1
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Kowalski K. Synthesis and chemical transformations of glycol nucleic acid (GNA) nucleosides. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106921. [PMID: 37871392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Xeno nucleic acids (XNA) are an increasingly important class of hypermodified nucleic acids with great potential in bioorganic chemistry and synthetic biology. Glycol nucleic acid (GNA) is constructed from a three-carbon 1,2-propanediol (propylene glycol) backbone attached to a nucleobase entity, representing the simplest known XNA. This review is intended to present GNA nucleosides from a synthetic chemistry perspective-a perspective that serves as a starting point for biological studies. Therefore this account focuses on synthetic methods for GNA nucleoside synthesis, as well as their postsynthetic chemical transformations. The properties and biological activity of GNA constituents are also highlighted. A literature survey shows four major approaches toward GNA nucleoside scaffold synthesis. These approaches pertain to glycidol ring-opening, Mitsunobu, SN2, and dihydroxylation reactions. The general arsenal of reactions used in GNA chemistry is versatile and encompasses the Sonogashira reaction, Michael addition, silyl-Hilbert-Johnson reaction, halogenation, alkylation, cyclization, Rh-catalyzed N-allylation, Sharpless catalytic dihydroxylation, and Yb(OTf)3-catalyzed etherification. Additionally, various phosphorylation reactions have enabled the synthesis of diverse types of GNA nucleotides, dinucleoside phosphates, phosphordiamidites, and oligos. Furthermore, recent advances in GNA chemistry have resulted in the synthesis of previously unknown redox-active (ferrocenyl) and luminescent (pyrenyl and phenanthrenyl) GNA nucleosides, which are also covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Kowalski
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Tamka 12, PL-91403 Lodz, Poland.
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2
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Synthesis and antiviral properties of biomimetic iminosugar-based nucleosides. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 241:114618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Holan M, Tucker K, Dyatkina N, Liu H, Kinkade A, Wang G, Jin Z, Prhavc M. Synthesis and Anti-Hepatitis B Activities of 3′-Fluoro-2′-Substituted Apionucleosides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082413. [PMID: 35458620 PMCID: PMC9025269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside analogues have excellent records as anti-HBV drugs. Chronic infections require long-term administration ultimately leading to drug resistance. Therefore, the search for nucleosides with novel scaffolds is of high importance. Here we report the synthesis of novel 2′-hydroxy- and 2′-hydroxymethyl-apionucleosides, 4 and 5, corresponding triphosphates and phosphoramidate prodrugs. Triphosphate 38 of 2′-hydroxymethyl-apionucleoside 5 exhibited potent inhibition of HBV polymerase with an IC50 value of 120 nM. In an HBV cell-based assay, the phosphoramidate prodrug 39 demonstrated potent activity with an EC50 value of 7.8 nM.
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4
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5
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Luo M, Wu S, Kalkeri R, Ptak RG, Zhou T, Van Mellaert L, Wang C, Dumbre SG, Block T, Groaz E, De Jonghe S, Li Y, Herdewijn P. Scalable Synthesis, In Vitro cccDNA Reduction, and In Vivo Antihepatitis B Virus Activity of a Phosphonomethoxydeoxythreosyl Adenine Prodrug. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13851-13860. [PMID: 33191744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Standard literature procedures for the chemical synthesis of l-threose nucleosides generally employ l-ascorbic acid as starting material. Herein, we have explored two alternative routes that start from either l-arabitol or l-diethyl tartrate, both affording 2-O-methyl-l-threofuranose as a key building block for nucleobase incorporation. The access to multigram quantities of this glycosyl donor in a reproducible fashion allows for the preparation of 2'-deoxy-α-l-threofuranosyl phosphonate nucleosides on a large scale. This methodology was applied to the gram scale synthesis of an aryloxy amidate prodrug of phosphonomethoxydeoxythreosyl adenine. This prodrug exerted potent activity against an entecavir-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) strain, while leading to a significant reduction in the levels of HBV covalently closed circular DNA in a cellular assay. Furthermore, its remarkable anti-HBV efficacy was also confirmed in vivo using a hydrodynamic injection-based HBV mouse model, without relevant toxicity and systemic exposure occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Medicinal Chemistry, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49-box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shuo Wu
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Tiantan Xili, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Raj Kalkeri
- Department of Infectious Disease Research, Southern Research Institute, 431 Aviation Way, Frederick, Maryland 21701, United States
| | - Roger G Ptak
- Department of Infectious Disease Research, Southern Research Institute, 431 Aviation Way, Frederick, Maryland 21701, United States
| | - Tianlun Zhou
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902, United States
| | - Lieve Van Mellaert
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49-box 1037, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chuanmin Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Shrinivas G Dumbre
- Medicinal Chemistry, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49-box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Timothy Block
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902, United States
| | - Elisabetta Groaz
- Medicinal Chemistry, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49-box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Jonghe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49-box 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yuhuan Li
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Tiantan Xili, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Piet Herdewijn
