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Mehdizadeh M, Karkhaneh F, Nekoomanesh M, Sadjadi S, Emami M, Teimoury H, Salimi M, Solà M, Poater A, Bahri-Laleh N, Posada-Pérez S. Influence of the Ethanol Content of Adduct on the Comonomer Incorporation of Related Ziegler-Natta Catalysts in Propylene (Co)polymerizations. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4476. [PMID: 38231935 PMCID: PMC10708330 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of the ethanol content of adducts on the catalytic behavior of related Ziegler-Natta (ZN) catalysts in propylene homo- and copolymerizations (with 1-hexene comonomer) in terms of activity, isotacticity, H2 response, and comonomer incorporation. For this purpose, three MgCl2.nEtOH adducts with n values of 0.7, 1.2, and 2.8 were synthesized and used in the synthesis of related ZN catalysts. The catalysts were thoroughly characterized using XRD, BET, SEM, EDX, N2 adsorption-desorption, and DFT techniques. Additionally, the microstructure of the synthesized (co)polymers was distinguished via DSC, SSA, and TREF techniques. Their activity was found to enhance with the adduct's ethanol content in both homo- and copolymerization experiments, and the increase was more pronounced in homopolymerization reactions in the absence of H2. Furthermore, the catalyst with the highest ethanol content provided a copolymer with a lower isotacticity index, a shorter meso sequence length, and a more uniform distribution of comonomer within the chains. These results were attributed to the higher total surface area and Ti content of the corresponding catalyst, as well as its lower average pore diameter, a larger proportion of large pores compared to the other two catalysts, and its spherical open bud morphology. It affirms the importance of catalyst/support ethanol-content control during the preparation process. Then, molecular simulation was employed to shed light on the iso-specificity of the polypropylene produced via synthesized catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Mehdizadeh
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (M.M.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Fereshteh Karkhaneh
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (M.M.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Mehdi Nekoomanesh
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (M.M.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Samahe Sadjadi
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (M.M.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Mehrsa Emami
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (M.M.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (M.E.)
| | - HamidReza Teimoury
- Research & Development Center, Kermanshah Polymer Company, Kermanshah 14965/115, Iran; (H.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Mehrdad Salimi
- Research & Development Center, Kermanshah Polymer Company, Kermanshah 14965/115, Iran; (H.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Naeimeh Bahri-Laleh
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14965/115, Iran; (M.M.); (M.N.); (S.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Sergio Posada-Pérez
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain;
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Wu SL, Qiao J, Guan J, Chen HM, Wang T, Wang C, Wang Y. Nascent disentangled UHMWPE: Origin, synthesis, processing, performances and applications. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Guo T, Zhou Q, Chen Y, Li W, Liang P, Wang J, Yang Y. Preparation of Weakly Entangled and Fine-sized Ultra-High-Molecular Weight Polyethylene by a MgCl 2-Based Ziegler–Natta Catalyst. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuming Chen
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingdai Wang
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongrong Yang
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang S, Yuan D, Chen F, Zhu J, Guo W, Zhang Y, Guo J, Huang Q. Functionalized amphiphilic polyethylene via direct copolymerizations of ethylene with α-olefin containing amino functionalization. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2021.2022494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaomeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, The College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Dingkun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, The College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, The College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Junqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, The College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wensi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, The College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, The College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, The College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qigu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, The College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Disentangled UHMWPE@silica powders for potential use in power bed fusion based additive manufacturing. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bottom-Up Synthesis of Multi-Grained Ziegler–Natta Catalyst Based on MgO/MgCl2/TiCl4 Core–Shell Catalyst. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11091092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphology control plays a major role in the design of solid catalysts. Since the heterogeneous Ziegler–Natta catalyst (ZNC) is based on the in situ synthesis of MgCl2 support in a top-down manner, the individual control of the exterior and the interior structure of the catalyst macro-particles is challenging. In this study, we successfully prepared a ZNC with a multi-grain interior structure by the spray-drying of MgO nanoparticles, inspired by the fact that the MgO/MgCl2/TiCl4 core–shell catalyst can maintain the morphology of the raw MgO nanoparticles. This catalyst is the first example of the bottom-up preparation of MgCl2-supported ZNC. Here, we report its basic preparation method, characterization results, and performance in the homo-polymerization of ethylene and propylene, and copolymerization with 1-hexene.
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