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Likhanov MS, Verchenko VY, Zhupanov VO, Wei Z, Dikarev EV, Kuznetsov AN, Shevelkov AV. Intermetallic Compound Re 2Ga 9Ge with Re- and Ge-Embedded Gallium Clusters: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Chemical Bonding, and Physical Properties. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:568-578. [PMID: 34932353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-based endohedral cluster intermetallic compounds are interesting electron phases, which frequently exhibit superconductivity with a peculiar interplay between the critical temperature and valence electron count. We present a new Re-based endohedral gallium cluster compound, Re2Ga9Ge. Its unique crystal structure (P42/mmc space group, a = 8.0452(3) Å, c = 6.7132(2) Å) is built by two types of gallium polyhedra: monocapped Archimedean antiprisms centered by rhenium atoms and tetrahedra containing a main-group element inside. The analysis of chemical bonding shows the presence of localized pairwise interactions between the p-block elements and the formation of multicenter bonds with the participation of d-orbitals of rhenium. In the electronic band structure, the Fermi level is located in a narrow pseudogap indicating the optimum band filling and thus explaining the virtual absence of a homogeneity range. The compound exhibits Pauli paramagnetism and metallic properties with unexpectedly low thermal conductivity. A sharp anomaly observed on the magnetic susceptibility and resistivity curves presumably indicates the electronic phase transition accompanied by charge ordering at the characteristic temperature of T * = 271 K in zero magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim S Likhanov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeriy Yu Verchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.,National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Vladislav O Zhupanov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Evgeny V Dikarev
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Alexey N Kuznetsov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.,N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei V Shevelkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
When a transition metal combines with an excess of a p-metal, the latter forms endohedral clusters with the number of vertices up to 14. These clusters are the building units of endohedral cluster intermetallic compounds. Although discovered a few decades ago, they have gained renewed interest due to their peculiar crystal and electronic structures and frequently observed superconducting properties. Advances over recent years reveal that endohedral cluster architectures are flexible enough, enabling chemical substitutions and the formation of a series of structurally related phases, where the same clusters can be arranged in different ways. Within the structural series, the superconducting-state parameters, including critical temperature and magnetic field, can be controlled and finely tuned. Herein, we present the most recent results in the chemical properties and superconductivity of endohedral cluster intermetallics and provide an outlook for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy Yu Verchenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, 119991 Moscow, Russia. and National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Andrei V Shevelkov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Abstract
The superconducting Mo4Ga21 structure type is derived from the electron-precise MoGa4 cubic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy Yu. Verchenko
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
| | - Alexander A. Tsirlin
- Experimental Physics VI
- Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism
- Institute of Physics
- University of Augsburg
- 86135 Augsburg
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Antonyshyn I, Wagner FR, Bobnar M, Sichevych O, Burkhardt U, Schmidt M, König M, Poeppelmeier K, Mackenzie AP, Svanidze E, Grin Y. Messungen an μm‐Proben – ein alternativer Weg zur Untersuchung intrinsischer Eigenschaften von Festkörper‐Materialien am Beispiel des Halbleiters TaGeIr. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Antonyshyn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - F. R. Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - M. Bobnar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - O. Sichevych
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - U. Burkhardt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - M. Schmidt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - M. König
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - K. Poeppelmeier
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University 2145 Sheridan Rd. Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - A. P. Mackenzie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - E. Svanidze
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Yu. Grin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
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Antonyshyn I, Wagner FR, Bobnar M, Sichevych O, Burkhardt U, Schmidt M, König M, Poeppelmeier K, Mackenzie AP, Svanidze E, Grin Y. Micro-Scale Device-An Alternative Route for Studying the Intrinsic Properties of Solid-State Materials: The Case of Semiconducting TaGeIr. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11136-11141. [PMID: 32202036 PMCID: PMC7318276 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
An efficient application of a material is only possible if we know its physical and chemical properties, which is frequently obstructed by the presence of micro- or macroscopic inclusions of secondary phases. While sometimes a sophisticated synthesis route can address this issue, often obtaining pure material is not possible. One example is TaGeIr, which has highly sample-dependent properties resulting from the presence of several impurity phases, which influence electronic transport in the material. The effect of these minority phases was avoided by manufacturing, with the help of focused-ion-beam, a μm-scale device containing only one phase-TaGeIr. This work provides evidence for intrinsic semiconducting behavior of TaGeIr and serves as an example of selective single-domain device manufacturing. This approach gives a unique access to the properties of compounds that cannot be synthesized in single-phase form, sparing costly and time-consuming synthesis efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Antonyshyn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - F. R. Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - M. Bobnar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - O. Sichevych
