Investigation of Chain Microstructure of Polypropylene Polymerized by Ziegler–Natta Catalysts with Diester and Diether Compound as Internal Donor via Hydrogen Chain Transfer

Polymerization in the Borstar Polypropylene Hybrid Process: Combining Technology and Catalyst for Optimized Product Performance

Producing isotactic polypropylene (iPP) homo- and copolymers in a wide composition and property range according to customer demand requires perfect alignment between the process technology, catalyst system and polymer structure. The present review shows this for the Borstar® PP process, a hybrid process employing liquid bulk and gas phase stages, in an exemplary way. It starts with the process design and continues through two generations of Ziegler-Natta catalyst development history to the design of advanced multimodal random and multiphase copolymers. Essential elements of each of the three areas contributing to performance range are highlighted, and an outlook to future development is given.

Towards the design of a mixture of diether and succinate as an internal donor in a MgCl2-supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst

An investigation into competitions of mixtures of internal donors for interaction with MgCl₂was carried out and the subsequent influence on catalyst performance was studied.