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Shtender V, Cedervall J, Ek G, Zlotea C, Andersson MS, Manuel P, Sahlberg M, Häussermann U. Revisiting the hydrogenation behavior of NdGa and its hydride phases. J Appl Crystallogr 2024; 57:248-257. [PMID: 38596740 PMCID: PMC11001401 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576724000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
NdGa hydride and deuteride phases were prepared from high-quality NdGa samples and their structures characterized by powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction and neutron powder diffraction. NdGa with the orthorhombic CrB-type structure absorbs hydrogen at hydrogen pressures ≤ 1 bar until reaching the composition NdGaH(D)1.1, which maintains a CrB-type structure. At elevated hydrogen pressure additional hydrogen is absorbed and the maximum composition recovered under standard temperature and pressure conditions is NdGaH(D)1.6 with the Cmcm LaGaH1.66-type structure. This structure is a threefold superstructure with respect to the CrB-type structure. The hydrogen atoms are ordered and distributed on three fully occupied Wyckoff positions corresponding to tetrahedral (4c, 8g) and trigonal-bipyramidal (8g) voids in the parent structure. The threefold superstructure is maintained in the H-deficient phases NaGaH(D)x until 1.6 ≥ x ≥ 1.2. At lower H concentrations, coinciding with the composition of the hydride obtained from hydrogenation at atmospheric pressure, the unit cell of the CrB-type structure is resumed. This phase can also display H deficiency, NdGaH(D)y (1.1 ≥ y ≥ 0.9), with H(D) exclusively situated in partially empty tetrahedral voids. The phase boundary between the threefold superstructure (LaGaH1.66 type) and the onefold structure (NdGaH1.1 type) is estimated on the basis of phase-composition isotherms and neutron powder diffraction to be x = 1.15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Shtender
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, Uppsala 751 21, Sweden
| | - Johan Cedervall
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, Uppsala 751 21, Sweden
| | - Gustav Ek
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, Uppsala 751 21, Sweden
| | - Claudia Zlotea
- Université Paris-Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, Thiais 94320, France
| | - Mikael S. Andersson
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, Uppsala 751 21, Sweden
| | - Pascal Manuel
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxford OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Sahlberg
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, Uppsala 751 21, Sweden
| | - Ulrich Häussermann
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
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2
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Charkin DO, Kuznetsov AN. When Four Ones are Equal to Ten on the Interest Scale: ZrSiCuAs/LaOAgS Type Revisited (Review). RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023622050047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Zapp N, Oehler F, Bertmer M, Auer H, Sheptyakov D, Ritter C, Kohlmann H. Aliovalent anion substitution as a design concept for heteroanionic Ruddlesden–Popper hydrides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12971-12974. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04356d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aliovalent anion substitution 2 O2− ⇒ N3− + H− in LiLa2HO3 yields the heteroanionc hydrides LiLa2NH2O and LiLa2N1.5H2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Zapp
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian Oehler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Halle-Wittenberg University, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marko Bertmer
- Felix-Bloch-Institute for Solid-State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstr. 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henry Auer
- Department of Mobile Energy Storage and Electrochemistry, Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Denis Sheptyakov
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Clemens Ritter
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Holger Kohlmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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4
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Stevenson SC, Götze A, Kohlmann H. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of SnPd
3
D
0.138(7)
by Neutron Powder Diffraction. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - André Götze
- Universität Leipzig Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Werwein
- Universität Leipzig Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
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6
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Löber M, Geißenhöner CS, Ströbele M, Indris S, Romao CP, Meyer HJ. Synthesis, Structure, and Electronic Properties of Sn 9O 5Cl 4(CN 2) 2. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:14560-14567. [PMID: 31647224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The formation of the new compound Sn9O5Cl4(CN2)2 is reported and placed in the context of several other recently discovered tin carbodiimide compounds (Sn(CN2), Sn2O(CN2), and Sn4Cl2(CN2)3), all of which contain divalent tin. The crystal structure of Sn9O5Cl4(CN2)2, as determined by X-ray powder diffraction, includes an unusual [Sn8O3] cluster, in which tin atoms form the motif of a hexagonal bipyramid. An additional tin atom and two oxygen atoms connect these clusters into chains. Mössbauer spectroscopy shows tin to predominantly adopt the +2 oxidation state, and electronic structure calculations predict Sn9O5Cl4(CN2)2 to be a semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Löber
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18 , D-72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Chris Steve Geißenhöner
