1
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Sasaki Y, Nakase M, Kaneko M, Kobayashi T, Takeshita K, Matsumiya M. Preliminary studies of XANES and DFT calculation of Ru extraction by imino-diacetamide and related compounds. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:335-339. [PMID: 37934340 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
We connected three research fields on Ru extraction, XANES, and DFT calculation and elucidate the sequence of distribution ratio (D) and their reactions. The magnitude order of the distribution ratio, D(Ru), from acids, HCl > H2SO4 > HNO3 > HClO4, by IDOA indicates to extract readily the stable Ru-Cl ions. The XANES signals, which suggests the electrical charge of Ru(III) extracted into the organic phase, supports the ion-pairing extraction of the anionic Ru-Cl complex with an extractant protonated. Ru(III) in other acids might be extracted by solvation of extractant, thus ion-pair extraction is stronger than solvation in Ru extraction. According to the D(Ru), the same extractant trend, NTAamide > MIDOA > IDOA, as the energy gap of HOMO and LUMO by DFT calculation is found, which suggests that DFT calculation can give the relative magnitude of each D(M) value when extractant and metal in an extraction are determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Sasaki
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Nakase
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Masashi Kaneko
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Tohru Kobayashi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeshita
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Masahiko Matsumiya
- Yokohama National University, 79-2 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
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2
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Phung QM, Nam HN, Ghosh A. Local Oxidation States in {FeNO} 6-8 Porphyrins: Insights from DMRG/CASSCF-CASPT2 Calculations. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 38010736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A first DMRG/CASSCF-CASPT2 study of a series of paradigmatic {FeNO}6, {FeNO}7, and {FeNO}8 heme-nitrosyl complexes has led to substantial new insight as well as uncovered key shortcomings of the DFT approach. By virtue of its balanced treatment of static and dynamic correlation, the calculations have provided some of the most authoritative information available to date on the energetics of low- versus high-spin states of different classes of heme-nitrosyl complexes. Thus, the calculations indicate low doublet-quartet gaps of 1-4 kcal/mol for {FeNO}7 complexes and high singlet-triplet gaps of ≳20 kcal/mol for both {FeNO}6 and {FeNO}8 complexes. In contrast, DFT calculations yield widely divergent spin state gaps as a function of the exchange-correlation functional. DMRG-CASSCF calculations also help calibrate DFT spin densities for {FeNO}7 complexes, pointing to those obtained from classic pure functionals as the most accurate. The general picture appears to be that nearly all the spin density of Fe[P](NO) is localized on the Fe, while the axial ligand imidazole (ImH) in Fe[P](NO)(ImH) pushes a part of the spin density onto the NO moiety. An analysis of the DMRG-CASSCF wave function in terms of localized orbitals and of the resulting configuration state functions in terms of resonance forms with varying NO(π*) occupancies has allowed us to address the longstanding question of local oxidation states in heme-nitrosyl complexes. The analysis indicates NO(neutral) resonance forms [i.e., Fe(II)-NO0 and Fe(III)-NO0] as the major contributors to both {FeNO}6 and {FeNO}7 complexes. This finding is at variance with the common formulation of {FeNO}6 hemes as Fe(II)-NO+ species but is consonant with an Fe L-edge XAS analysis by Solomon and co-workers. For the {FeNO}8 complex {Fe[P](NO)}-, our analysis suggests a resonance hybrid description: Fe(I)-NO0 ↔ Fe(II)-NO-, in agreement with earlier DFT studies. Vibrational analyses of the compounds studied indicate an imperfect but fair correlation between the NO stretching frequency and NO(π*) occupancy, highlighting the usefulness of vibrational data as a preliminary indicator of the NO oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Manh Phung
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ho Ngoc Nam
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Chemical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Abhik Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
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3
