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Santoso P, Minamihata K, Ishimine Y, Taniguchi H, Komada T, Sato R, Goto M, Takashima T, Taira T, Kamiya N. Enhancement of the Antifungal Activity of Chitinase by Palmitoylation and the Synergy of Palmitoylated Chitinase with Amphotericin B. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1051-1061. [PMID: 35471825 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Combinations of antifungal drugs can have synergistic antifungal activity, achieving high therapeutic efficacy while minimizing the side effects. Amphotericin B (AMB) has been used as a standard antifungal drug for fungal infections; however, because of its high toxicity, new strategies to minimize the required dose are desirable. Chitinases have recently received attention as alternative safe antifungal agents. Herein, we report the combination of palmitoylated chitinase domains with AMB to enhance the antifungal activity. The chitin-binding domain (LysM) from Pteris ryukyuensis chitinase was site-specifically palmitoylated by conjugation reaction catalyzed by microbial transglutaminase. The palmitoylated LysM (LysM-Pal) exhibited strong antifungal activity against Trichoderma viride, inhibiting the growth completely at a concentration of 2 μM. This antifungal effect of LysM-Pal was mainly due to the effect of anchoring of palmitic acid motif to the plasma membrane of fungi. A combination of AMB with LysM-Pal resulted in synergistic enhancement of the antifungal activity. Intriguingly, LysM-Pal exhibited higher level of antifungal activity enhancement than palmitoylated catalytic domain (CatD) and fusion of LysM and CatD. Addition of 0.5 μM LysM-Pal to AMB reduced the minimal inhibition concentration of AMB to 0.31 μM (2.5 μM without LysM-Pal). The possible mechanism of the synergistic effect of AMB and LysM-Pal is destabilization of the plasma membrane by anchoring of palmitic acid and ergosterol extraction by AMB and destabilization of the chitin layer by LysM binding. The combination of LysM-Pal with AMB can drastically reduce the dose of AMB and may be a useful strategy to treat fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pugoh Santoso
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minamihata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yugo Ishimine
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukyu University, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuya Komada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryo Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tomoya Takashima
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukyu University, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Toki Taira
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukyu University, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Abady SM, M Ghanem K, Ghanem NB, Embaby AM. Molecular cloning, heterologous expression, and in silico sequence analysis of Enterobacter GH19 class I chitinase (chiRAM gene). Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:951-969. [PMID: 34773550 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using in silico sequence analyses, the present study aims to clone and express the gene-encoding sequence of a GH19 chitinase from Enterobacter sp. in Escherichia coli. METHODS AND RESULTS The putative open reading frame of a GH19 chitinase from Enterobacter sp. strain EGY1 was cloned and expressed into pGEM®-T and pET-28a (+) vectors, respectively using a degenerate primer. The isolated nucleotide sequence (1821 bp, GenBank accession no.: MK533791.2) was translated to a chiRAM protein (606 amino acids, UniProt accession no.: A0A4D6J2L9). The in silico protein sequence analysis of chiRAM revealed a class I GH19 chitinase: an N-terminus signal peptide (Met1-Ala23), a catalytic domain (Val83-Glu347 and the catalytic triad Glu149, Glu171, and Ser218), a proline-rich hinge region (Pro414 -Pro450), a polycystic kidney disease protein motif (Gly 465-Ser 533), a C-terminus chitin-binding domain (Ala553- Glu593), and conserved class I motifs (NYNY and AQETGG). A three-dimensional model was constructed by LOMETS MODELLER of PDB template: 2dkvA (class I chitinase of Oryza sativa L. japonica). Recombinant chiRAM was overexpressed as inclusion bodies (IBs) (~ 72 kDa; SDS-PAGE) in 1.0 mM IPTG induced E. coli BL21 (DE3) Rosetta strain at room temperature 18 h after induction. Optimized expression yielded active chiRAM with 1.974 ± 0.0002 U/mL, on shrimp colloidal chitin (SCC), in induced E. coli BL21 (DE3) Rosetta cells growing in SB medium. LC-MS/MS identified a band of 72 kDa in the soluble fraction with a 52.3% coverage sequence exclusive to the GH19 chitinase of Enterobacter cloacae (WP_063869339.1). CONCLUSIONS Although chiRAM of Enterobacter sp. was successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli with appreciable chitinase activity, future studies should focus on minimizing IBs to facilitate chiRAM purification and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahinaz M Abady
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 1 Baghdad Street-Moharam Bek, Alexandria, 21568, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Ghanem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 1 Baghdad Street-Moharam Bek, Alexandria, 21568, Egypt
| | - Nevine B Ghanem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 1 Baghdad Street-Moharam Bek, Alexandria, 21568, Egypt
| | - Amira M Embaby
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, P.O.Box 832, 163 Horreya Avenue, Chatby, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
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Takashima T, Taku T, Yamanaka T, Fukamizo T, Numata T, Ohnuma T. Crystal structure and biochemical characterization of CJP38, a β-1,3-glucanase and allergen of Cryptomeria japonica pollen. Mol Immunol 2019; 116:199-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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