1
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Sukhorukov AY. Editorial: Heterodienes in organic synthesis. Front Chem 2024; 12:1403024. [PMID: 38650672 PMCID: PMC11033432 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1403024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Yu. Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Organic and Metal-Organic Nitrogen-Oxygen Systems, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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2
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Choudhary K, Joshi H, Rohilla S, Singh VK. Silver-Catalyzed Asymmetric Double Desymmetrization via Vinylogous Michael Addition of Prochiral α,α-Dicyanoalkenes to Cyclopentendiones. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304078. [PMID: 38311856 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
An asymmetric double desymmetrization methodology has been developed for synthesizing densely functionalized chiral cyclopentylcyclohexane scaffolds. We have constructed four chiral centers, including an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter in a single C-C bond formation event. The methodology has high functional-group tolerance and delivers a broad range of enantioenriched products. This vinylogous Michael addition reaction of prochiral α,α-dicyanocyclohexane to 2,2-disubstituted cyclopentene-1,3-dione is catalyzed by a chiral Ag-(R)-DTBM-SEGPHOS catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Choudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India)
| | - Harshit Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India)
| | - Shweta Rohilla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India)
| | - Vinod K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India)
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3
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Marcantonio E, Curti C. Shaping Chirality via Stereoselective, Organocatalytic [4+2] Cycloadditions involving Heterocyclic ortho-Quinodimethanes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304001. [PMID: 38235930 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic compounds bearing a complex heterocyclic core such as an aromatic heterocycle "fused" with one or more functionalized rings, are widespread leading molecules in the domain of synthetic organic chemistry and pharmaceuticals. Although many synthetic methodologies have been devised to access achiral, fused heteroaromatic scaffolds, or related chiral variants adorned with out-of-cycle stereogenic elements, equally efficient strategies to afford chiral heterocycles featuring in-cycle stereocenters, exist to a lesser extent and presently represent a growing field of investigation. The mild, organocatalytic generation of elusive ortho-quinodimethane intermediates (oQDMs), derived from suitable heteroaromatic carbonyl- or carbonyl-like pronucleophiles has recently proved successful in the synthesis of such peculiar chiral architectures via stereoselective [4+2] cycloadditions. This review provides an overview of the most important advances attained in this field over the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Marcantonio
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudio Curti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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4
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Chen ZC, Ouyang Q, Du W, Chen YC. Palladium(0) π-Lewis Base Catalysis: Concept and Development. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6422-6437. [PMID: 38426858 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The development of a new catalytic strategy plays a vital role in modern organic chemistry since it permits bond formation in an unprecedented and more efficient manner. Although the application of preformed metal complexes as π-base-activated reagents have enabled diverse transformations elegantly, the concept and strategy by directly utilizing transition metals as efficient π-Lewis base catalysts remain underdeveloped, especially in the field of asymmetric catalysis. Here, we outline our perspective on the discovery of palladium(0) as an efficient π-Lewis base catalyst, which is capable of increasing the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy of both electron-neutral and electron-deficient 1,3-dienes and 1,3-enynes upon flexible η2-complexes formed in situ and resultant π-backdonation. Thus, fruitful carbon-carbon-forming reactions with diverse electrophiles can be achieved enantioselectively in a vinylogous addition pattern, which is conceptually different from the classical oxidative cyclization mechanism. Emphasis will be given to the concept and mechanism elucidation, catalytic features, and reaction design together with perspective on the further development of this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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5
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Mishra M, Verma K, Banerjee S, Punniyamurthy T. Iron-catalyzed cascade C-C/C-O bond formation of 2,4-dienals with donor-acceptor cyclopropanes: access to functionalized hexahydrocyclopentapyrans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2788-2791. [PMID: 38362602 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06261a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Iron-catalyzed cascade C-C and C-O bond formation of 2,4-dienals with donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) has been developed to furnish hexahydrocyclopentapyrans. Optically active DACs can be coupled stereospecifically (>97% ee). Chirality transfer, use of iron-catalysis and substrate scope are the salient practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmath Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Kshitiz Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Sonbidya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
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6
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Li Z, Ma C, Wu J, Wang X, Zheng C, Wu X. Copper-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Vinylogous Mannich Reaction between β,γ-Alkynyl-α-ketimino Esters and β,γ-Unsaturated N-Acylpyrazoles. Org Lett 2024; 26:1376-1381. [PMID: 38349071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
We report a Cu(I)-Ph-BPE-catalyzed asymmetric vinylogous Mannich reaction of β,γ-alkynyl-α-ketimino esters with β,γ-unsaturated N-acylpyrazoles. In this process, the Cu(I)-Ph-BPE catalyst activates the β,γ-alkynyl-α-ketimino ester through N,O-coordination, enabling the subsequent nucleophilic addition of a dienolate generated from the β,γ-unsaturated N-acylpyrazole via α-position deprotonation with a catalytic amount of tertiary amine. The reactions gave useful products with very high enantioselectivities. A broad range of substrates with various substituents are tolerated in this reaction. The versatility of this method was demonstrated by a gram-scale reaction, and subsequent elaboration of the Mannich adducts was also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Li
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chicheng Ma
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiangbo Wu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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7
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Luo LS, Hou SM, Lu J, Zhang Q, Sha F, Wu XY. Cu-Catalyzed Direct Enantioselective Vinylogous Mannich Reaction between β,γ-Unsaturated Pyrazoleamides and Ketimines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2582-2587. [PMID: 38284164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
A catalytic asymmetric vinylogous Mannich-type reaction between β,γ-unsaturated amides and ketimines has been developed in excellent regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities. The methodology provides an efficient approach to construct chiral homoallylic amines with a 3-amino-2-oxindole scaffold. Moreover, the transformations of the chiral products, including the removal of the pyrazole group or Boc group, the reduction of the C-C double bond, and Suzuki coupling, have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Shan Luo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Si-Meng Hou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Feng Sha