- Medicinal Chemistry, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49-box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Skiba J, Kowalczyk A, Fik MA, Gapińska M, Trzybiński D, Woźniak K, Vrček V, Czerwieniec R, Kowalski K. Luminescent pyrenyl-GNA nucleosides: synthesis, photophysics and confocal microscopy studies in cancer HeLa cells. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2449-2460. [PMID: 31407765 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00271e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycol nucleic acids (GNA) are synthetic genetic-like polymers with an acyclic three-carbon propylene glycol phosphodiester backbone. Here, synthesis, luminescence properties, circular dichroism (CD) spectra, and confocal microscopy speciation studies of (R,S) and (S,R) pyrenyl-GNA (pyr-GNA) nucleosides are reported in HeLa cells. Enantiomerically pure nucleosides were obtained by a Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction followed by semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation using Amylose-2 as the chiral stationary phase. The enantiomeric relationship between stereoisomers was confirmed by CD spectra, and the absolute configurations were assigned based on experimental and theoretical CD spectra comparisons. The pyr-GNA nucleosides were not cytotoxic against human cervical (HeLa) cancer cells and thus were utilized as luminescent probes in the imaging of these cells with confocal microscopy. Cellular staining patterns were identical for both enantiomers in HeLa cells. Compounds showed no photocytotoxic effect and were localized in the lipid membranes of the mitochondria, in cellular vesicles and in other lipid cellular compartments. The overall distribution of the pyrene and pyrenyl-GNA nucleosides inside the living HeLa cells differed, since the former compound gives a more granular staining pattern and the latter a more diffuse one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Skiba
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland.
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7
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Synthesis of a Threosyl-C-nucleoside Phosphonate. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Huang YH, Ning ZJ, Huang CY. Crystal structure of dihydropyrimidinase in complex with anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:160-165. [PMID: 31481233 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dihydropyrimidinase (DHPase) catalyzes the reversible cyclization of dihydrouracil to N-carbamoyl-β-alanine in the second step of the pyrimidine degradation pathway. Whether 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), the best-known fluoropyrimidine that is used to target the enzyme thymidylate synthase for anticancer therapy, can bind to DHPase remains unknown. In this study, we found that 5-FU can form a stable complex with Pseudomonas aeruginosa DHPase (PaDHPase). The crystal structure of PaDHPase complexed with 5-FU was determined at 1.76 Å resolution (PDB entry 6KLK). Various interactions between 5-FU and PaDHPase were examined. Six residues, namely, His61, Tyr155, Asp316, Cys318, Ser289 and Asn337, of PaDHPase were involved in 5-FU binding. Except for Cys318, these residues are also known as the substrate-binding sites of DHPase. 5-FU interacts with the main chains of residues Ser289 (3.0 Å) and Asn337 (3.2 Å) and the side chains of residues Tyr155 (2.8 Å) and Cys318 (2.9 Å). Mutation at either Tyr155 or Cys318 of PaDHPase caused a low 5-FU binding activity of PaDHPase. This structure and the binding mode provided molecular insights into how the dimetal center in DHPase undergoes a conformational change during 5-FU binding. Further research can directly focus on revisiting the role of DHPase in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hua Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Jun Ning
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yang Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No.110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City, Taiwan.
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9
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Synthesis of nucleoside phosphonate analogs having phosphonodifluoromethylene moieties and their biological activities. J Fluor Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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10
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Yang W, Peng Y, Wang J, Song C, Yu W, Zhou Y, Jiang J, Wang Q, Wu J, Chang J. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-2'-C-methyl 8-azanebularine derivatives as potent anti-HBV agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1291-1297. [PMID: 30962085 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global health problem requiring more efficient and better tolerated anti-HBV agent. In this paper, a series of novel 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-2'-C-methyl-β-d-arabinofuranosyl 8-azanebularine analogues (1 and 2a) and N4-substituted 8-azaadenosine derivatives (2b-g) were designed, synthesized and screened for in vitro anti-HBV activity. Two concise and practical synthetic routes were developed toward the structural motif construction of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-2'-C-methyl-β-d-arabinofuranosyl 8-azainosine from the ribonolactone 3 under mild conditions. The in vitro anti-HBV screening results showed that these 8-azanebularine analogues had a significant inhibitory effect on the expression of HBV antigens and HBV DNA at a concentration of 20 μM. Among them, halogen-substituted 8-azaadenosine derivative 2g displayed activities comparable to that of 3TC. In particular, 2g retained excellent activity against lamivudine-resistant HBV mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Youmei Peng
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Chuanjun Song
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Wenquan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Yubing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Jinhua Jiang
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Qingduan Wang
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Jie Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, PR China.