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18 , D-72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Markus Ströbele
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18 , D-72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Sylvio Indris
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Carl P Romao
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18 , D-72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Meyer
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18 , D-72076 Tübingen , Germany
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7
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Ek G, Nedumkandathil R, Johansson R, Montero J, Zlotea C, Andersson MS, Nordblad P, Tang C, Sahlberg M, Häussermann U. Hydrogen induced structure and property changes in Eu3Si4. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2019.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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8
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Abstract
The crystal structure of the Zintl phase hydride CaSiH≈4/3 was discussed controversially, especially with respect to the nature of the silicon-hydrogen interaction. We have applied X-ray and neutron powder diffraction as well as total neutron scattering on a deuterated sample, CaSiD1.1. Rietveld refinement (CaSiD1.1, Pnma, a = 14.579(4) Å, b = 3.8119(4) Å, c = 11.209(2) Å) and an analysis of the neutron pair distribution function show a silicon-deuterium bond length of 1.53 Å. The Si–H bond may thus be categorized as covalent and the main structural features described by a limiting ionic formula Ca2+H−(Si−)2/3(SiH−)1/3. Hydrogen atoms decorating the ribbon-like silicon polyanion made of three connected zigzag chains are under-occupied, resulting in a composition CaSiH1.1. Hydrogen-poor Zintl phase hydrides CaSiH<1 with hydride ions in Ca4 tetrahedra only were found in an in situ neutron diffraction experiment at elevated temperature. Hydrogen (deuterium) uptake and release in CaSiDx (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.17) is a very fast process and takes less than 1 min to complete, which is of importance for possible hydrogen storage applications.
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Guehne R, Auer H, Kohlmann H, Haase J, Bertmer M. Determination of element-deuterium bond lengths in Zintl phase deuterides by 2H-NMR. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:10594-10602. [PMID: 31074753 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00292h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The Zintl phase deuterides CaSiD4/3, SrSiD5/3, BaSiD2, SrGeD4/3, BaGeD5/3 and BaSnD4/3 were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to reliably determine element-deuterium bond lengths. These compounds show deuterium bound to the polyanion and deuteride ions in tetrahedral cationic voids. With 2H-NMR experiments we characterised the individual signals of the two distinct crystal sites. Quadrupolar coupling constants (CQ) of the anion-binding site were determined as 58 to 78 kHz (Si compounds), 51 to 61 kHz (Ge compounds) and 38 kHz (Sn compound). These values agree well with the quadrupole couplings derived from DFT using optimized structural models. We further calculated the general element-deuterium distance dependency of CQ using DFT methods that allow an accurate determination of bond lengths via the 2H quadrupole interaction. The thus determined bond lengths are evaluated as d(Si-D) = 1.53-1.59 Å, d(Ge-D) = 1.61-1.65 Å and d(Sn-D) = 1.86 Å. Chemical shifts of the anion-binding site range from 0.3 to 1.3 ppm. The isotropic chemical shifts of the tetrahedral sites are 5.1 ppm (CaSiD4/3), 7.0 to 10.0 ppm (Sr compounds) and 10.7 to 11.6 ppm (Ba compounds).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Guehne
- Felix Bloch Institute, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. and MacDiarmid Institute, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Henry Auer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Holger Kohlmann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Haase
- Felix Bloch Institute, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Marko Bertmer
- Felix Bloch Institute, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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10
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Hydrogenation Properties of LnAl2 (Ln = La, Eu, Yb), LaGa2, LaSi2 and the Crystal Structure of LaGa2H0.71(2). CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9040193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many Zintl phases take up hydrogen and form hydrides. Hydrogen atoms occupy interstitial sites formed by alkali or alkaline earth metals and / or bind covalently to the polyanions. The latter is the case for polyanionic hydrides like SrTr2H2 (Tr = Al, Ga) with slightly puckered honeycomb-like polyanions decorated with hydrogen atoms. This study addresses the hydrogenation behavior of LnTr2, where the lanthanide metals Ln introduce one additional valence electron. Hydrogenation reactions were performed in autoclaves and followed by thermal analysis up to 5.0 MPa hydrogen gas pressure. Products were analyzed by powder X-ray and neutron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and NMR spectroscopy. Phases LnAl2 (Ln = La, Eu, Yb) decompose into binary hydrides and aluminium-rich intermetallics upon hydrogenation, while LaGa2 forms a ternary hydride LaGa2H0.71(2). Hydrogen atoms are statistically distributed over two kinds of trigonal-bipyramidal La3Ga2 interstitials with 67% and 4% occupancy, respectively. Ga-H distances (2.4992(2) Å) are considerably longer than in polyanionic hydrides and not indicative of covalent bonding. 2H solid-state NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations on Density Functional Theory (DFT) level confirm that LaGa2H0.7 is a typical interstitial metallic hydride.