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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8
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Kowalska J, Łukasik B, Frankowski S, Albrecht Ł. Hydrazone Activation in the Aminocatalytic Cascade Reaction for the Synthesis of Tetrahydroindolizines. Org Lett 2024; 26:814-818. [PMID: 38266767 PMCID: PMC10845150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In this Letter, we demonstrate the usefulness of hydrazone activation for the synthesis of biologically relevant tetrahydroindolizines. A pyrrol-derived hydrazone bearing a Michael acceptor moiety in the N-alkyl side chain has been designed with the aim of participating in the aminocatalytic cascade reaction leading to the annulation of the new six-membered heterocyclic scaffold. The application of (S)-(-)-α,α-diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinemethanol trimethylsilyl ether as the aminocatalyst allows for the iminium ion-enamine-mediated cascade to proceed in a fully stereoselective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Kowalska
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of
Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Beata Łukasik
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of
Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Sebastian Frankowski
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of
Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of
Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
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9
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Sheng H, Chen Z, Song Q. Palladium-Catalyzed Difluorocarbene Transfer Enabled Divergent Synthesis of γ-Butenolides and Ynones from Iodobenzene and Terminal Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1722-1731. [PMID: 38173091 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a ligand-controlled palladium-catalyzed method that enables the synthesis of ynones and γ-butenolides with excellent regioselectivity from the same set of readily available aryl iodides, aryl acetylenes, and BrCF2CO2K. In this reaction, the [PdII]═CF2 does demonstrate electrophilicity and can generate CO readily when reacting with H2O. It is environmentally friendly and safe compared to traditional methods, and the current protocol enables us to afford ynones and γ-butenolides in high yields with excellent functionality tolerance. Moreover, esters can also be obtained with corresponding phenols and alcohols utilizing this strategy. The success of late-stage functionalization of bioactive compounds further illustrates the synthetic utility of this protocol in material development and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyun Sheng
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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10
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Silva MSDL, Silva MSD, Cruz RCDD, Veras BDO, Souza IAD, Ximenes RM, de Aquino TM, Góes AJDS. Biological evaluation of 1,3-benzodioxole acids points to 3,4-(methylenedioxy) cinnamic acid as a potential larvicide against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Exp Parasitol 2024; 256:108657. [PMID: 38043764 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti serves as the primary vector for viruses like dengue, Chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever, posing a significant public health challenge in Brazil. Given the absence of approved vaccines for these diseases, effective mosquito control becomes paramount in preventing outbreaks. However, currently available chemical insecticides face issues related to toxicity and the emergence of resistance, necessitating the exploration of new active compounds. Drawing inspiration from natural products, we identified the 1,3-benzodioxole group as a key pharmacophore associated with insecticidal activity. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize and assess the larvicidal activity of 1,3-benzodioxole acids against Ae. aegypti, as well as their toxicity in mammals. Among the compounds evaluated, 3,4-(methylenedioxy) cinnamic acid (compound 4) demonstrated larvicidal activity. It exhibited LC50 and LC90 values of 28.9 ± 5.6 and 162.7 ± 26.2 μM, respectively, after 24 h of exposure. For reference, the positive control, temephos, displayed both LC50 and LC90 values below 10.94 μM. These findings underline the significance of the 3,4-methylenedioxy substituent on the aromatic ring and the presence of a double bond in the aliphatic chain for biological activity. Furthermore, compound 4 exhibited no cytotoxicity towards human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, even at concentrations up to 5200 μM. Lastly, in mice treated with 2000 mg kg-1, compound 4 showed mild behavioral effects and displayed no structural signs of toxicity in vital organs such as the kidney, liver, spleen, and lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariza Severina de Lima Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. Prof. Artur de Sá, s/n, 50.740-525, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Marcilene Souza da Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. Prof. Artur de Sá, s/n, 50.740-525, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Carlos Dantas da Cruz
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. Prof. Artur de Sá, s/n, 50.740-525, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Bruno de Oliveira Veras
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, 50.670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ivone Antonia de Souza
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. Prof. Artur de Sá, s/n, 50.740-525, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Rafael Matos Ximenes
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. Prof. Artur de Sá, s/n, 50.740-525, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mendonça de Aquino
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas - UFAL, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, 57.072-900, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Alexandre José da Silva Góes
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. Prof. Artur de Sá, s/n, 50.740-525, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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11
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Prajapati S, Jana S. Selective recognition of Fe 2+ in aqueous solution by chalcones. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123129. [PMID: 37473665 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of metal ions in aqueous media has direct impact for designing new supramolecular hosts for targeting biochemical pathways. In the present work we have studied the binding behavior of three simple chalcones with variation in number of phenolic OH groups. These chalcones showed very good binding capabilities towards metal ions in CH3OH-H2O (1:1, v/v) solvent system. The receptors R1 has interacted with all metal ions, which are used in the present study through 2:1 mode of complexation whereas R2 have showed equilibrium between the complexes of 2:1 and 1:1 with few exceptions. The highest association constants (K21) of R1 and R2 for Fe2+ is observed as 1.1 × 109 (4) M-1 and 2.3 × 108 (7) M-1 respectively by fluorescence titration method. But R3, which is lack of any phenolic OH group, binds all the metal ions through the formation of 1:1 mode of complex formation by exploiting the only one donor site as carbonyl 'O' atom resulting lower association constant for all the metal ions. So intermolecular hydrogen bonding as well as π- π stacking interaction forced the receptors R1 and R2 to arrange in a pseudo cleft orientation for the recognition of metal ions in 2:1 mode of complex formation. The binding behaviour of the receptors with few alkali metal ions (Na+, K+ and Cs+) and alkaline-earth metal ions (Mg2+, Ca2+ and Ba2+) are also studied and observed weak binding nature in compared with the transition metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Prajapati
- Department of Chemistry, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (Central University), Amarkantak, M.P. Pin-484887, India
| | - Subrata Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (Central University), Amarkantak, M.P. Pin-484887, India.