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Kido K, Kaneko M. Conformation, hydration, and ligand exchange process of ruthenium nitrosyl complexes in aqueous solution: Free-energy calculations by a combination of molecular-orbital theories and different solvent models. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:546-558. [PMID: 36205560 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Distribution of solvent molecules near transition-metal complex is key information to comprehend the functionality, reactivity, and so forth. However, polarizable continuum solvent models still are the standard and conventional partner of molecular-orbital (MO) calculations in the solution system including transition-metal complex. In this study, we investigate the conformation, hydration, and ligand substitution reaction between NO2 - and H2 O in aqueous solution for [Ru(NO)(OH)(NO2 )4 ]2- (A), [Ru(NO)(OH)(NO2 )3 (ONO)]2- (B), and [Ru(NO)(OH)(NO2 )3 (H2 O)]- (C) using a combination method of MO theories and a state-of-the-art molecular solvation technique (NI-MC-MOZ-SCF). A dominant species is found in the complex B conformers and, as expected, different between the solvent models, which reveals that molecular solvation beyond continuum media treatment are required for a reliable description of solvation near transition-metal complex. In the stability constant evaluation of ligand substitution reaction, an assumption that considers the direct association between the dissociated NO2 - and complex C is useful to obtain a reliable stability constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kido
- Nuclear Safety Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura Naka-gun, Japan
| | - Masashi Kaneko
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura Naka-gun, Japan
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4
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Klyukin IN, Vlasova YS, Novikov AS, Zhdanov AP, Hagemann HR, Zhizhin KY, Kuznetsov NT. B-F bonding and reactivity analysis of mono- and perfluoro-substituted derivatives of closo-borate anions (6, 10, 12): A computational study. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Stepanenko I, Mizetskyi P, Orlowska E, Bučinský L, Zalibera M, Vénosová B, Clémancey M, Blondin G, Rapta P, Novitchi G, Schrader W, Schaniel D, Chen YS, Lutz M, Kožíšek J, Telser J, Arion VB. The Ruthenium Nitrosyl Moiety in Clusters: Trinuclear Linear μ-Hydroxido Magnesium(II)-Diruthenium(II), μ 3-Oxido Trinuclear Diiron(III)-Ruthenium(II), and Tetranuclear μ 4-Oxido Trigallium(III)-Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:950-967. [PMID: 34962391 PMCID: PMC8767547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The ruthenium nitrosyl
moiety, {RuNO}6, is important
as a potential releasing agent of nitric oxide and is of inherent
interest in coordination chemistry. Typically, {RuNO}6 is
found in mononuclear complexes. Herein we describe the synthesis and
characterization of several multimetal cluster complexes that contain
this unit. Specifically, the heterotrinuclear μ3-oxido
clusters [Fe2RuCl4(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)2(NO)(Hpz)2] (6) and [Fe2RuCl3(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)3(MeOH)(NO)(Hpz)][Fe2RuCl3(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)3(DMF)(NO)(Hpz)] (7·MeOH·2H2O) and the heterotetranuclear
μ4-oxido complex [Ga3RuCl3(μ4-O)(μ-OMe)3(μ-pz)4(NO)]
(8) were prepared from trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(Hpz)4]Cl2 (5), which itself was prepared
via acidic hydrolysis of the linear heterotrinuclear complex {[Ru(μ-OH)(μ-pz)2(pz)(NO)(Hpz)]2Mg} (4). Complex 4 was synthesized from the mononuclear Ru complexes (H2pz)[trans-RuCl4(Hpz)2] (1), trans-[RuCl2(Hpz)4]Cl (2), and trans-[RuCl2(Hpz)4] (3). The new compounds 4–8 were all characterized by elemental
analysis, ESI mass spectrometry, IR, UV–vis, and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, with complexes 6 and 7 being characterized also by temperature-dependent
magnetic susceptibility measurements and Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Magnetometry indicated a strong antiferromagnetic interaction between
paramagnetic centers in 6 and 7. The ability
of 4 and 6–8 to form
linkage isomers and release NO upon irradiation in the solid state
was investigated by IR spectroscopy. A theoretical investigation of
the electronic structure of 6 by DFT and ab initio CASSCF/NEVPT2 calculations indicated a redox-noninnocent behavior
of the NO ancillary ligand in 6, which was also manifested
in TD-DFT calculations of its electronic absorption spectrum. The
electronic structure of 6 was also studied by an X-ray
charge density analysis. Mononuclear trans-[Ru(OH)NO(Hpz)4]2+ proved to
be a source of μ-hydroxido and μ3- and/or μ4-oxido bridging groups, which
could be incorporated into the heterotrinuclear complexes {[Ru(μ-OH)(μ-pz)2(pz)(NO)(Hpz)]2Mg}, [Fe2RuCl4(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)2(NO)(Hpz)2], and [Fe2RuCl3(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)3(MeOH)(NO)(Hpz)][Fe2RuCl3(μ3-O)(μ-OMe)(μ-pz)3(DMF)(NO)(Hpz)] (7·MeOH·2H2O) and the heterotetranuclear μ4-oxido complex [Ga3RuCl3(μ4-O)(μ-OMe)3(μ-pz)4(NO)]. The structures obtained were all confirmed
by SC-XRD, including an X-ray charge density analysis that revealed
the electronic structure of the RuFe2 cluster. Two of these nitrosyl
complexes underwent photoinduced isomerization with generation of