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11
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Auer H, Nedumkandathil R, Häussermann U, Kohlmann H. The Hydrogenation of the Zintl Phase NdGa Studied by in situ Neutron Diffraction. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Auer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Leipzig; 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Reji Nedumkandathil
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ulrich Häussermann
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Holger Kohlmann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Leipzig; 04103 Leipzig Germany
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12
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Werwein A, Auer H, Kuske L, Kohlmann H. From Metallic LnTt
( Ln
= La, Nd; Tt
= Si, Ge, Sn) to Electron-precise Zintl Phase Hydrides LnTt
H. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Werwein
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Leipzig University; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Henry Auer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Leipzig University; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Lena Kuske
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Leipzig University; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Holger Kohlmann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Leipzig University; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
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13
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Reversible hydrogenation of the Zintl phases BaGe and BaSn studied by in situ diffraction. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2017-2142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hydrogenation products of the Zintl phases AeTt (Ae = alkaline earth; Tt = tetrel) exhibit hydride anions on interstitial sites as well as hydrogen covalently bound to Tt which leads to a reversible hydrogenation at mild conditions. In situ thermal analysis, synchrotron and neutron powder diffraction under hydrogen (deuterium for neutrons) pressure was applied to BaTt (Tt=Ge, Sn). BaTtHy (1<y<1.67, γ-phases) were formed at 5 MPa hydrogen pressure and elevated temperatures (400–450 K). Further heating (500–550 K) leads to a hydrogen release forming the new phases β-BaGeH0.5 (Pnma, a=1319.5(2) pm, b=421.46(2) pm, c=991.54(7) pm) and α-BaSnH0.19 (Cmcm, a=522.72(6) pm, b=1293.6(2) pm, c=463.97(6) pm). Upon cooling the hydrogen rich phases are reformed. Thermal decomposition of γ-BaGeHy under vacuum leads to β-BaGeH0.5 and α-BaGeH0.13 [Cmcm, a=503.09(3) pm, b=1221.5(2) pm, c=427.38(4) pm]. At 500 K the reversible reaction α-BaGeH0.23 (vacuum)⇄β-BaGeH0.5 (0.2 MPa deuterium pressure) is fast and was observed with 10 s time resolution by in situ neutron diffraction. The phases α-BaTtHy show a pronounced phase width (at least 0.09<y<0.36). β-BaGeH0.5 and the γ-phases appear to be line phases. The hydrogen poor (α- and β-) phases show a partial occupation of Ba4 tetrahedra by hydride anions leading to a partial oxidation of polyanions and shortening of Tt–Tt bonds.