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12
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Zhang Z, Sui A, Zhang X, Wang X, He X, Zhang B, Wu H. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Vinylogous Michael Addition of Electron-Deficient Aryl Alkane Nucleophiles to Enals. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38015566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a protocol for an organocatalyzed asymmetric vinylogous Michael addition of aryl alkane nucleophiles with enals under base- and additive-free conditions. A series of allylic building blocks were obtained in 60%-93% yield and 88-99% ee with 20 mol % diphenylprolinol silyl ether as catalyst. This protocol has advantages such as excellent chemoselectivity and regioselectivity, good tolerance of functionalities, and simple reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Zhang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Ao Sui
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xinyi He
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Bingzhu Zhang
- Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang 050026, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
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13
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Kaasik M, Chen PP, Ričko S, Jørgensen KA, Houk KN. Asymmetric [4 + 2], [6 + 2], and [6 + 4] Cycloadditions of Isomeric Formyl Cycloheptatrienes Catalyzed by a Chiral Diamine Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23874-23890. [PMID: 37862136 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Novel asymmetric aminocatalytic cycloadditions are described between formyl cycloheptatrienes and 6,6-dimethylfulvene that lead to [4 + 2], [6 + 2], and [4 + 6] cycloadducts. The unprecedented reaction course is dependent on the position of the formyl functionality in the cycloheptatriene core, and each formyl cycloheptatriene isomer displays a distinct reactivity pattern. The formyl cycloheptatriene isomers are activated by a chiral primary diamine catalyst, and the activation mode is dependent on the position of the formyl functionality relative to the cycloheptatriene core. The [4 + 2] and [6 + 2] cycloadducts are formed via rare iminocatalytic inverse electron-demand cycloadditions, while the [4 + 6] cycloadduct is formed by a normal electron-demand cycloaddition. The reactivity displayed by the different formyl cycloheptatrienes was investigated by DFT calculations. These computational studies account for the different reaction paths for the three isomeric formyl cycloheptatrienes. The aminocatalytic [4 + 2], [6 + 2], and [4 + 6] cycloadditions proceed by stepwise processes, and the interplay between conjugation, substrate distortion, and dispersive interactions between the fulvene and aminocatalyst mainly defines the outcome of each cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikk Kaasik
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-80000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Pan-Pan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sebastijan Ričko
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-80000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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14
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Oiarbide M, Palomo C. Brønsted Base-Catalyzed Enantioselective α-Functionalization of Carbonyl Compounds Involving π-Extended Enolates. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300164. [PMID: 37350363 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Chiral Brønsted base (BB) catalyzed asymmetric transformations constitute an important tool for synthesis. A meaningful fraction of these transformations proceeds through transiently generated enolate intermediates, which display quite versatile reactivity against a variety of electrophiles. Some years ago, our group became interested in developing BB-catalyzed asymmetric reactions of enolizable carbonyl substrates that involve π-extended enolates in which, besides control of reaction diastereo and enantioselectivity, the site-selectivity control is an additional issue in most cases. In the examples covered in this account the opportunities deployed, and the challenges posed, by these methods are illustrated, with a focus on the generation of quaternary carbon stereocenters. In the way, new bifunctional BB catalysts as well as achiral templates were developed that may find further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Oiarbide
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Claudio Palomo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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15
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Subbi Reddy M, Nanubolu JB, Suresh S. Design and development of intramolecular doubly vinylogous Michael addition to access 3-aryl substituted 2-alkenyl-benzofurans and -indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2023. [PMID: 37326590 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00861d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have disclosed a rare example of an intramolecular doubly vinylogous Michael addition (DVMA). The reaction design exploits the innate reactivity of ortho-heteroatom substituted para-quinone methide (p-QM) derivatives. The sequential reaction of p-QMs and activated allyl halides proceeds through heteroatom-allylation, DVMA and oxidation to furnish a diverse range of 2-alkenyl benzofuran and 2-alkenyl indole derivatives in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyam Subbi Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Laboratory of X-Ray Crystallography, Department of Analytical Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Surisetti Suresh
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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16
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Bania N, Barman D, Pan SC. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Inverse-Electron-Demand Diels-Alder Reaction between Alkylidene Pyrazolones and Allyl Ketones: Access to Tetrahydropyrano[2,3- c]pyrazoles. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37262311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a catalytic asymmetric inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction between alkylidene pyrazolones and allyl ketones. Allyl ketone gets activated by a bifunctional thiourea catalyst and acts as a dienolate in this reaction. The trisubstituted tetrahydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles were obtained in moderate to good yields with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities. Few applications, including a decarbonylation reaction, have been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Bania
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dipankar Barman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Subhas Chandra Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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17
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Wang Y, Li Q, Song X, Wang J, Yin X, Li SS, Wang L. Chemoselective and diastereoselective construction of 4-alkylidene-tetrahydroquinoline via a redox-neutral vinylogous cascade [1,7]-hydride transfer/6- endo-trig cyclization strategy. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4007-4012. [PMID: 37128724 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00223c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a chemoselective and diastereoselective synthesis of the medicinally significant 4-alkylidene-tetrahydroquinoline via a redox-neutral vinylogous cascade condensation/[1,7]-hydride transfer/6-endo-trig cyclization strategy, which features a novel product skeleton, high chemoselectivity and diastereoselectivity, facile introduction of 4-alkylidenyl motifs, employment of α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated dicyanoalkenes as novel hydride acceptors, and green and metal-free conditions with water as the only by-product. Additionally, the versatility of α,α-dicyanoalkenes has been fully exploited as hydride acceptors and γ-exclusive nucleophiles consecutively for accessing novel heterocyclic skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Xiaopei Song
