules coated with specific cell-targeting antibodies in random (via direct covalent coupling to the surface) or optimized (via supporting layer of protein A) orientation. We use these antibody-functionalized capsules to target major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I receptors in living cells and quantify the efficiency of targeting by flow cytometry. We show for the first time the selective binding of polyelectrolyte microcapsules to MHC class I receptors, and confirm that targeting is allotype-specific. Remarkably, protein A assisted immobilization of antibodies enhances targeting efficiency by 40-50% over capsules with randomly attached antibodies. Moreover, biofunctionalized capsules reveal low levels of cytotoxicity and nonspecific binding, excluding the need of additional modification with poly(ethylene glycol). Thus, protein A coated (PAH/PAA)2 microcapsules represent a unique example of universal targeting tools providing high potential for selective binding to a broad range of cell surface receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gayane Kiragosyan
- Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH , Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Trang H N Le
- Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH , Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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