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Auer H, Schlegel R, Oeckler O, Kohlmann H. Structural and Electronic Flexibility in Hydrides of Zintl Phases with Tetrel-Hydrogen and Tetrel-Tetrel Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12344-12347. [PMID: 28727236 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The hydrogenation of Zintl phases enables the formation of new structural entities with main-group-element-hydrogen bonds in the solid state. The hydrogenation of SrSi, BaSi, and BaGe yields the hydrides SrSiH5/3-x, BaSiH5/3-x and BaGeH5/3-x . The crystal structures show a sixfold superstructure compared to the parent Zintl phase and were solved by a combination of X-ray, neutron, and electron diffraction and the aid of DFT calculations. Layers of connected HSr4 (HBa4 ) tetrahedra containing hydride ions alternate with layers of infinite single- and double-chain polyanions, in which hydrogen atoms are covalently bound to silicon and germanium. The idealized formulae AeTtH5/3 (Ae=alkaline earth, Tt=tetrel) can be rationalized with the Zintl-Klemm concept according to (Ae2+ )3 (TtH- )(Tt2 H2- )(H- )3 , where all Tt atoms are three-binding. The non-stoichiometry (SrSiH5/3-x , x=0.17(2); BaGeH5/3-x , x=0.10(3)) can be explained by additional π-bonding of the Tt chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Auer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Schlegel
- Institute of Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science, Leipzig University, Scharnhorststraße 20, 04275, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oliver Oeckler
- Institute of Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science, Leipzig University, Scharnhorststraße 20, 04275, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Kohlmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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15
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Auer H, Schlegel R, Oeckler O, Kohlmann H. Strukturelle und elektronische Flexibilität in Hydriden von Zintl-Phasen mit Tetrel-Wasserstoff- und Tetrel-Tetrel-Bindung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Auer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Deutschland
| | - Robert Schlegel
- Institut für Mineralogie, Kristallographie und Materialwissenschaften; Universität Leipzig; Scharnhorststraße 20 04275 Leipzig Deutschland
| | - Oliver Oeckler
- Institut für Mineralogie, Kristallographie und Materialwissenschaften; Universität Leipzig; Scharnhorststraße 20 04275 Leipzig Deutschland
| | - Holger Kohlmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Leipzig; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Deutschland
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Auer H, Kohlmann H. In situ
Investigations on the Formation and Decomposition of KSiH3
and CsSiH3. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201700164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Auer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Leipzig University; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Holger Kohlmann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Leipzig University; Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
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Abstract
Hydrides (deuterides) of the CrB-type Zintl phases AeTt (Ae = alkaline earth; Tt = tetrel) show interesting bonding properties with novel polyanions. In SrGeD4/3-x (γ phase), three zigzag chains of Ge atoms are condensed and terminated by covalently bound D atoms. A combination of in situ techniques (thermal analysis and synchrotron and neutron powder diffraction) revealed the existence of two further hydride (deuteride) phases with lower H (D) content (called α and β phases). Both are structurally related to the parent Zintl phase SrGe and to the ZrNiH structure type containing variable amounts of H (D) in Sr4 tetrahedra. For α-SrGeDy, the highest D content y = 0.29 was found at 575(2) K under 5.0(1) MPa of D2 pressure, and β-SrGeDy shows a homogeneity range of 0.47 < y < 0.63. Upon decomposition of SrGeD4/3-x (γ-SrGeDy), tetrahedral Sr4 voids stay filled, while the Ge-bound D4 site loses D. When reaching the lower D content limit, SrGeD4/3-x (γ phase) with 0.10 < x < 0.17, decomposes to the β phase. All three hydrides (deuterides) of SrGe show variable H (D) content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Auer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University , Johannisalle 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Wallacher
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Holger Kohlmann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University , Johannisalle 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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18
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Auer H, Guehne R, Bertmer M, Weber S, Wenderoth P, Hansen TC, Haase J, Kohlmann H. Hydrides of Alkaline Earth-Tetrel (AeTt) Zintl Phases: Covalent Tt-H Bonds from Silicon to Tin. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1061-1071. [PMID: 28098994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Zintl phases form hydrides either by incorporating hydride anions (interstitial hydrides) or by covalent bonding of H to the polyanion (polyanionic hydrides), which yields a variety of different compositions and bonding situations. Hydrides (deuterides) of SrGe, BaSi, and BaSn were prepared by hydrogenation (deuteration) of the CrB-type Zintl phases AeTt and characterized by laboratory X-ray, synchrotron, and neutron diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, and quantum-chemical calculations. SrGeD4/3-x and BaSnD4/3-x show condensed boatlike six-membered rings of Tt atoms, formed by joining three of the zigzag chains contained in the Zintl phase. These new polyanionic motifs are terminated by covalently bound H atoms with d(Ge-D) = 1.521(9) Å and d(Sn-D) = 1.858(8) Å. Additional hydride anions are located in Ae4 tetrahedra; thus, the features of both interstitial hydrides and polyanionic hydrides are represented. BaSiD2-x retains the zigzag Si chain as in the parent Zintl phase, but in the hydride (deuteride), it is terminated by H (D) atoms, thus forming a linear (SiD) chain with d(Si-D) = 1.641(5) Å.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patrick Wenderoth
- Department of Inorganic Solid-State Chemistry, Saarland University , Am Markt, Zeile 3, 66125 Saarbrücken, Germany
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