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Xiangcong Yin
- Hematology Diagnosis Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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18
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Xu J, Song Y, Yang J, Yang B, Su Z, Lin L, Feng X. Sterically Hindered and Deconjugative α-Regioselective Asymmetric Mannich Reaction of Meinwald Rearrangement-Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217887. [PMID: 36700493 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Compared to γ-addition, the α-addition of α-branched β,γ-unsaturated aldehydes faces larger steric hindrance and disrupts the π-π conjugation, which might be why very few examples are reported. In this article, a highly diastereo- and enantioselective α-regioselective Mannich reaction of isatin-derived ketimines with α-, β- or γ-branched β,γ-unsaturated aldehydes, generated in situ from Meinwald rearrangement of vinyl epoxides, is realized by using chiral N,N'-dioxide/ScIII catalysts. A series of chiral α-quaternary allyl aldehydes and homoallylic alcohols with vicinal multisubstituted stereocenters are constructed in excellent yields, good d.r. and excellent ee values. Experimental studies and DFT (density functional theory) calculations reveal that the large steric hindrance of the ligand and the Boc (tButyloxy carbonyl) protecting group of imines are critical factors for the α-regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanji Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingqian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhishan Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
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19
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Urwin SJ, Goicoechea JM. Formation, Reactivity and Decomposition of Aryl Phospha-Enolates. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203081. [PMID: 36367092 PMCID: PMC10108052 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Two lithium phospha-enolates [RP=C(Sii Pr3 )OLi]2 were prepared by reaction of triisopropyl silyl phosphaethynolate, i Pr3 SiPCO, with aryl lithium reagents LiR (R=Mes: 1,3,5-trimethyl phenyl; or Mes*: 1,3,5,-tri-tertbutyl phenyl). Monomer/dimer aggregation of the enolates can be modulated by addition of 12-crown-4. Substitution of lithium for a heavier alkali metal was achieved through initial formation of a silyl enol ether, followed by reaction with KOt Bu to form the corresponding potassium phospha-enolate [MesP=C(Sii Pr3 )OK]2 . On addition of water, the enolates are protonated to afford RP=C(Sii Pr3 )(OH). For the sterically less demanding system (R=Mes), this phospha-enol rapidly tautomerises to the corresponding acyl phosphine MesP(H)C(Sii Pr3 )(O), which on heating extrudes CO. In contrast, bulkier phospha-enol (R=Mes*) is stable to rearrangement at room temperature and thermally decomposes to RH and i Pr3 SiPCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Urwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Jose M Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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20
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Vieira de Castro T, Huang DM, Sumby CJ, Lawrence AL, George JH. A bioinspired, one-step total synthesis of peshawaraquinone. Chem Sci 2023; 14:950-954. [PMID: 36755725 PMCID: PMC9890946 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05377b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A concise synthesis of a stereochemically complex meroterpenoid, peshawaraquinone, via the unsymmetrical dimerization of its achiral precursor, dehydro-α-lapachone, is reported. Enabled by reversible oxa-6π-electrocyclizations of 2H-pyran intermediates, the base-catalyzed dimerization sets up an intramolecular (3 + 2) cycloaddition, with the formation of six stereocenters during the cascade. Combining the generation and in situ dimerization of dehydro-α-lapachone allows a one-step total synthesis of peshawaraquinone from lawsone and prenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Vieira de Castro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5000 Australia .,EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - David M. Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5000Australia
| | | | - Andrew L. Lawrence
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of EdinburghJoseph Black Building, David Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
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21
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Liu C, Zhu X, Liu Y, Yang H, Fu H. Base-Controlled Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular 'One Substrate - Five Reactions' of 5-Benzyl-1-(2-halobenzyl)-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-ones. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203974. [PMID: 36653308 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Achieving site-selectivity and chemoselectivity is enormously challenging for substrates with multi-reactive sites in organic reactions. One kind of model substrates, 5-benzyl-1-(2-halobenzyl)-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-ones with six reactive sites were chosen as the examples to probe their intramolecular four kinds of five reactions including C(sp3 )-H arylation, C(sp2 )-H arylation, reductive Heck reaction, and domino Heck reaction/alkylation of aryl C(sp2 )-H bonds through variation of the reaction conditions. Screening of the reaction conditions showed that the different bases controlled the palladium-catalyzed intramolecular site-selectivity and chemoselectivity of the substrates: (i) Cesium carbonate (Cs2 CO3 ) promoted the benzyl C(sp3 )-H arylation of the substrates providing dihydropyrazolo[1,5-b]isoquinolin-2(1H)-ones at 100 °C, and isomerization of the dihydropyrazolo[1,5-b]isoquinolin-2(1H)-ones gave isoquinoline derivatives at a higher temperature (140 °C); (ii) Sodium acetate (NaOAc) mediated the aryl C(sp2 )-H arylation of the substrates affording seven-membered biphenyl N-heterocycles; (iii) Sodium dichloroacetate (Cl2 HCCO2 Na) facilitated occurrence of the reductive Heck reaction of the substrates affording 1H-pyrazolo[5,1-a]isoindol-2(8H)-ones; (iv) Sodium trifluoroacetate (F3 CCO2 Na) assisted performance of the domino Heck reaction/aryl C(sp2 )-H alkylation of the substrates leading to the spiro heterocycles. The 'one substrate - multiple reactions - multiple products' strategy greatly reduces cost, increases diversity of products, provides more opportunity for screening of pharmaceutical molecules, and enriches modern organic synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and, Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xianjin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and, Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and, Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and, Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and, Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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22
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Singh S, Saini R, Singh RP. Enantioselective Distal Functionalization of 3-Cyano-4-methylcoumarins through Direct Vinylogous Conjugate Addition to Maleimides. J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ravi Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ravi P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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23
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Guo Y, Wu L, Qiu FG. Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Formal [4 + 2] Cyclization of Nitroalkenes and Unsaturated Ketoesters under Phase-Transfer Catalysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:8370-8374. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Guo
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linping Wu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fayang G. Qiu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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24
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Szabó KF, Goliszewska K, Szurmak J, Rybicka-Jasińska K, Gryko D. Site-Selective, Photocatalytic Vinylogous Amidation of Enones. Org Lett 2022; 24:8120-8124. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kitti Franciska Szabó