the nitrosyl linkage isomers MS1 and MS2, as revealed by IR spectroscopy
at 10 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Stepanenko
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavlo Mizetskyi
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ewelina Orlowska
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukáš Bučinský
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Zalibera
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Vénosová
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 30. dubna 22, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Clémancey
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Geneviève Blondin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Wolfgang Schrader
- MPI für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | | | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- NSF's ChemMATCARS, The University of Chicago, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Martin Lutz
- Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jozef Kožíšek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, 430 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Vladimir B Arion
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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6
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Kaneko M, Nakashima S. Density Functional Theory Study on the 193Ir Mössbauer Spectroscopic Parameters of Vaska's Complexes and Their Oxidative Adducts. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12740-12752. [PMID: 34410705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, density functional theory (DFT) calculation was applied to Vaska's complexes of formula trans-[IrIX(CO)(PPh3)2] and their oxidative adducts with small molecules (YZ) including H2, i.e., trans-[IrIIIClYZ(CO)(PPh3)2], to successfully correlate the electronic states of the complexes with the corresponding 193Ir Mössbauer spectroscopic parameters. After confirming the reproducibility of the DFT methods for elucidating the equilibrium structures and 193Ir Mössbauer isomer shifts of the octahedral Ir complexes, the isomer shifts and quadrupole splitting values of Vaska's complexes and their oxidative adducts were calculated. A bond critical point analysis revealed that the tendency in the isomer shifts was correlated with the strength of the covalent interaction in the coordination bonds. In an electric field gradient (EFG) analysis of the oxidative adducts, the sign of the principal axis was found to be positive for the complex with YZ = Cl2 and negative for the complex with YZ = H2. This reversal of the sign of the EFG principal axis was caused by the difference in the electron density distribution for the coordination bonds between Ir and YZ, according to a density of states analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kaneko
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4, Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Satoru Nakashima
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, 1-4-2, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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7
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Sharma VK, Ma X, Guo B, Zhang K. Environmental factors-mediated behavior of microplastics and nanoplastics in water: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129597. [PMID: 33460897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The release of plastics in nature is an increasing global concern due to their degradation from microplastics (MPs) and even to nanoplastics (NPs), which are being recognized as a potential global threat to humans and environment. This paper summarizes the current knowledge on the effect of different environmental factors on the aggregation of MPs and NPs in aquatic environment. Stability (or extent of aggregation) of MPs and NPs varies with pH, ionic strength, ion type (monovalent, divalent, and trivalent), kind of minerals, and natural organic matter (NOM) of the aquatic environment. Electrostatic interactions between particles at different pH and ionic strength caused by salts of different valents govern the aggregation. In the presence of minerals (or inorganic colloids), net surface charge of mineral and surface potential of MPs and NPs (i.e., positive or negative surface functionality) play important roles in the heteroaggregation of MPs and NPs. In the presence of NOM, additional complex interactions including hydrophobic interactions and bridging are also involved in the aggregation of particles. Understanding the interactions of MPs and NPs of different surface charge with diverse environmental factors at a wide range of environmental conditions is pivotal to assess the mobility and the fate of degraded plastic particles and their risk to human health and ecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender K Sharma
- Program of the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Xingmao Ma