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - U. Burkhardt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - M. Schmidt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - M. König
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - K. Poeppelmeier
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan Rd.EvanstonIL60208USA
| | - A. P. Mackenzie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - E. Svanidze
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Yu. Grin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
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Verchenko VY, Zubtsovskii AO, Wei Z, Tsirlin AA, Marcin M, Sobolev AV, Presniakov IA, Dikarev EV, Shevelkov AV. Endohedral Cluster Superconductors in the Mo-Ga-Sn System Explored by the Joint Flux Technique. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:15552-15561. [PMID: 31657910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Endohedral Ga cluster compounds feature nontrivial superconducting states including the two-gap superconductivity similar in nature to MgB2. We use the joint flux synthetic technique to introduce Sn into the Ga matrix and tune the valence electron count in the two new endohedral cluster superconductors Mo8Ga41-xSnx and Mo4Ga21-x-δSnx with critical temperatures of Tc = 8.7 and 5.85 K, respectively. While the former compound is a derivative of the previously known Mo8Ga41 superconductor, where Sn atoms are enclosed inside the Sn@Ga6 octahedral clusters, the latter is a new architecture built upon Mo@Ga9Sn clusters, Ga@Ga12 cuboctahedra, and Sn4 squares. We show that this novel Mo4Ga21-x-δSnx superconductor features strong electron-phonon coupling with the large ratio of 2Δ(0)/(kBTc) = 4.1 similar to that of the Mo8Ga41 superconductor with the closely related crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy Yu Verchenko
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119991 Moscow , Russia.,National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics , 12618 Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Alexander O Zubtsovskii
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119991 Moscow , Russia.,Experimental Physics VI, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics , University of Augsburg , 86135 Augsburg , Germany
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, SUNY , Albany New York 12222 , United States
| | - Alexander A Tsirlin
- Experimental Physics VI, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics , University of Augsburg , 86135 Augsburg , Germany
| | - Miroslav Marcin
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Slovak Academy of Sciences , 04001 Košice , Slovakia
| | - Alexey V Sobolev
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119991 Moscow , Russia
| | - Igor A Presniakov
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119991 Moscow , Russia
| | - Evgeny V Dikarev
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, SUNY , Albany New York 12222 , United States
| | - Andrei V Shevelkov
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119991 Moscow , Russia
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Verchenko VY, Zubtsovskii AO, Wei Z, Tsirlin AA, Dikarev EV, Shevelkov AV. From endohedral cluster superconductors to approximant phases: synthesis, crystal and electronic structure, and physical properties of Mo 8Ga 41-xZn x and Mo 7Ga 52-xZn x. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7853-7861. [PMID: 31073584 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04982c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using the crystal-growth joint flux technique based on the combination of two aliovalent low-melt metals, gallium and zinc, we adjust the gross valence electron count in the Mo-Ga-Zn system and produce the Mo8Ga41-xZnx and Mo7Ga52-xZnx intermetallic compounds. Gradual reduction in the valence electron count first leads to the Zn for Ga substitution in the Mo8Ga41 endohedral cluster superconductor, accompanied by the formation of Zn-containing clusters in the crystal structure and by the gradual suppression of superconductivity. Mo8Ga41-xZnx with x = 7.2(2) exhibits superconducting properties below TC = 4 K, whereas there is no superconducting transition at temperatures above 2 K for the limiting composition of x = 11.3(2). Further, the Mo7Ga52-xZnx phase is formed from the flux with a higher content of Zn. Mo7Ga52-xZnx crystallizes in the Mo7Sn12Zn40 structure type with a narrow homogeneity range and exhibits metallic behavior with no sign of superconductivity down to at least 1.8 K. Its experimental valence electron count of 2.9 e per atom is below that of endohedral gallium cluster superconductors. Electronic structures of Mo8Ga41-xZnx and Mo7Ga52-xZnx feature the opening of a pseudogap slightly below the Fermi level indicating the specific stability of these structure types at the valence electron count of 3.2 e per atom and 2.7 e per atom, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy Yu Verchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Likhanov MS, Khalaniya RA, Verchenko VY, Gippius AA, Zhurenko SV, Tkachev AV, Fazlizhanova DI, Kuznetsov AN, Shevelkov AV. ReGaGe 2: an intermetallic compound with semiconducting properties and localized bonding. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5821-5824. [PMID: 31041961 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02563d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ReGaGe2 is a new member of the family of intermetallic compounds with non-metallic properties. It displays highly localized covalent bonding patterns. Its electronic structure is governed by mixing of Re d orbitals with the s and p orbitals of Ga and Ge and features the Fermi level falling into the opened band gap, ensuring experimentally confirmed semiconducting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim S Likhanov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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