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Goliszewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Szurmak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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25
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Tien CH, Lough AJ, Yudin AK. Iminologous epoxide ring-closure. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12175-12179. [PMID: 36349099 PMCID: PMC9600474 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04496j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of new reactions enables chemists to attain a better understanding of fundamental chemical reactivity and push the boundaries of organic synthesis. Our understanding and manipulation of high-energy states such as reactive conformations, intermediates, and transition structures contribute to this field. Herein we interrogate epoxide ring-closure by inserting the C[double bond, length as m-dash]N functionality into a well-known precursor to nucleophilic epoxide ring-closure. The synthesis of tetrasubstituted, nitrile-tethered epoxides takes place via activation of iminologous diols followed by fragmentation. Mechanistic study reveals the transformation to be stereospecific, which is consistent with the concerted nature of the epoxide ring-closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Hung Tien
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Alan J Lough
- X-Ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Andrei K Yudin
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
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26
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You ZH, Zou S, Song YL, Song XQ. Enantioselective Synthesis of Fused Butyrolactones via Organocatalytic Formal [2 + 2 + 2] Annulation of γ-Butenolides, Methylene Indolinones, and Nitroolefins. Org Lett 2022; 24:7183-7187. [PMID: 36170457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An organocatalyzed asymmetric synthesis of fused butyrolactones via formal [2 + 2 + 2] annulation between γ-butenolides, methylene indolinones, and nitroolefins in a one-pot process has been established. Products containing six contiguous stereocenters could be obtained in good yields (up to 95%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) catalyzed by a l-tert-leucine-derived bifunctional thiourea catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao You
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Sheng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ya-Li Song
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xue-Qing Song
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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27
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Jia H, Ritter T. α-Thianthrenium Carbonyl Species: The Equivalent of an α-Carbonyl Carbocation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208978. [PMID: 35895980 PMCID: PMC9804271 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Here we report an α-thianthrenium carbonyl species, as the equivalent of an α-carbonyl carbocation, which is generated by the radical conjugate addition of a trifluoromethyl thianthrenium salt to Michael acceptors. The reactivity allows for the synthesis of Cα -tetrasubstituted α- and β-amino acid analogues via a Ritter reaction by addition of acetonitrile. Addition of hydroxide, methoxide, and even fluoride can afford α-heteroatom substituted α-phenylpropanoates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jia
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany,Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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28
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Qian HD, Li ZH, Deng S, Yao C, Xiang HM, Xu G, Geng ZQ, Wang Z, Chen L, Liu C, Zhu C, Qi X, Xu H. Catalytic Asymmetric Vinylogous and Bisvinylogous Propargylic Substitution. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15779-15785. [PMID: 35976107 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Distinct regio- and enantioselectivity control in copper-catalyzed vinylogous and bisvinylogous propargylic substitution has been accomplished by using a novel chiral N,N,P ligand. The developed method provides an efficient and selective approach to an array of highly enantioenriched alkynyl unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Salient features include excellent functional group tolerance and broad substrate scope. The synthetic utility of the developed method is further demonstrated by a gram-scale synthesis and by application to a range of transformations including enantioselective synthesis of unique challenging compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Dong Qian
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Heng Li
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Deng
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Chaochao Yao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Ming Xiang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Guang Xu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Qi Geng
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Zihao Wang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Linfeng Chen
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Chunrong Liu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Cuiju Zhu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
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29
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Costa AM, Castro-Alvarez A, Vilarrasa J, Fillot D. Computational Comparison of the Stability of Iminium Ions and Salts from Enals and Pyrrolidine Derivatives (Aminocatalysts). European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Costa
- Universitat de Barcelona Facultat de Química: Universitat de Barcelona Facultat de Quimica Organic Chemistry Section Av. Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona SPAIN
| | - Alejandro Castro-Alvarez
- Universidad de la Frontera Facultad de Medicina Ciencias Preclínicas Av. Alemania 0458 4810296 Temuco CHILE
| | - Jaume Vilarrasa
- Universitat de Barcelona Organic Chemistry Section, Fac. Quimica Av. Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona SPAIN
| | - Daniel Fillot
- Universidad de Barcelona Facultad de Química: Universitat de Barcelona Facultat de Quimica Organic Chemistry Section (Dep. Quim. Inorg. i Org.) Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona SPAIN
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30
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S. V. SS, Law JN, Tripp CE, Duplyakin D, Skordilis E, Biagioni D, Paton RS, St. John PC. Multi-objective goal-directed optimization of de novo stable organic radicals for aqueous redox flow batteries. NAT MACH INTELL 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s42256-022-00506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAdvances in the field of goal-directed molecular optimization offer the promise of finding feasible candidates for even the most challenging molecular design applications. One example of a fundamental design challenge is the search for novel stable radical scaffolds for an aqueous redox flow battery that simultaneously satisfy redox requirements at the anode and cathode, as relatively few stable organic radicals are known to exist. To meet this challenge, we develop a new open-source molecular optimization framework based on AlphaZero coupled with a fast, machine-learning-derived surrogate objective trained with nearly 100,000 quantum chemistry simulations. The objective function comprises two graph neural networks: one that predicts adiabatic oxidation and reduction potentials and a second that predicts electron density and local three-dimensional environment, previously shown to be correlated with radical persistence and stability. With no hard-coded knowledge of organic chemistry, the reinforcement learning agent finds molecule candidates that satisfy a precise combination of redox, stability and synthesizability requirements defined at the quantum chemistry level, many of which have reasonable predicted retrosynthetic pathways. The optimized molecules show that alternative stable radical scaffolds may offer a unique profile of stability and redox potentials to enable low-cost symmetric aqueous redox flow batteries.
