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Steinke F, Hernandéz LG, Shearan SJI, Pohlmann M, Taddei M, Kolb U, Stock N. Synthesis and Structure Evolution in Metal Carbazole Diphosphonates Followed by Electron Diffraction. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:35-42. [PMID: 36346925 PMCID: PMC10170509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To access porous metal phosphonates, a new V-shaped, rigid, and sterically demanding diphosphonic acid, namely 3,6-diphosphono-9H-carbazole (H4L), was designed and employed in a high-throughput investigation. Screening of different metal salts and subsequent optimization studies resulted in the isolation of two porous metal phosphonates [Cu2(H2O)2(L)]·2H2O (CAU-37) and [Zn6.75(H2O)1.5(HL)2.5(L)1.5]·8H2O (CAU-57). Structure determination was accomplished by electron diffraction and the dehydration behavior of CAU-37 was followed in situ. A rare case of intralayer water de-/adsorption in CAU-37 was found which leads to a cell volume change of 11.9%. Rod-shaped inorganic building units (IBUs) are connected to layers and structural flexibility is due to "accordion-like" structural changes within the layers. In contrast, in CAU-57 a layered IBU is found, which usually results in the formation of dense structures. Due to the shape and rigidity of the linker, the interconnection of the IBUs results in the formation of pores. Water sorption measurements in combination with powder X-ray diffraction data confirmed the reversibility under structural retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Steinke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Laura Gemmrich Hernandéz
- Centre for High Resolution Electron Microscopy (EMC-M), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephen J I Shearan
- Energy Safety Research Institute, Swansea University, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K
| | - Maxi Pohlmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Marco Taddei
- Energy Safety Research Institute, Swansea University, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K.,Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ute Kolb
- Centre for High Resolution Electron Microscopy (EMC-M), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Stock
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany.,Kiel Nano, Surface and Interface Science KiNSIS, Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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Steinke F, Otto T, Ito S, Wöhlbrandt S, Stock N. Isostructural Family of Rare‐Earth MOFs Synthesized from 1,1,2,2‐Tetrakis(4‐phosphonophenyl)ethylene. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Steinke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Tobias Otto
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Sho Ito
- Rigaku Corporation 3-9-12 Matsubara-cho, Akishima Tokyo 196-8666 Japan
| | - Stephan Wöhlbrandt
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Norbert Stock
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
- Kiel Nano, Surface and Interface Science KiNSIS Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4 24118 Kiel Germany
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Rautenberg M, Bhattacharya B, Das C, Emmerling F. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Phosphonate-Based Proton Conducting Metal-Organic Frameworks. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10801-10809. [PMID: 35776665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Water-stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with proton-conducting behavior have attracted great attention as promising materials for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. Herein, we report the mechanochemical gram-scale synthesis of three new mixed-ligand phosphonate-based MOFs, {Co(H2PhDPA)(4,4'-bipy)(H2O)·2H2O}n (BAM-1), {Fe(H2PhDPA)(4,4'-bipy) (H2O)·2H2O}n (BAM-2), and {Cu(H2PhDPA)(dpe)2(H2O)2·2H2O}n (BAM-3) [where H2PhDPA = phenylene diphosphonate, 4,4'-bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine, and dpe = 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene]. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that BAM-1 and BAM-2 are isostructural and possess a three-dimensional (3D) network structure comprising one-dimensional (1D) channels filled with guest water molecules. Instead, BAM-3 displays a 1D network structure extended into a 3D supramolecular structure through hydrogen-bonding and π-π interactions. In all three structures, guest water molecules are interconnected with the uncoordinated acidic hydroxyl groups of the phosphonate moieties and coordinated water molecules by means of extended hydrogen-bonding interactions. BAM-1 and BAM-2 showed a gradual increase in proton conductivity with increasing temperature and reached 4.9 × 10-5 and 4.4 × 10-5 S cm-1 at 90 °C and 98% relative humidity (RH). The highest proton conductivity recorded for BAM-3 was 1.4 × 10-5 S cm-1 at 50 °C and 98% RH. Upon further heating, BAM-3 undergoes dehydration followed by a phase transition to another crystalline form which largely affects its performance. All compounds exhibited a proton hopping (Grotthuss model) mechanism, as suggested by their low activation energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Rautenberg
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, Berlin 12489, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Biswajit Bhattacharya
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Chayanika Das
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, Berlin 12489, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, Berlin 12489, Germany
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Synthesis and properties of a new vanadium benzene‐1,3‐diphosphonate. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Steinke F, Javed A, Wöhlbrandt S, Tiemann M, Stock N. New isoreticular phosphonate MOFs based on a tetratopic linker. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13572-13579. [PMID: 34515279 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02610k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tetratopic linker 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-phosphonophenyl)ethylene (H8TPPE) was used to synthesize the three new porous metal-organic frameworks of composition [M2(H2O)2(H2TPPE)]·xH2O (M = Al3+, Ga3+, Fe3+), denoted as M-CAU-53 under hydrothermal reaction conditions, using the corresponding metal nitrates as starting materials. The crystal structures of the compounds were determined ab initio from powder X-ray diffraction data, revealing small structural differences. Proton conductivity measurements were carried out, indicating different conductivity mechanisms. The differences in proton conductivity could be linked to the individual structures. In addition, a thorough characterization via thermogravimetry, elemental analysis, IR-spectroscopy as well as N2- and H2O-sorption is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Steinke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Ali Javed
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Stephan Wöhlbrandt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Michael Tiemann
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Norbert Stock
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
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Steinke F, Stock N. Systematic investigation of new alkaline earth phosphonates based on the linker molecule N,N’‐4,4’‐bipiperidine‐bis(methylenephosphonic acid). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Steinke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Norbert Stock
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel Germany
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Wei Y, Zhu B, Wang J, Wang L, Wu R, Liu W, Ma B, Yang D, Fan Y, Zhang X. A series of novel Co( ii)-based MOFs: syntheses, structural diversity, and various properties. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Three novel Co(ii)-based MOFs, having structural diversities and various properties are successfully synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Jinmiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Ruixue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Bingxiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Yuhua Fan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
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