| | - Junbiao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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11
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Transition metal complexes based aptamers as optical diagnostic tools for disease proteins and biomolecules. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Huang KX, Xie MS, Wang DC, Sang JW, Qu GR, Guo HM. Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric formal [3+2] cycloaddition of α-N-heterocyclic acrylates with vinyl epoxides for construction of isonucleoside analogs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:13550-13553. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07571b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient Pd-catalyzed asymmetric formal [3+2] cycloaddition of α-N-heterocyclic acrylates with vinyl epoxides has been developed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xin Huang
- School of Environment
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- China
| | - Ming-Sheng Xie
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drugs Innovation
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Dong-Chao Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drugs Innovation
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Ji-Wei Sang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drugs Innovation
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Gui-Rong Qu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drugs Innovation
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Hai-Ming Guo
- School of Environment
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drugs Innovation
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13
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Shen GH, Hong JH. Recent advances in the synthesis of cyclic 5′-nornucleoside phosphonate analogues. Carbohydr Res 2018; 463:47-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Fan Z, Lu H, Zhang A. PMes3-Promoted Ruthenium-Catalyzed Meta C–H Nitration of 6-Arylpurines. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3245-3251. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhoulong Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Heng Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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15
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Skiba J, Yuan Q, Hildebrandt A, Lang H, Trzybiński D, Woźniak K, Balogh RK, Gyurcsik B, Vrček V, Kowalski K. Ferrocenyl GNA Nucleosides: A Bridge between Organic and Organometallic Xeno-nucleic Acids. Chempluschem 2018; 83:77-86. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Skiba
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Łódź; Tamka 12 91-403 Łódź Poland
| | - Qing Yuan
- Faculty of Natural Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Inorganic Chemistry; Technische Universität Chemnitz; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Alexander Hildebrandt
- Faculty of Natural Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Inorganic Chemistry; Technische Universität Chemnitz; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences; Institute of Chemistry; Inorganic Chemistry; Technische Universität Chemnitz; 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Damian Trzybiński
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre; Department of Chemistry; University of Warsaw; Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre; Department of Chemistry; University of Warsaw; Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Ria K. Balogh
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Dom ter 7. 6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Béla Gyurcsik
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Dom ter 7. 6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Valerije Vrček
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; University of Zagreb; Ante Kovačića 1 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Konrad Kowalski
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Łódź; Tamka 12 91-403 Łódź Poland
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16
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Liu H, He D, Sun Z, He W, Han J, Chen J, Deng H, Shao M, Zhang H, Cao W. Novel synthesis of perfluoroalkylated indolizinylphosphonates via a DIPEA-promoted one-pot process. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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17
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Bkhaitan MM, Mirza AZ, Abdalla AN, Shamshad H, Ul-Haq Z, Alarjah M, Piperno A. Reprofiling of full-length phosphonated carbocyclic 2′-oxa-3′-aza-nucleosides toward antiproliferative agents: Synthesis, antiproliferative activity, and molecular docking study. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:679-689. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Majdi M. Bkhaitan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Umm Al-Qura University; Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Agha Zeeshan Mirza
- Science and Technology Unit (STU); Umm Al-Qura University; Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf N. Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Umm Al-Qura University; Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina Shamshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Umm Al-Qura University; Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research; International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences; University of Karachi; Karachi Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Alarjah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Umm Al-Qura University; Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Anna Piperno
- Department of Chemical; Biological; Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences; University of Messina; Messina Italy
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18
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Liu MM, Mei Q, Zhang YX, Bai P, Guo XH. Palladium-catalyzed amination of chloro-substituted 5-nitropyrimidines with amines. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Yang W, Ma H, Yang Q, Wang J, Liu Y, Yang Q, Wu J, Song C, Chang J. The first example of palladium-catalyzed cascade amidine arylation–intramolecular ester amidation for the synthesis of hypoxanthines: application to the synthesis of 8-azanebularine analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:379-386. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02121b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic route toward 8-azanebularines has been developed by involving a cycloaddition and a cascade amidine arylation–intramolecular ester amidation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Henan Province 450001
- China
| | - Haoran Ma
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Henan Province 450001
- China
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Henan Province 450001
- China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Henan Province 450001
- China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Henan Province 450001
- China
| | - Qinghua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Henan Province 450001
- China
| | - Jie Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Henan Province 450001
- China
| | - Chuanjun Song
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Henan Province 450001
- China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Henan Province 450001
- China
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