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31
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Jia H, Ritter T. α‐Thianthrenium Carbonyl Species: The Equivalent of an α‐Carbonyl Carbocation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jia
- Max-Planck-Institute für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Chemistry Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Muelheim an der Ruhr GERMANY
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kohlenforschung Department of Organic Chemistry Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Muelheim an der Ruhr GERMANY
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32
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Wang Z, Cheng Y, Yue Z, Chen X, Li P, Li W. Organocatalytic Asymmetric 3‐Allenylation of Indoles via Remote Stereocontrolled 1,10‐Additions of Alkynyl Indole Imine Methides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Wang
- Qingdao University Department of Chemistry Qingdao CHINA
| | - Yuyu Cheng
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Shenzhen CHINA
| | - Zhibin Yue
- Qingdao University Department of Chemistry Qingdao CHINA
| | - Xuling Chen
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Shenzhen CHINA
| | - Pengfei Li
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 1088 Xueyuan Blvd., Nanshan district 518055 Shenzhen CHINA
| | - Wenjun Li
- Qingdao University Department of Chemistry Qingdao CHINA
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33
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De Oliveira Silva A, Harper JL, Fuhr KN, Lalancette RA, Cheong PHY, Brenner-Moyer SE. DyKAT by DiCat: Stereoconvergent Dienamine-Catalyzed Claisen Rearrangements. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10105-10113. [PMID: 35881006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This Claisen rearrangement establishes the feasibility of DyKAT of γ-epimeric enals via dienamine formation to afford enantioenriched products. γ-Aryl and -alkyl enals, and exocyclic enals that introduce quaternary centers, are all amenable substrates. Products are readily converted into pyrrolidines or cyclopentenols. Notably, a reactive dienamine intermediate has been isolated from a catalytic reaction, fully characterized, and converted to product upon reexposure to reaction conditions. Product configuration arises from a directing C-H···π interaction in the transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana De Oliveira Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Jordan L Harper
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Katherine N Fuhr
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Roger A Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Stacey E Brenner-Moyer
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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34
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Zhong F, Yue WJ, Yin XH, Zhang HM, Yin L. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Allenylamines and β-Lactams through Regioselective Mannich-Type Reactions. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Jun Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xing-Hao Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong-Ming Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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35
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Lin X, Shen B, Wang Z, Cheng Y, Chen X, Li P, Yu P, Li W. Organocatalytic Enantioselective 1,10-Addition of Alkynyl Indole Imine Methides with Thiazolones: An Access to Axially Chiral Tetrasubstituted Allenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:4914-4918. [PMID: 35770873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric organocatalytic remote 1,10-addition of alkynyl indole imine methides generated in situ from α-(6-indolyl) propargylic alcohols with thiazolones has been developed for the first time, affording axially chiral tetrasubstituted allenes featuring vicinal sulfur-containing quaternary carbon stereocenters in high yields with excellent stereoselectivities. The representative scale-up reaction and transformations of the 1,10-adduct were examined. The reaction mechanism was expounded by control experiments and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Boming Shen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yuyu Cheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuling Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peiyuan Yu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
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36
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Monasterolo C, Adamo MFA. Vinylogous Nitro-Haloform Reaction Enables Aromatic Amination. Org Lett 2022; 24:4729-4733. [PMID: 35763040 PMCID: PMC9274776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The first example
of an aromatic haloform reaction is reported,
defining a conceptually new haloform-type approach to the metal-free
functionalization of arenes. We demonstrated that heteroarenes bearing
a vinylogous nitromethane system, via the stage of a trichloromethane
derivative, could undergo aromatic amination to produce N-functionalized
arenes in quantitative yields and without the need for transition-metal
catalysis. The haloform-type amination was implemented in the development
of effective orthogonal N-protection strategies, establishing a new
promising N-protecting reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Monasterolo
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mauro F A Adamo
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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37
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Chen IT, Guan RY, Han JL. Asymmetric Sequential Vinylogous Mannich/annulation/acylation Process of 2‐Ethylidene 1,3‐indandiones and Isatin N‐Boc ketimines: Access to Chiral Spiro‐oxindole Piperidine Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Umekubo N, Han X, Mori N, Hayashi Y. Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether Catalyzed Asymmetric Formal Carbo [3+3] Cycloaddition Reaction of Isopropylidenemalononitrile and α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehyde. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nariyoshi Umekubo
- Tohoku Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Xiaolei Han
- Tohoku Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Naoki Mori
- Tohoku Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Science Faculty of Science: Tohoku Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu Department of Chemistry 6-3, Aramaki-AzaAobaAobaku 980-8578 Sendai JAPAN
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39
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Quevedo-Acosta Y, Jurberg ID, Gamba-Sánchez D. Cyclization Strategies Using Imide Derivatives for the Synthesis of Polycyclic Nitrogen‐Containing Compounds. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor D. Jurberg