- Zachery Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Binglin Guo
- Program of the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Zachery Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Kaiyi Zhang
- Program of the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Zachery Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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8
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Fomenko IS, Mikhailov AA, Vorobyev V, Kuratieva NV, Kostin GA, Schaniel D, Nadolinny VA, Gushchin AL. Solution and solid-state light-induced transformations in heterometallic vanadium-ruthenium nitrosyl complex. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.113044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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9
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Kaneko M, Sasaki Y, Matsumiya M, Nakase M, Takeshita K. Density functional modeling of Am3+/Eu3+ selectivity with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and its bisamide chelates. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2020.1842267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kaneko
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuji Sasaki
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masahiko Matsumiya
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nakase
- Fukushima Reconstruction and Revitalization Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeshita
- Fukushima Reconstruction and Revitalization Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Kato A, Kaneko M, Nakashima S. Complexation and bonding studies on [Ru(NO)(H2O)5]3+ with nitrate ions by using density functional theory calculation. RSC Adv 2020; 10:24434-24443. [PMID: 35516215 PMCID: PMC9055096 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05042c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Complexation reactions of ruthenium–nitrosyl complexes in HNO3 solution were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations in order to predict the stability of Ru species in high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW) solution. The equilibrium structure of [Ru(NO)(NO3)3(H2O)2] obtained by DFT calculations reproduced the experimental Ru–ligand bond lengths and IR frequencies reported previously. Comparison of the Gibbs energies among the geometrical isomers for [Ru(NO)(NO3)x(H2O)5−x](3−x)+/− revealed that the complexation reactions of the ruthenium–nitrosyl complexes with NO3− proceed via the NO3− coordination to the equatorial plane toward the Ru–NO axis. We also estimated Gibbs energy differences on the stepwise complexation reactions to succeed in reproducing the fraction of Ru–NO species in 6 M HNO3 solution, such as in HLLW, by considering the association energy between the Ru–NO species and the substituting ligands. Electron density analyses of the complexes indicated that the strength of the Ru–ligand coordination bonds depends on the stability of the Ru species and the Ru complex without NO3− at the axial position is more stable than that with NO3−, which might be attributed to the difference in the trans influence between H2O and NO3−. Finally, we demonstrated the complexation kinetics in the reactions x = 1 → x = 2. The present study is expected to enable us to model the precise complexation reactions of platinum-group metals in HNO3 solution. Density functional study on the complexation of [Ru(NO)(H2O)5]3+ with NO3− ions reproduced the stabilities of the geometrical isomers and the stepwise substitution reactivities by combining the association energy with the leaving/entering ligands.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Kato
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
| | - Masashi Kaneko
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency
- 319-1195 Japan
| | - Satoru Nakashima
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development
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11
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Zhu H, Gao C, Filatov M, Zou W. Mössbauer isomer shifts and effective contact densities obtained by the exact two-component (X2C) relativistic method and its local variants. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:26776-26786. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04549g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A standalone program to calculate scalar relativistic effective contact densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- Institute of Modern Physics
- Northwest University, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Chun Gao
- Institute of Modern Physics
- Northwest University, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Michael Filatov
- Department of Chemistry
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu 702-701
- South Korea
| | - Wenli Zou
- Institute of Modern Physics
- Northwest University, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
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