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas Institute of Chemistry 13083 BRAZIL
| | - Diego Gamba-Sánchez
- Universidad de Los Andes Chemistry Department Cra 1 No. 18A-12 Q:305 111711 Bogota COLOMBIA
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40
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Costa AM, Cascales V, Castro-Alvarez A, Vilarrasa J. Computational Study of the Stability of Pyrrolidine-Derived Iminium Ions: Exchange Equilibria between Iminium Ions and Carbonyl Compounds. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:18247-18258. [PMID: 35694469 PMCID: PMC9178767 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tendency of carbonyl compounds to form iminium ions by reaction with pyrrolidine or chiral pyrrolidine derivatives (in other words, the relative stability to hydrolysis of these iminium ions) has been computationally examined, mainly using the M06-2X/6-311+G(d,p) method. We have thus obtained the equilibrium positions for R-CH=O + CH2=CH-CH=N+R2* → R-CH=N+R2* + CH2=CH-CH=O reactions and for related exchanges. In these exchanges, there is a transfer of a secondary amine between two carbonyl compounds. Their relative energies may be used to predict which iminium species can be predominantly formed when two or more carbonyl groups are present in a reaction medium. In the catalytic Michael additions of nucleophiles to iminium ions arising from conjugated enals, dienals, and trienals, if the formation of the new Nu-C bond is favorable, the chances of amino-catalyzed reactions to efficiently proceed, with high conversions, depend on the calculated energy values for these exchange equilibria, where the iminium tetrafluoroborates of the adducts (final iminium intermediates) must be more prone to hydrolysis than the initial iminium tetrafluoroborates. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the MacMillan catalysts and related oxazolidinones are especially suitable in this regard.
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41
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Balletti M, Marcantonio E, Melchiorre P. Photochemical organocatalytic enantioselective radical γ-functionalization of α-branched enals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6072-6075. [PMID: 35481798 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01638a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is a rare example of asymmetric catalytic functionalisation of enals at the remote γ-position, proceeding via a radical path. The process requires visible light and exploits the synergistic actions of two distinct organocatalysts. A nucleophilic organic catalyst generates radicals upon SN2-based activation of commercially available alkyl halides and blue light irradiation. Concomitantly, a chiral secondary amine catalyst triggers the formation of a dienamine from α-branched enals. This chiral dienamine intercepts the photogenerated radicals with excellent γ-selectivity and good stereocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Balletti
- ICIQ - Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia - the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Enrico Marcantonio
- ICIQ - Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia - the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Paolo Melchiorre
- ICIQ - Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia - the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA - Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
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42
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Bhajammanavar V, Sureshbabu P, Reddy MK, Baidya M. Organocatalyzed Modular Synthesis of Polycyclic Dihydropyridines and Pyridines through Sulfamate Linchpin. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200400. [PMID: 35575143 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The cascade annulation between alkylidene malononitriles and cyclic sulfamidate imines has been controlled by leveraging the sulfamate functionality under organocatalysis, which allows selective access to polycyclic and densely functionalized dihydropyridines and pyridines in high yields. The protocol is scalable and shows broad substrate scope. The products were also engaged in the preparation of tetracyclic pyridopyrimidines, showcasing the synthetic versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mahiuddin Baidya
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chemistry, IIT Madras, India, Chennai, India, 600036, Chennai, INDIA
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43
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Huang ZY, Yang H, Zhou L, Li QH, Zhao ZG. Et3N catalyzed direct α-addition cascade isomerization of deconjugated butenolides with α-ketoesters for the synthesis of α,γ-disubstituted butenolide derivatives. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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44
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Bhajammanavar V, Mallik S, Choutipalli VSK, Subramanian V, Baidya M. Diastereoselective access to [4,4]-carbospirocycles: governance of thermodynamic enolates with an organocatalyst in vinylogous cascade annulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2188-2191. [PMID: 35067690 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06544k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A vinylogy concept driven annulation strategy is developed to access [4,4]-carbospirocycles from alkylidene malononitriles and cyclopentene-1,3-diones. The reaction is catalyzed by an inexpensive organocatalyst and products with three stereocenters were obtained as a single diastereomer in high yields. The spiro-selectivity originates from the reaction of the thermodynamic enolate intermediate which is fundamentally intriguing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Bhajammanavar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Sumitava Mallik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | | | - Venkatesan Subramanian
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Mahiuddin Baidya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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45
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Ghadwal RS. Tuning the Electronic Properties of Main-Group Species by N-Heterocyclic Vinyl (NHV) Scaffolds. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:457-470. [PMID: 35042327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusMolecules and materials with easily tunable electronic structures and properties are at the forefront of contemporary research. π-Conjugation is fundamental in organic chemistry and plays a key role in the design of molecular materials. In this Account, we showcase the applicability of N-heterocyclic vinyl (NHV) substituents based on classical N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) for tuning the structure, properties, and stability of main-group species (E) via π-conjugation and/or π-donation.NHVs such as [(NHC)═CR] (R = H or aryl) are monoanionic ligands formally derived by the deprotonation of N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs), (NHC)═CHR. Further deprotonation of [(NHC)═CR] (R = H) is viable, giving rise to N-heterocyclic vinylidene (NHVD) species such as (NHC)═C. NHVs and NHVDs feature a highly polarizable exocyclic CNHC═C bond because of the presence of adjacent π-donor nitrogen atoms. The nature of the NHC, in particular the π-acceptor property, has a direct consequence on the polarity of the CNHC═C bond and hence on the magnitude of π-conjugation in the derived molecules. Thus, the electronic structure, especially the energy and shape of frontier molecular orbitals, HOMO and LUMO, of derived species can be fine-tuned by a judicious choice of the carbene unit. For instance, the HOMO of classical diphosphenes (RP═PR) (R = alkyl or aryl) is invariably the phosphorus lone-pair orbital, while the P═P π-bond is HOMO - 1 or HOMO - 2. In strong contrast, the HOMO of divinyldiphosphenes (R = NHV) is mainly the P═P π-bond. This is owing to the π-conjugation, resulting in the lowering of the LUMO and raising of the HOMO energy. They have a remarkably small HOMO-LUMO energy gap (4.15-4.50 eV) and readily undergo 1e-oxidations, giving rise to stable radical cations and dications.By employing a similar approach, one can access divinyldiarsenes and the corresponding radical cations and dications as crystalline solids. The use of divinyldiphosphenes and divinyldiarsenes as promising ligands in the stabilization of metalloradicals has been shown. By a logical selection of singlet carbenes, stable 2-phosha-1,3-butadiene and 2-arsa-1,3-butadiene compounds, as well as related radical cations and dications, can be prepared as crystalline solids.The relevance of NHV ligands as potent π-donors has been demonstrated for the stabilization of elusive electrophilic phosphinidene and arsinidene complexes {(NHV)E}Fe(CO)4 (E = P or As). Moreover, stable singlet diradicaloid [(NHC)CP]2 and p-quinodimethane derivatives [(NHC)CP2]2 based on an NHVD framework are accessible as stable solids.In this Account, a special emphasis is given to the contributions from this laboratory. The author hopes that this Account will serve as a useful reference guide for researchers interested in studying and applying NHV and NHVD scaffolds in modern molecular chemistry and materials sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra S. Ghadwal
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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46
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Raczuk E, Dmochowska B, Samaszko-Fiertek J, Madaj J. Different Schiff Bases-Structure, Importance and Classification. Molecules 2022; 27:787. [PMID: 35164049 PMCID: PMC8839460 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Schiff bases are a vast group of compounds characterized by the presence of a double bond linking carbon and nitrogen atoms, the versatility of which is generated in the many ways to combine a variety of alkyl or aryl substituents. Compounds of this type are both found in nature and synthesized in the laboratory. For years, Schiff bases have been greatly inspiring to many chemists and biochemists. In this article, we attempt to present a new take on this group of compounds, underlining of the importance of various types of Schiff bases. Among the different types of compounds that can be classified as Schiff bases, we chose hydrazides, dihydrazides, hydrazones and mixed derivatives such as hydrazide-hydrazones. For these compounds, we presented the elements of their structure that allow them to be classified as Schiff bases. While hydrazones are typical examples of Schiff bases, including hydrazides among them may be surprising for some. In their case, this is possible due to the amide-iminol tautomerism. The carbon-nitrogen double bond present in the iminol tautomer is a typical element found in Schiff bases. In addition to the characteristics of the structure of these selected derivatives, and sometimes their classification, we presented selected literature items which, in our opinion, represent their importance in various fields well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Dmochowska
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (E.R.); (J.S.-F.); (J.M.)
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47
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Joshi H, Singh VK. Cinchona Derivatives as Bifunctional H‐bonding Organocatalysts in Asymmetric Vinylogous Conjugate Addition Reactions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Joshi
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur-208016 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Vinod K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur-208016 Uttar Pradesh India
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48
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Przydacz A, Topolska A, Skrzyńska A, Frankowski S, Albrecht Ł. Aminocatalytic Alkylation of Indene‐2‐Carbaldehydes via Pentaenamine Activation. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Goud SB, Guin S, Prakash M, Samanta S. Cu(OAc) 2/DABCO-mediated domino reaction of vinyl malononitriles with cyclic sulfamidate imines: access to 6-hydroxyaryl-2-aminonicotinonitriles. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:352-357. [PMID: 34931209 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02095a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel Cu(II)-salt/DABCO-mediated one-pot access to a myriad of highly substituted biologically relevant 2-aminonicotinonitriles possessing a resourceful phenolic moiety with satisfactory yields is reported. This method involves cyclic sulfamidate imines as 1C1N sources and different kinds of acyclic/cyclic vinyl malononitriles as 4C sources for pyridine synthesis via a vinylogous Mannich-cycloaromatization sequence process, creating two new C-N bonds under mild conditions. Importantly, this de novo strategy is applicable to gram-scale syntheses, underlining the method's practicability and allowing for a wide range of substrates with excellent functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Banuprakash Goud
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552 India.
| | - Soumitra Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552 India.
| | - Meher Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552 India.
| | - Sampak Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552 India.
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50
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Wang X, Song Q, Chen X, Li P, Qi Y, Li W. Organocatalytic Regio- and Enantioselective aza-1,8-Conjugate Additions of Isoxazol-5(4 H)-ones to 6-Methide-6 H-indoles. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202112023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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